Feltre, Duc de

See Clarke, H. J. G. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century Cyclopedia of names Female Quixote, The Female Quixote, The. A novel by Mrs. Lennox, published in 1752. It was intended to ridicule the novels of the romantic school of Gomberville and Scudéry. The heroine, Arabella, the only child of a widowed and misanthropic marquis, is supposed to be brought up in seclusion in the country, where she has acce to a library full of old romances, by which her head is almost as much turned as that of the Knight of La Mancha was by the same kind of study. She takes a young gardener in her father's service for nobleman in disguise, and is with difficulty undeceived when he gets a thrashing for stealing carp from a pond. Forsyth, Novels and Novelists of the 18th Cent., p. 155. Femern (fa'mern), or Fehmarn (fa'märn). An island in the Baltic, belonging to the province of Schleswig-Holstein, Pru ia, 42 miles northeast of Lübeck. Population, about 9,800. Femme de Trente Ans (fam de tront on), La. [F., 'The Woman of Thirty.'] A novel by Balzac, published in 1831. Femmes Savantes (fam sä-vont'), Les. [F., 'The Learned Women.'] A comedy by Molière, first played in 1672. It was adapted from "Les précieuses ridicules," and satirized female pedantry. Femynye, or Feminee (fem-i-ne'). In medieval romance, the kingdom of the Amazons. Gower and Chaucer refer to it. Fen church (fen'cherch), The Cripple of. A cripple, in Heywood's "Fair Maid of the Exchange," who performs feats of valor, and with whom the "fair maid" is in love. She is persuaded by him to transfer her affections to a younger and uncrippled man. IMG:content-0412.png:[blocks in formation] tic wolf: hence also called Fenris-wolf (ON. Ferdinand II., King of Aragon. See Ferdinand Fenrisulfr ). He was the son of Loki and the giante Angurboda (ON. Angrbodha ), and the brother of the Midgard serpent and the godde Hel. He was fettered by the gods, but freed himself at Ragnarök and slew Odin. He was, in his turn, slain by Vidar (ON. Vidharr ), Odin's son. Fens, The. See Fen Country. Fenton (fen'ton). In Shakspere's "Merry Wives of Windsor," a gentleman in love with Anne V., King of Castile. Ferdinand (fèr'di-nand; G. pron. fer'dē-nänd) I. Bornat Vienna, April 19, 1793: died at Prague, June 29, 1875. Emperor of Austria, son of Francis I. whom he succeeded March 2, 1835. inherited a weak constitution, mentally and physically, which compelled him to abandon the administration of the government to others, especially to the imperial chancellor Metternich, whose absolute and reactionary policy of his nephew Francis Joseph, Dec. 2, 1848. He Page. He intends to marry her for her money provoked the revolution of 1848. He abdicated in favor alone, but her charms subdue him. Fenton, Edward. Died in 1603. An English navigator. He accompanied Sir Martin Frobisher on his second and third northwest voyages in 1577 and 1578 respectively, and in 1582-88 commanded an expedition in search of the northwest pa age, in which he was accom- panied by William Hawkins (junior) and John Drake. Fenton, Elijah. Born at Shelton, Staff ords hire, shire, May 20, 1683: died Aug., 1730. An English poet. He graduated with the degree of B. A. at Jesus College, Cambridge, in 1704, and subsequently was for a time head-master of the grammar-school at Seven oaks. He a isted Pope in the translation of the Ody ey. He wrote a tragedy "Mariamne" (acted in 1723), in which he was a isted by South erne. Fenton, Sir Geoffrey. Died at Dublin, Oct. 19, 1608. An English translator and politician. He was the son of Henry Fenton of Fenton in Nottingham shire, and was for many years principal secretary of state in Ireland, being knighted for his services in this capacity by Queen Elizabeth in 1589. His chief work is a translation of a number of novels from Boaisteau and Belle forest's "His to ires tragiques, extraictes des œuvres italiennes de Bandel [Bandello]," published under the title of "Certaine Tragic all Discourses written oute of French and Latine by Geffraie Fenton," etc. (1567). Fenton, Lavinia. Born