ventilation (ventil ash on)

[F. ventil a tion = Sp. ventil a cion = Pg. ventil ação = It. ven til azione, The soil, worn with too frequent culture, must lie fallow for a while, till it has recruited its exhausted salts, and again enriched itself by the ventilations of the air. Add is on, Freeholder, No. 40. 2. The act or proce of replacing foul or vitiated air, in any confined space, with pure air; the theory, method, or practice of supplying buildings, ships, mines, chimneys, air-shafts, IMG:content-1769.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1770.png:[blocks in formation] spinal column; the cœliac axis branches ven- trad of the aorta. ventral (ven'tral), a . and n. [ ventral = Sp. Pg. ventral = It. ventrale , ventral is , of or pertaining to the belly or stomach, venter , belly, stomach: see venter2 .] I. a. 1. In an at . and zool .: (a) Of or pertaining to the venter, in any sense; forming a venter; contained in a venter; having a venter; hollowed out like a venter; bellying; abdominal; uterine: as, ven- tral walls or cavities; ventral viscera; the ven- tral surface of the ilium or scapula; ventral fins. (b) Placed ventrad in the body; situated on the side or aspect of the body opposite the dorsal or back aspect; anterior or inferior; hemal.- 2. In bot . , belonging to the anterior surface of anything: as, a ventral suture, which is the line running down the front of a carpel on the side next the axis: the opposite of dorsal . - Ventral chord, in entom ., the ventral nervous chord with its gan- glia. -Ventral fin, in ichth . , a ventral. See II., 1. -Ven- tral folds, in Tunic at a , upstanding margins of the sides of the ventral groove. - Ventral groove, in Tunic at a , the hypo branchial groove, lying in the ventral median line of the branchial chamber; the endostyle. - Ventral her- nia, a hernia traversing the abdominal wall at any point other than the groin or umbilicus. - Ventral lam inæ, in embryol. See lamina.- Ventral medulla, the ven- tral ganglionic chain of the sympathetic system. Gegen baur , Comp. Anat. (trans.), p. 150.- Ventral oars. See oar1.- Ventral o ifications, bones developed in the walls of the belly of some mammals (as marsupials) and many reptiles. See cuts under Ichthyosauri a and Plesiosau- rus. Ventral segment, in acoustics , same as loop1 , 3. II. n. 1. In ichth ., a ventral fin; one of the posterior or pelvic pair of fins, corresponding to the hind limbs of higher vertebrates, and dis- ventricose (ven'tri-kōs), a . [L. venter ( ventr- ), belly, + -ic + -ose.] 1. Having a large abdo- men; corpulent.-2. In bot . , swelling out in the middle; swelling unequally, or inflated on one side; distended; inflated; bellied: as, a ventricose corolla or perianth.-3. In conch., ventricous. See ventricous , 1 (b). ventricous (ven'tri-kus), a. [ ventr- ), belly, + -ic + -ous.] 1. In zoöl . and an at .: (a) Bellying; resembling a belly; swelled spective of their actual position: as, ventrals thoracic or jugular. Abbreviated V. or v.-2. In entom., one of the segments of the abdomen as seen from beneath, especially in Coleoptera . They are distinguished as first, second, etc., counting backward. See urite , uromere . ventral is (ven-tra ́lis), n.; pl. ventrales (-lez). [NL.: see ventral .] In ichth ., a ventral fin. ventrally (ven'tral-i), adv . In a ventral situa- tion or direction; on or toward the belly; with respect to the venter. ventral most (ven'tral-most), a. Nearest to body. ventral wards (ven'tral-ward, "Magister artis venter," says Persius, the art of ac- curate timekeeping is ventric. Mortimer Collins , Thoughts in my Garden, I. 41. IMG:content-1771.png:[blocks in formation] ventrículo = Pg. ventriculo = It. ventricolo , ventriculus , belly, stomach, ventricle (sc. cord is , of the heart), dim. of venter , stomach: see ven- ter2.] 