Died 117 в

с. King of Egypt. He was a younger brother of Ptolemy VI., on whose death in 146 he usurped the throne, putting to death the legitimate heir. (For Ptolemy VII.'s history previous to this event, see Pelled from Alexandria by the Ptolemy VIII., surnamed Soter ('Saviour') or Philometor, also called Lathyrus. Died 81 B. c. King of Egypt, son of Ptolemy VII. Physcon, on whose death in 117 he ascended the throne conjointly with his mother Cleopatra. He was in 107 expelled from Egypt by Cleopatra, who raised her favorite son Ptolemy IX. Alexander to the throne in populace in 130, but recovered his capital 127. his stead. He succeeded, however, in maintaining himself in Cyprus, which he held as an independent kingdom, until the death of his mother in 89, wlien he was recalled by the Alexandrians, who had in the meantime expelled his brother . Ptolemy XI., surnamed Neus Dionysus and Auletes ('Flute-player'). Died 51 B. C. King of Egypt, illegitimate son of Ptolemy VIII. Lathyrus. He succeeded to the throne on the extinc tion of the legitimate line of the Ptolemies in 80 B. C. He was expelled by the populace in 58, but was restored by the Romans in 55. Ptolemy XII. Died in 48 or 47 B. c. King of Egypt, son of Ptolemy XI. Auletes. He ascended the throne in 51 conjointly with his sister Cleopatra, whom he expeiled in 49. The reinstatement of Cleopatra by Cæsar in 48 gave rise to war. Ptolemy was defeated on the Nile, and was drowned in the flight. Ptolemy. Died 40 A. D. King of Mauretania, the son of Juba II. and grandson of Antony and Cleopatra. He was summoned to Rome and put to death by Caligula (40 A. D.), whose cupidity had been excited by his great wealth. IMG:content-0947.png:[blocks in formation] Pueblo (pweb'lo). The capital of Pueblo County, Colorado, situated on the Arkansas River 106 miles south of Denver. It has manufactures of iron, steel, and lead. Pop. (1900), 28,157. Ptolemy, L. Claudius Ptolemæus (kla'di-us tol-e-mē'us). Born at Alexandria: flourished in the first half of the 2d century A. D. A cele- Pueblo Indians. See Keresan , Tañoan , Tusayan, brated Alexandrian astronomer, geographer, and Zuñian . and mathematician. He "built up a mathematical system of astronomy and geography which was universally received until, in the course of the 16th and 17th centuries, the system of Copernicus displaced it. Ptolemy believed that the sun, planets, and stars revolved round the earth. His error in calculating the circumference of the globe warranted Columbus in supposing that the distance from the western coast of Europe to the eastern coast of Asia was about one third le than it actually is; and thus encour aged the enterprise which led to the discovery of America" (Jebb). His recorded observations (at Canopus) extend from 127 to 151 A. D. His astronomical and mathematical work is contained in the "Syntax is," called by the Arabs "Almagest" (which see). Puans. See Winnebago . Publilian Laws (pub-lil'i-an lâz). 1. In Roman history, a law pa ed about 471 B. C., through the efforts of the tribune Publilius Volero. It transferred the election of tribunes from the centuries to the comitia tributa, and its pa age marked the conce ion of the right of initiating legislation to the plebeians. 2. Laws proposed by Publilius Philo 339 (338?) B. C. They provided that one censor must be a plebeian; that pleb is cit a (laws pa ed by the comitia tributa) should apply to all citizens; and that laws presented to the cen turies should be previously approved by the cur iæ. Publius (pub'li-us). The pseudonym of Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison in their papers in the "Federalist.” Pucelle (pi-sel'), La. [F., 'The Maid.'] The surname given to Joan of Arc. Pucelle, La. 1. An epic by Chapel a in. Half of it was published in 1656, after being heralded for twenty years. It was ridiculed, and the other half was not printed. 