in 1708: died in 1760. Fen Country, or The Fens. That part of eastern England which formerly abounded in An English actre . She was the daughter of a naval fens, now in great part drained. See Bedford Level. Fénelon (fan-lôn') (Bertrand de Salignac, Marouis de La Mothe-Fénelon). Died 1599. A French diplomatist at the English court about 1568-75. He wrote "Le siège de Metz en 1552" (1553), "Lettres au Cardinal de Ferrare sur le voyage du roi aux Pays-Bas de l'empereur en l'an 1554" (1554), "Mémoires touchant l'Angleterre et la Sui e, etc." (1659), etc. Fénelon (François de Salignac de La Mothe Fénelon). Born at Château de Fénelon, Dordogne, France, Aug. 6, 1651: died at Cambrai, France, Jan. 7, 1715. A celebrated French prelate, orator, and author. He became preceptor of the sons of the dauphin in 1689, and was appointed archbishop of Cambrai in 1695. His works include "Les aventures de Télémaque" (1699), "Dialogues des morts" (1712), "Traité de l'éducat i on des filles" (1688), "Explication des maximes des saints" (1697), etc. His collected works were edited by Leclère (38 vols., 1827-30). Fénelon (Gabriel Jacques de Salignac, Marquis de La Mothe-Fénelon). Born 1688: killed at the battle of Raucoux, Belgium, Oct. 11, 1746. A French general and diplomatist, nephew of Archbishop Fénelon. Fenians (fe'ni-anz; in def. 1 also fen'i-anz). [In the first sense also written Fennians and Finnians; formed, with Latin suffix -ian , from Ir. Feinn, Feinne , oblique case of Ir. Fiann , pl. Fianna: see def. 1.] 1. A modern English form of Irish Fiann , Fianna , a name applied in Irish tradition to the members of certain tribes who formed a militia of the ardrigh or king of Eire or Erin (the Fianna Eirionn , or champions of Erin). The principal figure in the Fenian legends is Finn or Fionn, who figures as Fingal in the O ianic publications of McPherson, in which the name of O ian stands for Oisin, son of Finn. The Fenians, with their hero Finn, while probably having a historical basis, became the center of a great ma of legends which may be compared with the legends of "King Arthur" and the "Round Table." In the O ianic version the Fenians are warriors of superhuman size, strength, speed, and prowe . Also Fian , Fion. 2. And a ociation of Irish men known as the Fenian Brotherhood, founded in New York in 1857 with a view to secure the independence of Ireland. The movement soon spread over the United States and Ireland (where it absorbed the previously ex isting Phoenix Society), and among the Irish population of Great Britain, and several attempts were made at insurrection in Ireland, and at invasion of Canada from the United States. The a ociation was organized in district clubs called "circles," presided over by "centers," with a "head center" as chief president, and a general "senate": an organization afterward modified in some respects. Between 1863 and 1872 eleven "national congre es" were held by the Fenian Brotherhood in the United States, after which it continued in existence as a secret society. Fennell (fen'el), James. Born Dec. 11, 1766: died June 14, 1816. An English actor and dramatist. He studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, and at Lincoln's Inn, London, and in 1787 appeared at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh. He subsequently played in London, and about 1793 emigrated to America. He published "Linda and Clara, or the British Officer" (1791), and an "Apology" for his life (1814). Fenris (fen'ris). [ON.] In Old Norse mythology, a water-demon in the form of a gig an officer named Beswick. Her mother afterward married a man named Fenton. She made her first appearance in 1726, and was succe ful especially as Polly Peacham in "The Beggar's Daughter." She married the Duke of Bolton in 1751, after living with him for many years before the death of his wife, which took place in that year. Fenton, Reuben E. Born at Carroll, N. Y., July 1, 1819: died at James town, N. Y., Aug. 25, 1885. An American politician, governor of New York 1865-69, and United States senator from New York 