coccyodynia (koksiodinia)

[NL., irreg. coccyx (kok's iks), n.; pl. coccyges (kok-si'jēz). [NL., 1075 cut under skeleton.-2. In comp. an at. and zool., the caudal vertebræ, when few and small, or ankylosed together; the bony tail itself, when short, as in a bird. Cochlear i a or, and are collected twice a year, after they have been fecundated and have laid eggs sufficient for a new brood. They are killed by spreading them upon heated plates, by putting them in ovens, or by immersing them in boiling water or exposing them to its vapor. Those killed by heat cyzus + -ina.] A subfamily of cuckoos, of the family Cuculidæ, typified by the genus Coccyzus, containing several other genera, as Piaya and Neomorph us, with numerous species, all confined to America. Also Coccyginæ. Coccyzus (kok-sī'zus), n. [NL. (Vieillot, 1816); also in other irreg. forms Coccygus, Coccygon, Coccyzius, Coccyzion, Coccycua, Coccyzusa, Coccyzœa, Coccysus, Coccycus, all based on Gr. кокκυξ, a cuckoo: see cuckoo.] A of American arboreal cuckoos, of the family Cuculidæ and subfamily Coccyzina. They have a moderately curved beak, wide at the base and compre ed beyond it, Yellow-billed Cuckoo ( Coccyzus american us). long pointed wings, a long graduated tail of 10 feathers, and very smooth silky plumage. The genus contains the common yellow-billed and black-billed tree-cuckoos of the United States, C. american us and C. erythrophthalmus, the mangrove-cuckoo of the West Indies and Florida, C. sen i culus, and several other species. These cuckoos are not strictly parasitic like the European species, but occasionally lay their eggs in the nests of other birds. coch. In med, and phar., an abbreviation of Latin cochleare, a spoon or spoonful. cocheringt, n. An obsolete form of coshering. (ko'chin), n. [ va ing to the Asiatic cla , or a specimen of this variety. There are black, buff, cuckoo, and white cochins, both cock and hen of each kind being of the uniform color denoted by the adjective, except that the buff cock should show a richer shade of yellow or orange in hackle, saddle, and wing-bows. The partridge cochins are either single or pea-combed, the cock being similar in coloring to a black-breasted red game-cock, except that the hackle and the saddle-feathers should be striped with glo y black, and the hen being of a rich reddish or golden-brown color, each feather distinctly penciled with dark-brown or black, The hackle of the hen is orange, striped with black, her tail black, and the wing-primaries are dark-brown or dull black. All the cochins have heavily feathered legs and short tails, and all have the legs yellow, except the black cochins, which have them black or nearly so. cochin-china (ko'chin-chi'nä), n. and a. A term formerly applied to a large kind of domestic hen which was imported from Cochin-China. From these fowls, which had no constant characteristics of color, form, etc., have been bred the varieties called brahma and cochin. Cochin-Chinese (kō'chin-chi-nēs" or -nēz"), a. and n. I. a. Of or belonging to Cochin-China. II. n. 1. sing. and pl. An inhabitant or inhabitants of Cochin-China, properly the name of a division of the old kingdom or empire of Annam in Further India, but taken as the general name of the region now divided between the po e ions of France and its protectorate Annam.-2. The language of the people of Cochin-China; Annamese. cochineal (koch'i-nēl or koch-i-nēl'), n. [Early mod. E. also cutcha neal; =D. konzenilje G. Dan. cochenille =Sw. kochenill = F.cochenille It.cocciniglia = Pg. coccinella, nill a, cochineal, is by some referred to cochin ill a, a wood-louse (to which the cochineal-insect has some resemblance), dim. of cochin a, a sow, fem. of cochino, a pig; cf. E. dial. sow - bug, woodlouse.] 1. A dyestuff consisting of the dried bodies of a species of insects, the Coccus cacti, found upon several species of Opuntia and other Cactaceæ, especially O. Tuna, O. Ficus - Indica, and Nopalea cochin ill if era. It colors a brilliant crimson, which is changed by acids to an orange-red and by alkalis to violet; a brilliant scarlet dye is prepared from it. The cacti upon which the insect lives, bearing the general name of nopal, are extensively cultivated as food the finest; they are called zacatilla. Those from ovens are next in value; they are of an ash-gray ( blanco or silver white) color, and are called silver cochineal, or jaspeada. Those killed by water or vapor are of a reddish-brown color, and are the least valuable. The fragments, dust, and impurities from cochineal are collected and used as an adulterant, under the name of granilla. The finest grade often goes by the name of mestica or mesteque, and is exported in large quantities from Honduras. Besides the finer grades, which are cultivated insects, a considerable trade is carried on in inferior or wild insects; they are scarcely more than half the size of the cultivated species, and are covered with a cot I tony down which adds a usele bulk. Good cochineal has the appearance of small, deep brown-red, somewhat purplish grains, wrinkled acro the back with parallel furrows, intersected in the middle by a longitudinal one. The coloring principle obtained from cochineal is carminic acid. (See carmine, 3.) East Indi an cochineals, so called, are smooth glistening black grains, size.) of no value; they are used to adulterate the genuine, which are easily distinguishable from them. IMG:content-0714.jpg:[graphic] Female Cochineal ( Coccus cacti ); dried specimen of com merce. (Line shows natural 2. The insect which produces the dyestuff known by the same name. See def. 1. Cochineal fig. See fig. - Cochineal paste. See extract. Cochineal paste is obtained by placing 10 lbs. of Honduras cochineal in a ve el, and adding 30 lbs. of ammonia water (17° B.), stirring the mixture well. The ve el should be covered with a cloth, and allowed to stand for a few days. The ve el is then to be immersed in boiling water, in order to evaporate the superfluous ammonia; when the evaporation is complete the mixture is ready to be used [for dyeing]. W. Crookes, Dyeing and Calico-printing, p. 88. cochlea (kok'lē-ä), n.; pl. cochleæ (-ē). [ML. (NL.), in man and most other mammals resembles a snail-shell; hence the name. In the petrous bone a canal winds about a central conical pillar of bone, the modiolus, and contains a hollow proce of the membranous labyrinth; the latter follows the turns of the canal nearly to the top. To these structures taken together the name of cochlea is given. The proce of the membranous labyrinth is triangular in cro -section, with its base applied to the outer wall of the canal and the apex attached to a spiral crest of bone, the lamina spiral is o ea, projecting from the inner side of the canal. It thus separates the bony canal into two portions, in addition to its own lumen, the scala vestibuli above and the scala tympani below. The lumen of the proce itself is called the canal is cochlear is, its floor is called the basilar membrane, and its roof the membrane of Rei ner. Its cavity is connected with the sacculus by the canal is reuniens. The e ential structures of the cochlea, the rods of Corti and the hair-cells, are on the upper side of the basilar membrane, and to them is distributed the cochlear branch of the auditory nerve. See cut under ear.-Aquæduct us cochleæ. See aquæduct us.