1. The belly; the stomach. IMG:content-1772.png:[blocks in formation] 3. In an at . and zoöl . , some small cavity of the body; a hollow part or organ; a ventriculus: variously applied. - Chylific ventricle. See chylific . Cornua of the ventricles of the brain. See cornu . - Hypoarian ventricle. See hypoarian.- Olfactory ventricle, a cavity in the olfactory lobe of the brain, con- tinuous with the lateral ventricle. It exists normally in the fetus, but is only occasionally found in the adult. - Pineal ventricle. See pineal. - Sylvian ventricle. See Sylvian2.-Ventricle of Arantius, that part of the fourth ventricle of the brain which extends down into the spinal cord and forms the upper part of the central canal. - Ven- tricle of the cerebellum, the fourth ventricle of the brain; the metepicœlia. - Ventricle of the corpus cal- losum, a furrow between the upper surface of the great transverse commi ure of the brain and the gyrus forni- cat us, or lip of each hemisphere, which rests upon the corpus callosum. - Ventricle of the larynx, a fo a on geal pouch, or sacculus laryngis. - Ventricles of the brain, a series of connecting cavities, containing fluid, within the brain, continuous with the central cavity of the spinal cord. They are the remains of the original neural canal, formed by a folding over of the epiblast. The lateral ventricles are found one in each hemisphere; they communicate with each other and with the third ven tricle through the foramen of Monro. The third ventri- cle lies between the optic thalami. It communicates with the fourth ventricle through the aqueduct of Sylvius. The fourth ventricle lies between the cerebellum and the pons and medulla. The so-called fifth ventricle, or Ventriculi tidæ (ven-trik-u-lit'i-dē), n. pl. [NL., Ventriculi tes + -idæ .] A family of fo il hexactinellid an sponges, typified by the genus Ventriculi tes . ventriculobulbous (ven-trik"ū-lō-bul'bus), a. [ ventriculus , ventricle, + bulb us , bulb.] In ichth ., pertaining to the cardiac ventricle and the aortic bulb, as the orifice between them. ventriculose (ven-trik'ū-lōs), a. [ triculosus , of the belly, L. ventriculus , belly.] In bot . , minutely ventricose. ventriculous (ven-trik'ū-lus), a. Same as ven- tricular. ventriculus (ven-trik'ū-lus), n.; pl. ventriculi (-11). [L.: see ventricle.] In an at. and zoöl ., a ventricle, in any sense; a loculus. Specifically -(a) The true stomach or proper digestive cavity of some animals, as birds and insects. See proventriculus . (b) In sponges, the general interior space or body-cavity, as in Ascetta. See cut under sponge . - Ventriculus bulbo- sus, the muscular gizzard of a bird; the gigerium.-Ven- triculus callosus, the gizzard. - Ventriculus com- munis, the common cavity of the brain; the aula. - Ventriculus conarii. Same as rece us infra pineal is . - Ventriculus dexter, the right ventricle of the heart. - Ventriculus Galeni, the ventricle of the larynx. - Ven- triculus glandulosus. Same as proventriculus , 1.-Ven- IMG:content-1773.png:[blocks in formation] the lati ventriculus or procœlia.- -Ventriculus Morgagnii, the ventricle of the larynx. - Ventriculus olfact or i us, the olfactory ventricle; the rhinoccœlia. - Ventriculus optic us, the optic ventricle; the mesocœlia.Ventriculus quart us, the fourth ventricle, or ventricle of the cerebellum; the metacœlia (metepicœlia). - Ventriculus quint us, the fifth ventricle of the brain; the cavity of the septum lucidum; the pseudocœlia. - Ventriculus sinister, the left ventricle of the heart. Ventriculus succenturiatus, the duodenum. - Ventriculus tertius, the third ventricle of the brain; the diacœlia.-Ventriculus tricorn is, the three-horned ventricle; the lateral ventricle of the cerebrum. Also called ventriculus lateral is and, more properly, procælia.