summit (sum it)

[F. sommet, dim. of OF. som, top of a hill, Fix'd on the summit of the highest mount. Shak., Hamlet, iii. 3. 18. 2. The highest point or degree; the utmost elevation; the maximum; the climax. sommite, F. sommité = Sp. sumidad = Pg. summidade-It.sommità, But see wel that the chief roote oon directe Be hool translate unto his summyte Withouten hurte and in no wise enfecte. Palladius , Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 214. On the North-east corner and summity of the hill are the ruines of huge arches sunk low in the earth. Sandys , Travailes, p. 116. To remove themselves and their effects down to the lower summity . Swift , Battle of the Books. [Early mod. E. also summon (sum'on), v. t. sommon; semonre , semondre , somoundre , F.semondre = Pr. semondre, somondre, somonre , summon, sum- monere, submonere , remind privily, sub , under, privily, + monere , remind, warn: see monish , admonish. The ME. forms were partly con- fused with ME. somnen , somnien , AS.samnian , gather together: see sam . Hence ult. summons , sumner , etc.] 1. To call, cite, or notify by au- thority to appear at a place specified, to attend in person to some public duty, or to a ume a certain rank or dignity; especially, to command to appear in court: as, to summon a jury; to sum- mon witne es. Tho by-gan Grace to go with Peers the Plouhman, And consailede hym and Conscience the comune to someny. Piers Plowman (C), xxii. 214. Some trumpet summon hither to the walls These men of Angiers. Shak ., K. John, ii. 1. 198. The parliament is regularly to be summoned by the king's writ or letter. Black stone , Com., I. ii. Thomas Fane married Mary, daughter of Henry, Lord Abergavenny, 1574, heir general of Abergavenny. She was summoned to the barony of Le Despenser (Dis pen sari us), 1604, and her son was created Earl of West mor land. N. and Q., 7th ser., V. 391. 2. To call; send for; ask the presence or attendance of, literally or figuratively. But the kynge leodogan ne cometh not, and all this chiualrie haue I yow somowned , and therfore I owe to haue guerdon. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), iii. 567. To summon timely sleep, he doth not need Aethyop's cold Rush, nor drowsie Poppy-seed. Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 3. Lord Lonsdale had summoned the peers to-day to addre the King not to send the troops abroad in the present conjuncture. Walpole, Letters, II. 28. 3. To call on to do some specified act; warn; especially, to call upon to surrender: as, to summon a fort. Coal-black clouds that shadow heaven's light Do summon us to part and bid good night. Summon the town. Shak., Venus and Adonis, l. 534. Shak., Cor., i. 4. 7. The Bridge being thus gained, the Duke of Exeter was sent, and with him Windsor the Herald, to summon the Citizens to surrender the Town. Baker , Chronicles, p. 173. 4. To arouse; excite into action or exertion; raise: with up. Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood. Shak., Hen. V., iii. 1. 7. Do we remember how the great teacher of thanksgiving summons up every one of his faculties to a ist him in it? Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, I. 1. =Syn. 1 and 2. Invite, Convoke, etc. (see call1 ), convene, a emble. summont (sum'on), n. [ summons. I have, quod he, a so mon a unce of a bille. Chaucer , Friar's Tale (Harl. MS.), 1. 288. summoner (sum'on-er), n. [Formerly also sumner; somnour , somp IMG:content-2462.png:[blocks in formation] summons (sum'onz), n.; pl. summonses (-ez). [ most a ), a summons, admonition, orig. fem. of semons, pp. of somoner, semondre, summon: see summon, v.] 1. A call, especially by authority or the command of a superior, to appear at a place named, or to attend to some public duty; an invitation, request, or order to go to or appear at some place, or to do some other specified thing; a call with more or le earnestne or insistence. Music, give them their summons. B. Jonson, Cynthia's Revels, v. 2. As when the Master's summons came. Whittier , Lucy Hooper. That same day summonses were i ued to fifty gentlemen to receive knighthood, in anticipation of the king's coronation. J. Gairdner, Rich. III., ii. Then flew in a dove, And brought a summons from the sea. Tennyson, In Memoriam, ciii. 2. In law, a call by authority to appear in a court or before a judicial officer; also, the document by which such call is given; a citation to appear before a judge or magistrate. Specifically ( a ) A writ calling on a defendant to cause an appearance to the action to be entered for him within a certain time after service, in default whereof the plaintiff may proceed to judgment and execution. (b) A notice of application to a judge at chambers, whether at law or in equity. (c) A citation summoning a person to appear before a police magistrate or bench of justices, or before a master or referee in a civil case. (d) In Scots law , a writ i uing from the Court of Se ion in the sovereign's name, or, if in a sheriff court, in the name of the sheriff, setting forth the grounds and conclusions of an action, and containing a warrant or mandate to me engers-at-arms or sheriff officers to cite the defender to appear in court. 3. Milit., a call to surrender. - Omnibus summons, a name sometimes given in present English practice to an order or proce of the court calling the parties in for directions of an interlocutory nature: an expedient intended to supersede or merge in one application to the court the various incidental motions which under the former practice might be made succe ively. Origi nal summons, in modern English practice, a summons by which proceedings are commenced without a writ. A proceeding so commenced is, however, sometimes deemed an action.-Privileged summonses. See privilege. summons (sum'onz), v. t. [ Swift, to Mrs. Johnson, March 22, 1711-12. (Seager's [Supp. to Johnson.) On behalf of "I'll summons you" it may be urged that it is not thereby intended to use the verb to summon, but the noun summons in its verb form, just as people also say, "I'll county court you." N. and Q., 7th ser., VII. 47L summula (sum'ū-lä), n.; pl. summulæ (-lē). A small tractate giving a compend of a part of a science. The Summulæ Logic a les of Petrus His pan us constituted the common medieval text-book of logic. It was written about the middle of the thirteenth century by the doctor who afterward became Pope John XXL. It is noticeable for the number of mnemonic verses it contains, and for its original development of the Parva Logical i a. summulist (sum'u-list), n. A commentator of the Summulæ Logic a les of Petrus His pan us. summum bonum (sum'um bō'num). [L.: summum, neut. of summus, highest (see sum1 ); bo num, neut. of bonus, good: see bonus.] The chief or highest good. sumnert (sum'ner), n. An obsolete form of summoner. Sumner's method. In nav., the method of finding a ship's position at sea by the projec Sumner's method 6057 sun a Mercat or's chart: so called from the navigator who first published it, in 1843. sumoom (su-möm′), n. Same as simoom .