prolepsis (prolepsis)

[L. prolepsis, A certain anticipation of the gods, which he calls a pro leps is, a certain preventive, or fore conceived information of a thing in the mind. J. Howe, Works, I. 22. (c) In rhet .: (1) A name sometimes applied to the use of an adjective (or a noun) as objective predicate (see predicate ), as if implying an anticipation of the result of the verb's action. (2) A figure consisting in anticipation of an opponent's objections and arguments in order to preclude his use of them, answer them in advance, or prepare the reader to receive them unfavorably. This figure is most frequently used in the exordium. Also called proc at a leps is . (d) An error in chronology, consisting in dating an event before the actual time of its occurrence; an anachronism. Mr. Erring ton, called Lord Erring ton in the dispatches, by a prolepsis we suppose. The American , VI. 87. proleptic (pro-lep'tik), a . [ πρόληψις , an anticipation: see prolepsis .] 1. Pertaining to prolepsis or anticipation; anticipatory; antecedent. Far different and far nobler was the hard simplicity and noble self-denial of the Baptist. It is by no idle fancy that the med iæval painters represent him as emaciated by a proleptic asceticism. Farrar , Life of Christ, viii. Specifically-( a ) In med .: (1) Anticipating the usual time: noting a periodical disease whose paroxysm returns at an earlier hour at every recurrence. (2) Prognostic. (b) In rhet ., implying prolepsis. 2. Axiomatic; of the nature of prolepsis. To lead him by induction through a series of propositions depending upon and orderly deduced from your first proleptick principles. Parker , Platonic Philosophy. proleptical (pro-lep'ti-kal), a . [ proleptic + -al.] Same as proleptic . So that our knowledge here is not after singular bodies, or secondarily or derivatively from them; but in order of nature, before them, and proleptical to them. Cudworth, Intellectual System, p. 732. proleptically (pro-lep'ti-kal-i), adv. [ The particle has also the power of indicating prolepti cally in the subordinate clause that the principal one will spring from it. Amer . Jour . Philol ., VI. 46. proleptics (prō-lep'tiks), n. [Pl. of proleptic (see- ics ).] The art or science of prognosticating in medicine. Imp . Dict. proles (prōʻlēz), n. [L., offspring, progeny, proletaire (pro-le-tar'), a. and n. [F. prolé taire: see proletary.] Same as proletarian. These ancestors of Roman prelates were poor dirty pro letaires, without distinction, without manners. [L. prole E. Renan , Hibbert Lectures, 1880 (tr. by C. Beard), ii. The plant is the ideal prolétaire of the living world, the worker who produces. Huxley , An. and Veg. Kingdoms. pro let air ism (prō-le-tar'izm), n . [ proletaire + -ism .] Same as proletarianism . pro let a neo us (prō-le-tā'nē-us), a . tane us , equiv. to prole tar i us : see proletary .] Having a numerous offspring. [Rare.] proletarian (pro-le-ta'ri-an), a . and n. letary + -an.] I. a. Of or belonging to the lower cla es; hence, mean; vile; vulgar. Low proletarian tything men. [ pro S. Butler, Hudibras, I. i. 720. II. n. A member of the poorest cla of a community; one who is without capital or regular employment. We have considered the forcible creation of a cla of outlawed proletarians , the bloody discipline that turned them into wage-labourers. Marx , Capital (trans.), xxix. A proletarian is a person who is po e ed of labour force, and of nothing else. Westminster Rev. , CXXVI. 221. Also proletaire . proletarianism (prō-le-tāʼri-an-izm), n. [ The bourgeoisie had played a most revolutionary part in history. They had overturned feudalism, and now they had created proletarianism , which would soon swamp themselves. Rae , Contemp. Socialism, p. 129. proletarianize (pro-le-tā'ri-an-iz), v. t.; pret. and pp. proletarianized, ppr. proletarianizing. [ The large es pauperized and proletarianized the populace of the great city. Pop. Sci . Mo., XXX. 293. proletariat (prō-le-tāʼri-at), n. Same as pro letariate2 . pro let aria tel (prō-le-tā'ri-āt), a. [ IMG:content-1066.png:[blocks in formation] to the proletariate; relating to the proletarians; dance; fruitful; fertile; productive in general: proletarian. as, a prolific female; a prolific tree; prolific seed. The very efforts of philanthropy at the improvement of the proletariate cla es. The Academy , June 29, 1889, p. 441. proletariate2, proletariat (prō-le-tā'ri-āt, -at), n . [F. prolétariat , the state or condition of a proletary, prole tar i us , a proletary: see pro letary and -ate .] Proletarians collectively; a The branches, sturdy to his utmost wish, Prolific all, and harbingers of more. Cowper, Task, iii. 531. That in the capital, and in great manufacturing towns, marriages are le prolific than in the open country, we admit, and Mr. Malthus admits. Macaulay , Sadler's Ref. Refuted. prolocutorship speech, comprehension; also favorable, fortunate, courteous, etc.; prob. orig. ‘overflowing,' Evelyn, Diary, Sept. 15, 1657. With wig prolix , down flowing to his waist. Cowper , Tirocinium, 1. 361. dependent support on daily casual ployment; the lowest and poorest cla in the community. The proletariat, as the agitators delighted to call the standing cla of operatives: meaning, by this Roman term for the lowest cla in that republic, those who had only hands to work with and no laid-up capital. Woolsey, Communism and Socialism, iv. § 1. These [socialistic) doctrines had in the west [of Europe] been bred among the proletariate , the large cla of society who had no property, no stable source of income, no steady employment, and no sure hope for the morrow. Rae , Contemp. Socialism, p. 268. proletary (prōʻle-tā-ri), a . and n . [= F. prolé taire = Sp. Pg. It. pro let a rio, II. n.; pl. proletaries (-riz). A common person; one belonging to the lower orders. Of 15,000 proletaries slain in a battel, scarce fifteen are recorded in history. Burton, Anat. of Mel., To the Reader, p. 33.