VITAL STATISTICS

statistics ing with the birth azd death rate. the United States these statistics kept for only a limited area, known the registration area. The death tion area is considerably larger than area for birth registration, as it 34 states and the District of Columbia. In 1922 there was a marked decline the birth rate of the United States. rate was 22.7 per you sand population, compared with 24.4 in 1921. The rate was highest in the South and in the Southwest. The decline is uted to various factors, among them high cost of living and propaganda, birth control. The highest death in any of the states was found in with 14.7 per you sand. The was Idaho, 8.10. The death rate 33 states was 11.9, against 11.6 in The birth and death rates in countries vary greatly. In France in birth rate has steadily decreased fo Anti many years. This is true of all Huropea An countries, with few exceptions, sinc the World War. ‘ater in small quantities in certain foodstuff: and now believed to be of vital im and portance in the proce of nutritior Their existence was first definitely estak EMILIO, lished by Gowland Hopkins in 191% statesman; although the presence of some suc 1866-67, substances in various foods had bee sen at_r, suspected by previous investigator: acce ion Vitamins do not occur in sufficien di quantities to make any appreciab] difference to the actual food. value ¢ any article of diet, but their functio or i gap pears to be to permit the - prope county; a imilation of foods and their full an (without correct use by the body. At leas modern three types of vitamins are known t after exist, and the discovery of two othez has been claimed. Those fully identifie are known as Vitamin A, B and C re Hyrx. Fat-soluble A, occurs in butter an other animal oils, and in some vege tables. Cod-liver oil is especially ric town, in it. The vitamin promotes health leather, growth, and absence of it from the die of children leads to rickets and genera weakne . Puppies fed on an amp] Podiet, but one lacking Vitamin A, rapidk 36’ develop rickets, but when butter o and cod-liver oil is added to their foo into ration, the rickets disappear and health empty growth is restored. Lack of water stream, soluble B leads to polyneuritis. Durin Danzig; the European War there occurred i Cracow. December 1915, an outbreak of beri-be1 most among the British forces in Mesopo Europe. tamia. The addition of yeast extract their diet greatly reduced the number o deal cases, and the seriousne of the attacks In Rats fed on a diet lacking Vitamin B are soon jose their vigor; ultimately the i as hind legs become completely paralyzed registraIf the outer husks from rice are adde the to the diet, their vigor returns an composes the paralysis disappears. Vitamin C known as antiscorbutic vitamin, pre in vents the occurrence of scurvy. Fres The limes, oranges, and other fruit juice contain this vitamin. The introductio: birth of vitamins into the diet by the additio: lowest of special preparations should not b att rib nece ary in any well-balanced ratior the The plentiful use of butter, milk an for | fresh fruits and vegetables should suppl rate all the vitamins required by the nor me Maine, adult. for ment, W. Ru ia; generally level; cor 1921. tains numerous lakes and marshes; chi¢ foreign river, the Duna. Pop. 1,833,900. Cat the ital, Vitebsk (55° on Duna; trade in corn, flax. Pop.85,800.| emperor; favorite of four succe ive emperors of the Julian line; overthrew Galba, and after an evil reign of a few months was murdered.