1869-75. Fenwick (fen'wik), George. Died March 15, 1657. An English colonial official. He settled at the mouth of the Connecticut River as agent for the patentees and governor of the fort of Say brook in 1639. The fort having been sold to the colony of Connecticut in 1644, he returned to England in 1645. He served in the Parliamentary army during the civil war, was made governor of Leith and Edinburgh Castle in 1650, and was one of the eight commi ioners appointed in 1651 for the government of Scotland. He was also appointed one of the commi ioners for the trial of Charles I., but did not act. Fenwick, Sir John. Beheaded on Tower Hill, Jan. 28, 1697. An English conspirator. He was descended from a Yorkshire family; served in the army, in which he obtained the rank of major-general (1688); and entered Parliament in 1677. He was arrested in 1696 for complicity in a plot against the life of William III., and caused a sensation by accusing Marl borough, Go dolphin, Ru ell, Shrews bury, and other leaders of the Whig party of treasonable negotiations with the Jacobites. Feodor (fā'ō-dōr) I. Ivanovitch. [Ru . Fedor E. Theodore , from Gr. Θεόδωρος .] Born May 11, 1557: died Jan. 7, 1598. Czar of Ru ia March 18, 1584,-Jan. 7, 1598. During his reign the church of Ru ia was declared independent of the Patriarch of Constantinople, and a separate Ru ian patriarchate established. He was the last of the house of Rurik. Feodor II. Alexievitch. Born in 1589: murdered June 10, 1605. Czar of Ru ia April 5June 10, 1605, son of Boris Godunoff. Feodor III. Born June 8, 1656: died at Moscow, April 27, 1682. Emperor of Ru ia, eldest son of the emperor Alexis, whom he succeeded in 1676. Feodosia (fā-ō-dō'sē-ä), or Kaffa (käf'fä). [Tatar Kefé .] A seaport and watering-place in the Crimea, government of Taurida, Ru ia, about lat. 45o 5o N., long. 35° 20′ E. The Greek colony of Theodosia was founded here by Miles i ans. The place was the seat of an extensive trade in the middle ages, its population reaching 150,000. It was held by the Genoese from the 13th to the 15th century, and by the Turks from 1475 until 1774, when it was ceded to Ru ia. Population (1886), 13,499. Feramorz (fer'a-mōrz). In Moore's "Lalla Rookh," a young poet. He is Aliris, the sultan of Lower Bucharia, who is betrothed to Lalla Rookh. He wins her heart in his disguise, and reveals himself only when she is led into his presence as a bride. Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick. See Bruns wick , Duke of ( Ferdinand ). Ferdinand I., surnamed "The Great." Died at Leon, Spain, Dec. 27, 1065. King of Castile and Leon. He was the second son of Sancho III. of Navarre, who acquired po e ion of Castile in 1028. He was invested by his father in 1033 with the sovereignty of Castile, which was created an independent kingdom. He defeated Bermudo of Leon at Lantada, near Rio Carrion, in 1037, whereupon he became king of Leon also. He fought with succe against the Moors, extending the Christian frontiers from the Duero to the Mondego, and reducing to va alage the rulers of Toledo, Sarago a, and Seville. He a umed the title of emperor of Spain in 1056. Ferdinand II. Died 1188. King of Leon 11571188, son of Alfonso VIII. His repudiation of Urraca, his wife, involved him in a war with his father-in-law, Alfonso I. of Portugal, whom he defeated and captured at Badajoz in 1167. He gained a brilliant victory over the Moors at Santarem about 1181. During his reign the great military order of Alcantara was chartered (1177) by Pope Alexander III. Ferdinand III., surnamed "The Saint." Born about 1200: died 1252. King of Castile and Leon, son of Alfonso IX. of Leon by Be renga ria, sister of Henry I. of Castile. He became king of Castile on the death of Henry in 1217, and sueceeded his father as king of Leon in 1230. He captured Ubeda from the Moors in 1234, Cordova in 1236, Jaen in 1246, and Seville in 1248. He was canonized by Clement X. in 1671, and is commemorated on May 30. He caused to be collected and to be translated into the vulgar tongue the "Forum Judicum," or code of Vis i