FILM

in photography the flexible material used instead of gla in the making of negatives. It was 437 FILMY FERNS first introduced for general photographic work by the Hastman Co. in 1891, The particular value of the film for cinematographic work was soon recognized by Edison, who used it first in his kinetoseope, since when the cinema tog rap hie film has grown in importance. Celluloid was originally used as the material of films, but owing to its inflammability a non-inflammable film made from cellulose acetate is now in use. The making of films for the cinema houses is an enormous industry, in which perhaps £400,000,000 is invested. Its chief centre is Los Angeles, but films are also made in the studios at Bistree, Shepherd’s Bush, Haling, and other places in Hngland. <A duty is charged on all films imported into Great Britain and since 1927 it has been compulsory for a certain proportion, increasing each year to 1936, of British films to be shown. Films are censored by a board appointed by the trade. In 1932 it was decided to establish a national film institute from funds obtained from the Sunday opening of cinemas. See CINEMATOGRAPH.