2. A burlesque epic by Voltaire, published in 1762. He denied the authorship authorship for some years. Puck (puk). A playful, mischievous elf in folklore: otherwise Robin Goodfellow, Will-o'-the Wisp, etc. Shakspere introduces him in the "Midsummer Night's Dream "as a household fairy, the jester to King Oberon, and he plays many pranks in the wood near Puelches (pö-al-chās'). ['Eastern people.'] Indians of the Pampean or Araucanian stock, in the western part of the Argentine Republic, north of the Rio Negro (territories of Rio Negro, Los Andes, and Pampa). They are probably the same as the Querendis, a formidable tribe which opposed the first settlers of Buenos Ayres. (See Querendis .) At present they do not number more than 3,000, but their fighting force is often increased by their alliance with the Araucanians of Chile. Until within a few years they have been hostile to the whites, and they are still dangerous neighbors of the settlers. They are somewhat wandering in their habits. This is one of the tribes called Pampas. Puente de Calderon (pwen ́tā dā käl-dā-rōn'). [Sp., 'bridge of Calderon.'] A place about 30 miles east of the city of Guadalajara, Mexico, where the highroad from Lagos cro es the river Santiago. Here the royalist forces (6,000) under Calleja defeated the revolutionists (said to have numbered 80,000) under Hidalgo Jan. 17, 1811. The victory was largely due to an accident by which the long gra was set on fire in front of Hidalgo's army, forcing it to retreat in confusion. This battle decided the failure of the first attempt to make Mexico independent. Puerto Bello. See Porto Bello . Puerto Cabello (kä-Bel'yō). A seaport in the state of Carabobo, bo, Venezuela, situated on the Caribbean Sea in lat. 10° 29′ N., long. 68° 1' W. It is noted for its fine harbor, and exports exp cof fee, etc. Population (1892), about 11,000. Puerto Cortés (pwär'tō kōrkōr-tās'), or Puerto Caballos (kä-Bäl'yōs), or Port Cortez (port kôrtez). A place in Honduras, situated on the Bay of Honduras about 100 miles north of Comayagua. It is a railway terminus. Puerto de Santa Maria (sän'tä mä-rē'ä), or El Puerto (el pwer'tō). A seaport in the province of Cadiz, Spain, situated at the entrance of the Guadalete into the Bay of Cadiz, 8 miles northeast of Cadiz. It exports sherry. Population (1887), 20,590. Puerto d'España. See Port of Spain . Athens. In "Faust" Goethe introduces him as a pervading, whimsical, perverse element rather than as an individual. The tricksy nature of Shakspere's Puck harmonizes better with the etymology. Puck came to England with the Puerto Lamar. See Cobija . Scand in avian or Danish settlers. "Puki in old Norse was Puerto Mahon. See Port Mahon . adevil, usually a wee devil. His Danish name was Pokker. he was Puca or Pwca. He is Pug when Pug is an imp's name, and Bug in the sense of hobgoblin, bug bear, and humbug." Morley . The character of Puck, or, as he is properly called, Robin Goodfellow, is literally no other than our own "guter in German the word "Rüpel" is derived, the only one by which we can give the idea of the English clown, the very part which, in Shakespeare, Puck plays in the kingdom of the fairies. This belief in fairies was far more diffused through Scand in a via than through England;; and Knecht Ruprecht"; and it is curious that from this name again in Scotland and England it was far more actively developed than in Germany. Robin Goodfellow especially, of whom we hear in England as early as the thirteenth century, was a favourite in popular traditions, and to his name all the cunning tricks were imputed which we relate of Eulenspiegel and other nations of others. Gervinus , Shakespeare Commentaries (tr. by F. E. Bun[nett, ed. 1880), p. 194. Pückler-Muskau (pük'ler-mös'kou), Prince Hermann Ludwig He in rich von. Born at Muskau, Silesia, Pru ia, Oct. 30, 1785: died at Puerto Montt (mont). A seaport, capital of the province of Llanquihue, Chile, situated at the head of the Bay of Reloncavi, about lat. 41° 30′ S. Population (1885), 2,787. Puerto Plata (plä'tä), or Porto Plata (por'to plätä). A seaport situated on the northern coast of the Dominican Republic, 110 miles northwest of Santo Domingo, West Indies. Population, about 4,000. Puerto Príncipe (pren'the-pā), or Ciudad del Príncipe (the-ö-THäTH' del pren'the-pā). Acity in Cuba, situated about lat. 21° 24' N., long. 77° 55′ W. It has considerable trade and manufac- tures. Population (1899), 25,102. Puerto Real (rā-äl'). A town in the province of Cadiz, Spain, situated on the Bay of Cadiz 7 miles east of Cadiz. Population (1887), 9,694. Puerto Rico. See Porto Rico. Pueyrredon (pwa-e-rā-THōn'), Juan Martin. Branitz, Brandenburg, Pru ia, Feb. 4, 1871. A Born about 1780: died near Buenos Ayres, 1845. German writer of travels. He wrote "Briefe eines Verstorbenen" ("Letters of One deceased," 1830), "Semi la os vorletzter Weltgang" ("Semi la o's Last Journey but One Around the World," 1835), "Semi la o in Afrika" (1836), "Aus Mehemed-Alis Reich" (1844), etc. Pudding (pud'ing), Jack. A clown in English folk-lore. He corresponds to Pickelhering, Hans wurst, etc. Pudding Pudding River Indians. See Ahantchuyuk . Pudsey (pud'si). A town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, 7 miles west of Leeds. Population Population (1891), 13,444. Pudukota (pö-dö-kot'ä), or Tondiman (ton'di- man). A native state of India, tributary to Great Britain, intersected by lat. 10° 30′ N., long. 78° 45′ E. Puebla (pweb'lä). 