Carrier Pigeon

Strictly a fancy breed distinguished by exce ive length of head and beak and enormous wattles round beak and eyes. The courier pigeon is of Belgian stock and, unlike the above, is bred for speed alone, the record being 150 miles in two hours. The use of the homing instinct is very ancient, as the story of Noah's dove shows. Brutus and Hirtius corresponded by pigeons at the siege of Modena, and Taurosthenes sent news of his victory in the Olympian Games by this means. The Arabs were the first to establish a regular pigeon-post between Alexandria, Aleppo and Bagdad. In modern times the succe of this communication during the siege of Paris (1870–71), has turned the attention of European governments to the system IMG:content-0752.png:[blocks in formation] Carter, ELIZABETH, 1717-1806. English poet. Her tr. of Epictetus , 1758, was long in use, and is the basis of that of T. W. Higginson, 1865. Carteret, JOHN. See GRANVILLE, EARL. Carteret, PHILIP, d. 1796. English sailor, who discovered Pitcairn's and other islands 1767-8, and circumnavigated the globe. cartes, who first developed it. In its planer form positions are referred to two straight lines, called axes, in the plane inter- secting at a point called the origin. Positions are determined by by measurements on or parallel to the axes. Measurements to the right or above are positive, those to the left or below are negative. The direction of any point from the origin is de- termined by the signs of the co-ordinates considered together. If the axes intersect at right angles, the system is rectangular, otherwise it is oblique; and the angle of intersection (axial angle) must be known, as its functions will enter into the re- lations of the co-ordinates. Cartes i an Diver. Appliance devised by Des cartes to il lustrate the principle of Arch i me des. It consists water in an upright pos i- tion. There is an opening in the bottom, and the bulb is filled partly with water and partly with air. There is just enough of the latter so that under the ordinary pre ure it floats in water, nearly im- mersed. If the pre ure on the surface be in- creased, more water will be forced into the bulb, compre ing the air in the top. The whole, becom- ing now heavier than water, will sink. If the pre ure be regulated carefully, the diver may be held in any position desired. in wealth and population. It was taken by Genseric 439, and made capital of the Vandal kingdom; stormed by Belisarius 533, and finally destroyed by Arabs 706. Few traces of its greatne remain; among these are arches of an aqueduct once 50 m. long. The constitution of C. was aristocratic, with two Village Saidi Bou Said, site of Ancient Carthage. kings, or suffetes, who presided over the senate. The people were consulted when suffetes and senate differed. There was also a Council of Ten, chosen from the senate, who controlled the acts of the suffetes and directed all departments of the administration.