rossignoler

To sing like(ro-sen-yo'-la) a nightingale, Fr. v. In a set or chime of bells the ring rostral (ros'-tral) Ger. n. ing of the one having the highest A music-pen: a five-pointed in str up itch first, followed by the others in ment, like a claw, used to make the rapid succe ion, the whole being lines of the staff in preparing zinc repeated several times. plates for engraving music. Equivaroundel lent to rastral and rastrum. 1. A vocal or instrumental comporota (ro'-ta) It. n. sition so called because it constantly Literally, wheel: a round, rondo or returns to the first verse. It consists any other composition with frequent usually of three verses or variations; repetitions, including some kinds of the words or music of the second and hymn-tunes. See also rote and crwth. third must rise out of the harm on i rote ously return to the first verse, which 1. A stringed instrument of the dulis complete in itself but also naturally cimer or zithern type, played like a finishes the second and third. guitar. See also crwth. 2. It may also refer merely to a 2. Also, in singing, applied to the principal phrase in a more extensive method of learning, by repeating what composition, repeated several times in another person sings instead of by alternate and contrasted phrases. The reading the notes. sonata frequently ends in a rondo. roton do (ro-ton'-do) It. adj. 3. A dance in which the participants Round; rotund; full: applied to a tone, join hands and dance in a circle. This form of dance is still seen in chilrotta (rot'-ta) It. n. dren's games. Equivalent to rondeau Rupture; fracture; breaking; breach; (Fr.) and rondo (It). rout; overthrow; consternation. roundelay rot to (rot'-to) it. adj. From the French rondel or ronde- Broken; cracked; interrupted, let. rotula (rot'-u-la) Lat. n. 1. A species of poem, song or bal- Literally, a little wheel; hence a lad of the Fourteenth Century, usually small round: applied to Christmas having thirteen lines of one rhythm and roundelays or carols. eight of another. The first line had roucouler (roo-koo-la) Fr. v. to make complete sense, as it was To coo, warble, trill, repeated at the end of each stanza, roulade (roo-lad) Fr. n. the song or poem thus moving Roll; rolling. around it. 1. A rapid succe ion of 2. The music to which such a poem on one syllable or a division notes. sung was sung. 2- A flourish or an ornamental pas- 3. A simple, rural air, the music to a rolle sage(Ger.). in instrumental music. Compare circular dance. ro"kment (rool-man) Fr. n. roves cia men to (ro-va-sha-men'-to) It. Rolling or roll of a drum or tam- Reversion: the imitation of the subbourine; the prolon n. note on the guitar,ged reiteration of around ject backwards in the answer; inversion of the leading and one of the imitating parts, an original imitating part!• A species of vocal canon whose leading off the composition, while the P"ts are in unison or are separated former leading part follows. Synooy the interval of an octave. It nym of rovescio. without a cadence and therefore the is singers continue in a circulatory man roves cio (ro-va'-sho) It. n. ner, the melody being Reversion; inversion; reverse; retmie round sometimes has inf in it e. The a harmonic rograde; or contrary motion by which acc or a panim ent called the peg an ascending interval in the theme or The subject is answered by a correspond round was very popular in England as early as the Thirteenth Century. ing descending imitating i mit a interval in the subject tion; also the of the backwards in the answer of a canon round 0rde0rr0und dance or fugue; or the reversion of the w/°£do:, a. composition written by entire composition, rendering it from Round O Minuet. 0/'ark in 1700 bears the title right to left, or by turning it upside down or exchanging the leading part 467 448 running rovescio ruff with one of the imitating parts, deruffle vices often used by the old composers (1400-1600), who so arranged the A word of unknown origin; applied music that it could be sung backwards to a low, vibrating beat of a drum or upside down, or with one part sub greatly resembling the roll but le stituted for another, for instance, the loud. It is used on certain occasions ba part being sung first and folas a mark of respect. lowed by the soprano, or the soprano Ruhepunkt (roo'-e-poonkf) Ger. n. part leading off, and the ba follow- Resting point; pause: point of reing using the same music with ^ the pose in a melody, hence a cadence. sheet reversed. Such compositions Ruhestelle (roo'-e-shtel'-le) Ger. n. bore two clefs, one of which was Ruhezeichen (roo'-e-tsl'-khen) Ger. n. inverted, and were called pieces al A rest sign; rest, pause. See also rovescio. rest. ruana A Hindu violin, ruhig (roo'-ikh) Ger. adj. and adv. 1. (adj.) Tranquil; calm; peaceful; rubato (roo-ba'-to) It. adj. Literally, robbed: used in connec- 2. (adv.) Tranquilly; calmly; gently. gentle. tion with tempo when the usual time values of the notes are disregarded ruhigGently gehend moving.