1. A state of Mexico, surrounded by Vera Cruz, Oajaca, Guerrero, More los, Mexico, Tlascala, and Hidalgo. Area, 12,204 square miles. Population (1895), 979,723.-2. The capital of the state of Puebla, 76 miles southeast of Mexico: in full, La Puebla de los Angeles. It is the second city in the republic in population, has thriving manufactures and trade, and contains a cathédral many religious establishments. It was founded in 1532. In 1855-58 it was the scene of several revolts by An Argentine general and politician. He was supreme director or president of the United Provinces from July, 1816, to June, 1819, when he resigned. It was owing to his cordial support of San Martin that Chile was conquered by the patriots. Pufendorf (pö'fen-dorf), Baron Samuel von. Born near Chemnitz, Saxony, Jan. 8, 1632: died at Berlin, Oct. 26, 1694. A celebrated German jurist, publicist, and historian, profe or succe ively at Heidelberg and at Lund, and historiographer in Sweden and in Brandenburg. His chief work is "De jure naturæ et gentium" ("On the Law of Nature and Nations," 1672). He also wrote "Element a jurisprudent iæ universal is" (1660), "De statu imperii Germanic i" ("On the Condition of the German Empire," 1667), "De rebus Suecicis" ("On Swedish History," 1676), a history of the Great Elector (1695), etc. Puff (puf). 1. A bustling and impudent literary humbug in Sheridan's "Critic." He is the author of the tragedy rehearsed in the play, and past master in the art of puffing. A character in a joint humorous of composition of Sheridan and his schoolfellow Halhed was 2. A publisher and vender of quack medicine in Foote's "Patron."-3. A humbugging auctioneer in Foote's "Taste." -4. A cowardly servant in Garrick's "Mi in her Teens." Puget (pü-zhā'), Pierre. Born at Marseilles, 1622: died 1694. A French painter, sculptor, engineer, and architect. In 1657 he designed and executed the Porte de Ville at Toulon, his first celebrated architectural composition: the caryatids of this gate are among the cla ics of French sculpture. He also built the IMG:content-0948.png:[blocks in formation] the Pullman Manufacturing Company. Population, about 11,000. Pulo-Condor (pöʻlō-kon-dor'), or Condore (kondōr'), or Candore (kän-dor'), F. Poulo-Condore (pö-lōʻkôn-dōr'). A group of small islands in the China Sea, situated about lat. 8° 40′ N., long. 106°40′ E. They have belonged to France since 1862. Pulo-Penang. See Penang. Halle au Poi on, Hospice de Charité, and many fine build- ings in Marseilles. To this period belongs the Hercules Pultava. See Pultowa . Gaulois in the Louvre. After 1669 he executed his three Pulteney (pult'ni), William, Earl of Bath. principal works of sculpture: the Perseus and Andromeda, Born 1684: died July 7, 1764. An English states- Milo of Croton a, and the bas-relief of Alexander and Dio genes now in the Louvre. The Milo of Croton a is his best work. It represents that athlete caught in a split tree-trunk while a lion attacks him from behind. This was finished in 1682, and in 1683 placed in the garden of Versailles: it is now in the Louvre (Salle de Puget). List Puget (pū'jet) Sound. An arm of the Pacific, penetrating into the State of Washington southward from the Strait of Juan de Fuca, by which it is connected with the Pacific. It is divided into Puget Sound proper in the south and Admiralty Inlet in the north. It is noted for its depth and its fine harbors. Seattle and Tacoma are on its shores. Total length in straight line, about 80 miles. Pughe (pū), William Owen. Born at Tyn y Bryn, Wales, Aug. 7, 1759: died June 4, 1835. A Welsh antiquary. He published a Welsh- English dictionary (1793–1803), and with others "Myvyrian Arch a i ology" (1801-07).