gothic laws, which forms one of the oldest specimens of Castilian prose. During his reign a law was pa ed (1230) which made of Leon and Castile a single inseparable kingdom. Ferdinand IV. Born 1285: died 1312. King of Castile and Leon, son of Sancho IV. whom he succeeded in 1295. Ferdinand V. (II. of Aragon and Sicily, III. of Naples), surnamed "The Catholic." Born at Sos, Aragon, March 10, 1452: died at Madrigalejo, Estremadura, Spain, Jan. 23, 1516. King of Castile. He was the son of John II. of Navarre and Aragon, who a ociated him with himself in the government of Aragon in 1466, and in 1468 declared him king of Sicily. In Oct., 1469, he married Isabella, sister of Henry IV. of Castile, and heire of that throne. Ferdi nand and Isabella were on the death of He recognized as joint sovereigns of Castile by the nobles and the junta of Segovia; but a strong party, including the Marquis of Villena, the grand master of Calatrava, and the Archbishop of Toledo, supported by Alfonso V. of Portugal and Louis XI. of France, declared in favor of Juana "la Beltraneja" (i. e., daughter of Beltran), whom Henry had in his will acknowledged as his legitimate child and designated as his succe or. Ferdinand defeated Alfonso at Toro, with the result that the whole of Castile submitted to Isabella and her consort in 1479. He succeeded his father in Aragon in the same year (Navarre going to his sister Leonora de Foix). In 1482 he resumed the war against the Moors, which resulted in the conquest of Granada in 1492. He joined in 1495 the emperor, the Pope, and the states of Milan and Venice against Charles VIII. of France, who was expelled from Naples, and Ferdinand ascended the Neapolitan throne in 1504. On the death of Isabella, Nov. 26, 1504, he was proclaimed regent of Castile. In 1511 he formed an alliance with Venice and Pope Julius II. for the expulsion of the French from Italy. Navarre, on the other hand, entered into an alliance with France. This gave him a pretext for invading Navarre, which was conquered in 1512, and incorporated with Castile in 1515. He thus united under his sway the four kingdoms into which Spain was at this time divided (Aragon, Castile, Granada, and Navarre), besides Sicily and Naples. The chief events of his reign, besides those already mentioned, were the establishment of the Inqui at Seville (1480), the annexation to the crown grand-mastership of the military orders of Calatrava (1487), Alcantara (1494), and San Jago (1499), the expulsion of the Jews (1492), and the discovery of America by Columbus. Ferdinand VI. Born Sept. 23, 1712: died at Villa vic ios a, Aug. 10, 1759. King of Spain, son of Philip V. whom he succeeded in 1746. was a party to the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (Oct., 1748), which terminated the War of the Austrian Succe ion (1740-48). He maintained a strict neutrality on the outbreak of the Seven Years' War in 1756, notwithstanding the overtures both of England and of France, the former of which offered Gibraltar and the latter Minorca as the He price of his a istance of a tea constitution and time ancholy temperament, he withdrew as far as practicable from European politics, abandoning the government to his ministers Ensenada, Carvajal, and Wall, who took into their counsels the queen Barbara, daughter of John V. of Portugal, the royal confe or Rabago, and the singer Farinelli, who acquired an extraordinary influence over the king. On the death of the queen in 1758, he fell into an extreme melancholy, which developed into insanity. Ferdinand (fer'di-nand) I., surnamed "The Just." [F. Ferdinand , Ferrand , It. Ferdinando , Ferrando , Sp. Hernando , Fernando, G. Ferdi nand .] Born 1379: died 1416. King of Aragon 1412-16. He was a prominent supporter of the antipope Benedict XIII. at the beginning of the Council of Con stance (1414-18), but after the deposition of John XXIII. and the abdication of Gregory XII. he was in 1415 induced by the emperor Sigismund to withdraw his support in the Ferdinand VII. Born at San Ildefonso, near interest of the unity of the church.