(roo'-ikh kha'-ent) Ger. and the longer ones steal some of the time from the shorter ones. It is Ruhrtrommel (rur'-trom'-mel) Ger. n. A drum. No longer in use. nece ary that care be taken or the rhythm will be marred. Running Emotion; sympathy. Ger. n. (rii'-roongk) Riickfall (ruk'-fal) Ger. n. rule A back-fall: an obsolete grace, ind i- 1. Formerly applied to line. cated by a heavy oblique line or a 2. Rules in music are the result of comma over a note where a very short note a tone higher than the written observation made by qualified persons note was to be introduced, falling back of what has proved succe ful at pre to the principal note, which received vious times. They are not absolutely almost its full time value. Two heavy binding but are subject to exceptions. rule of the octave oblique lines or two commas indicated a double back-fall, two short notes. A system used by teachers of har- See also back-fall for illustration. mony before the formulation of the laws governing harmonic progre ion. Ruckgang Retrogre ion: (riik'-gang) Ger. ofn. a work the part The diatonic scale was taken as a ba in sonata form between the end of the and chords formed on each degree to development of the theme, or an epiexemplify their mutual relation. sode, and the repetition of the princirullando (roo-lan'-do) It. part. pal theme, reprise; the transition of Rolling: used of a drum or tamthe development or episode into the bourine. Synonym of roll an do. reprise. Abbr. Rg. rullante (rool-lan'-te) It. part. adj. Riickpositiv (ruk'-po-se-tef) Rolling. drum. Tamburo rullante, side A small fixed organ in frontGer.of n.the main instrument, so called because it run is usually behind the organist. 1. A rapid succe ion of notes, usu- Riickung (riik'-oongk) Ger. n. ally a scale pa age, used as an ornament; a roulade. Literally, moving with a jerk: syncopation; the tying of the last note of 2. To run: an organ term, used of a measure to the first of the follow the leaking of air from the wind chest ing measure, which shifts the accent into a groove, which makes the pipes of the first beat to the usually unacof that groove sound. cented note and produces a sort of Rundgedicht (roont'-ge-dikhf) Ger. n. jerky movement. Round poem; a roundelay; rondo. Rudenhorn (ru'-den-horn) Ger. n. Synonym of Rundgesang. The low-pitched wooden hunting Rundgesang (roont'-ge-zang') Ger. n. horn, one of the three kinds of Hift- Round-song; a roundelay; round; horn. See also Hifthorn. catch; a convivial song: a solo with Ruf (roof) Ger. n. refrain running for chorus, Call; cry of a hunter of the winding of a horn; voice: a trumpet-call in the 1. Executing rapid scale pa ages. army. 2. The leaking of the air from the Abbr. of segno, in such phrases as al segno, dal segno; of senza, in sabot (sa-bo) Fr. n. Phrases as senza pedale, senza re- 1. In harp making, a disc furnished with two pins and turned by one of P'PJ °j sinistra in manu sinistra, the pedals of the double action harp.. "hand; or solo; of sordini; or subito "i.the phrase volti subito; and of Each pin is so arranged as to catch the string and shorten the vibrating section. MSStUS wntten as in manuscript, sabeca (sa'-ba-ka) Heb. n. sa2. A poor, ck ill-mad bu e fiddle. t,., An instrument mentioned in the Bible and very likely belonging to 1. A medieval instrument wnicn l"e har.P family although there is no greatly resembled the slide trombone. 7h^.PJ,. de,fin itely identifying any of 2. Antion of sabec biblical incorrect a small transla- ™e biblic al names of musical instrua, harp, see also trombone and sabeca. ct IW,th existing specimens. Re- «h?',.however, consider the Sackgeige (sak-gT-khe) Ger. n. »£uCa t ° have been an instrument *«n string Literally, a pocket fiddle. See kit. s which were plucked by ne hn8ers as are those of the harp. Sackpfeife (sak'-pfl-fS) Ger. n. bag- The German name for the pipe. 451 salle de concert sampuma usually over an interval of more than salle de concert (sal du kon-sar') Fr. Concert hall; concert room, an octave; di salto, by skips; prosalle de musique (sal du mii-zek') Fr. gre ing by skips. Music room; music hall. salvare (sal-va'-re) It. v. Salm (salm) Ger. n. Literally, to save, to bring to salva- A psalm. tion; hence, to resolve, that is, the di olving of a di onance or tones salmeggiamento (sal-mad-je-a-men'- to) It. n. that are not agreeable into a con so- Psalmody; the singing of psalms, nance or tones that are agreeable and salmo (sal'-mo) It. n. restful. A psalm, salvation (sil-vas-yon') Fr. n. chord. The resolution of a di onant salmografo (sal-mo-gra'-fo) Spa. n. A di onant chord is one that does A writer of psalms. Salon flugel (sa-lon-flu'-khel) Ger. n. not give a sense of rest but seems to A parlor grand piano. demand another to complete it. The satisfaction of this mental demand