crocoxanthin

[Lat.crocus, and Gr. zan Chem.: A yellow coloring matter, occurring in the flowers of Crocus lute us. It is not acted on by acids or bases. It is soluble in water and in alcohol, but from Greece in the same year, may not be distinct; nor may C. aureus , the Small Yellow Crocus, also from Greece. C. lagenæflor us, another Greek spe- cies, has red-yellow, pale-yellow, and more typical yellow varieties. C. vernus is the Common Purple or White Spring Crocus. C. sativus is an autumnal plant, brought from the East. It has long been cultivated for its long reddish-orange drooping stig- mas, which when dried become the saffron of the shops. According to Gu one C. odor us furnishes Sicilian saffron. "A certain young gentleman, called Crocus, went to plaie at coits in the field with Mercurie, and being heedle e of himselfe, Mercurie's coit happened by mishap to hit him on the head, whereby he received a wound that yer long killed him alto git her, to the great discomfort of his friends. Final lie, in the place where he bled, saffron was after found to grow, whereupon the people seeing the color of the chiue as it stood (although I doubt not but it grew there before), adjudged it to come of the blood of Crocus , and therefore they gave it his name."-Holinshed: Eng- land, ch. viii. "I knew a Scottish peasant who po e ed A few small crofts of stone encumbered ground." Words worth: Excursion, bk. v. They shall dung no part of their former crofting , till these four new breaks are brought in."-Maxwell: Sel. Trans., p. 316. (Jamie son.) 3. Exposing linen on the gra to the influence of air and sunshine, after being bucked or soaked in an alkaline lye. *croich-lies, s. pl . [Etym. doubtful.] A disease affecting the cattle on the coast of Moray, Scotland, and described as peculiar to that district. "The only name by which it is any where known is the croichlys. At first one apprehends a dislocation, or other cause of lamene , in the hip-joint. While attending to that, the other leg is discovered to be in the same state, and in a short time the lamene appears in all the legs." -Agr . Surv . Nairn and Moray , p. 316. *croil, s. [Dut. kriel .] A dwarf, a crooked per- son. "He said he was a lichelus bul, That croynd even day and nycht." IMG:content-1353.png:[blocks in formation] A crusade. *crбіş-ěy, *croysey, s. [Fr. croisé =a crusader.) the invention of the Holy Cro by the Empre Ch. Hist .: A religious order, founded in honor of Helena. They followed the rule of St. Augustine. In England they obtained the name of Crouched Friars or Crutched Friars (q. v.). ( Staunton .) of or dealer in saffron. *crō-ker, s . [Eng. croc (us); -er.] A cultivator "The crokers , or saffron-men land , c. 8. IMG:content-1354.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1355.png:[blocks in formation] "Like the rich croisade on th' imperial ball." Zouch: Dove , 1,618. *croise (1), *croisee, s . [Fr. croisé =a crusader, from croix =a cro .] 1. A pilgrim who carried a cro . 2. A crusader; a soldier fighting against infidels under the banner of the cro . "The clergy, whose wealth and policy enabled them to take advantage of the nece ity and weakne of the croises, were generally the purchasers of both."- Burke : *croise, v . t . [Fr. croiser.] To brand with the mark of the cro ; to mark in any way with a cro . [CROSS.] "Himself the first was croised on his flesch." Langtoft , p. 226. crois-ant, *crois-sant, a. & s. [CRESCENT, a.] *A. As adj .: Increasing. "So often as she [the Moone] is seene westward after night onely, she is croisant , and in her first quarter."- the sunne is gone downe, and shineth the forepart of the Holland: Pliny , bk. xviii., c. 32. IMG:content-1356.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1357.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1358.png:[blocks in formation] 13. A man who talks and acts like an old woman. "A few old batter'd crones of office."- Disraeli . cron-ique (ique as ēk), s . [O. Fr.) A chronicle. IMG:content-1359.png:[ocr errors] "As the cronique telleth,."-Gower, i. 31. cron'-sted-tite, s . [Sw. & Ger.cronstedtit . Named after A. Fr. Cronstedt, a Swedish mineralogist and chemist.] Min .: A brilliantly vitreous mineral, crystallizing in hexagonal prisms or in diverging sub-cylindrical or reniform groups, or amorphous. The hardne is 3.5, the specific gravity 33; the color black, but with a dark olive-green streak. Composition: Sil ica, 21-23; sesquioxide of iron, 29-35; protoxide of iron, 27-58; oxide of maganese, 1-5; magnesia, 3-4; water, 10-11. Found in Cornwall, England, also in Bohemia. ( Dana .) crō-nỹ, crō-nie, s. [Crony and crone were originally only different ways of writing the same word.] [CRONE.] 1. A crone. "Marry not an old crony or a fool for money."-Burton. (Trench: English Past and Present, pp. 64, 65.) 2. An intimate friend, an a ociate. "My name is fun-your cronie dear, The nearest friend ye ha'e." Burns: The Holy Fair. Jacobite Relics , i. 45. 2. To hum a song. Tanna hill : Poems, p. 159. A. Ordinary Language: I. Literally: 1. A crooked, bent, or curved instrument. Used: (1) Of a hook. "In goith the grapenel so ful of crokes ." "Quen corne is coruen with crokes kene." E. Eng. Allit . Poems; Pearl, 40. *II. Figuratively : 1. A curve, a bend, a meander, a turning. "My wife ensued, through lanes and crokes and darknes most we past." Phaer.: Virgil's Æneid , bk. ii. 2. A bow, a kneeling before any one. "Hee is the now court-god, and well applyed With sacrifice of knees, of crooks and cringe." Ben Jonson: Sejanus, act i. 3. A halt. 4. A trick, deceit, a trap. "Hy were a hreynt in her crook." IMG:content-1360.png:[blocks in formation] A lisa under, 4,819. forthwith led Unto the crooke ." Spenser: F. Q., V. v. 18. B. Technically: 1194 1. Domestic: The iron chain with its hooks on which ve els for cooking are hung over the fire. "They're now as black as the crook."-Scott: Bride of Lammer moor, ch. xxxv. 2. Music : A short tube, either straight or curved, adapted for insertion between the mouthpiece and the body of the horn, trumpet, or cornet-à-piston, for the purpose of altering the key. ( Stainer & Barrett .) 3. Eccles.: The pastoral staff of a bishop or abbot, fashioned like a shepherd's crook, and ornamented with jewels, carvings, . "For er the bishop hent hem with his crook They weren in the archedeken's book." Chaucer: The Frere's Tale , v. 6,900. A bishop's crook is exactly of the same form as the lituus, or crooked wand of the old Roman augurs. It is not the same as a CROZIER (q. v.). (1) By hook or by crook: By some means or other; by fair means or foul. (2) Crooks and bands : The hooks and staples used for hinges. The crook is the iron hook fixed in stone or in a wooden door-post on which the band turns. crook-back, s . A crook-backed person; one who has a crooked or deformed back. "Nay, take away this scolding crook - back rather." Shakesp.: Henry VI., Pt . III ., v. 5. crook-backed, crook-backt, adj . Having a crooked or deformed back. "Or crook - backt , or a dwarf,."- Lev . xxi. 20. *crook-headed, a . With a curved or bent face. (Curvifrons; Withal , ed. 1688, p. 92.)