tharm (tharm)

[Early mod. E. also therm, Sc. thairm; airm; [lus (ed. 1864), [p. 103. When I am tired of scraping thairm or singing ballants. Scott, Redgaunt[let, letter xi. tharos (tha'ros), n. The pearl crescent, Phyciodes tharos , a small American butterfly varied with black, orange, and white. Thaspium (thas'pi-um), n. [NL. (Nuttall, 1818), transferred from Thapsia , a related genus.] A genus of umbelliferous plants. It is characterized Tharos Butterfly ( Phyciodes tharos), natural size. Flowering Plant of Meadow-parsnip barbinode). a, the carpels. (Thaspium by its conspicuous calyx-teeth, long styles without a stylopodium, and fruit with most or all of the ribs prominently winged, and with the oil-tubes solitary in the intervals. It includes 3 species, all natives of the United States, known as meadow parsnip. They are handsome tall and smooth perennial herbs, with ternately divided leaves composed of broad serrate leaflets, and compound umbels of yellow flowers without involucres, and with the involucels formed of a few minute bractlets; one variety, T. aure um, var. atropurpureum, bears dark-purple flowers. One species, T. pinnatifidum, is a native of the South Appal a chi an region; the others, T. aureum and T. barbinode (see cut under pet i ole ), are widely diffused through the eastern and central United States. T. aureum and its var i ety trifoliatum have been commonly confounded with the corresponding species of Zizia, respectively Z. aurea and Z. cor to Carum ), which they resemble data (referred by some closely in flower and leaf, but differ from in their winged fruit and later blooming. that (what), pron. or a.; pl. those (THōz). [Also dial. thet; It shall be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment than for that city. Mat. x. 15. Touch but my lips with those fair lips of thine. Shak., Venus and Adonis, 1. 115. David indeed, by suffering without just cause, learnt that meekne and that wisdom by adversity which made him much the fitter man to raigne. 6266 Whose love was of that dignity That it went hand in hand even with the vow. Shak., Hamlet, i. 5. 49. Majesty never was vested to that degree in the Person of the King as not to be more conspicuous and more august in Parliament, as I have often shown. Milton, Ans. to Salmasius. 2. Used absolutely or without a noun as a demonstrative pronoun. (a) To indicate a person or thing already referred to or implied, or specially pointed at or otherwise indicated, and having generally the same force and significance as when used as an adjective: as, give me that; do you see that? Foretell new storms to those already spent. Shak., Lucrece, 1. 1589. What springal is that? ha! Shirley, Love Tricks, ii. 1. From hence forward be that which thine own brutish silence hath made thee. Milton , Church-Government, Pref., ii. She has that in her aspect against which it is impo ible to offend. Steele , Spectator, No. 118. (b) In opposition to this , or by way of distinction. If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this or that . Jas. iv. 15. Dryden, tr. of Persius's Satires, iv. 19. This is not fair; nor profitable that . A hundred and fifty odd projects took po e ion of his brain by turns-he would do this , and that , and t'other - he would go to Rome-he would go to law - he would buy stock-. he would new fore-front his house, and add a new wing to make it even. Sterne, Tristram Shandy, iv. 31. When this and that refer to foregoing words, this, like the Latin hic or the French ceci, refers to the last mentioned, the latter, and that, like the Latin ille or the French cel a, to the first mentioned, the former. Self-love and reason to one end aspire, Pain their aversion, pleasure their desire; But greedy that its object would devour, This taste the honey and not wound the flower. Pope, E ay on Man, ii. 89. In all the above cases, that, when referring to a plural noun, takes the plural form those: as, that man, those men; give me that, give me those; and so on. (c) To represent a sentence or part of a sentence, or a series of sentences. And when Moses heard that , he was content. Lev. x. 20. [ That here stands for the whole of what Aaron had said, or the whole of the preceding verse.] I'll know your busine , Harry, that I will. Shak., 1 Hen. IV., ii. 3. 83. Upon my conscience, The man is truly honest, and that kills him. Fletcher, Val ent in i an, iv. 3. Selden, Table-Talk, p. 37. Certain or uncertain, be that upon the credit of those whom I must follow. Milton, Hist. Eng., i. They say he's learn'd as well as discreet, but I'm no judge of that. Steele, Lying Lover, i. 1. If the Laymen will not come, whose fault is that ? You are a foolish bribble-brabble woman, that you are. Sir R. Howard, The Committee, iii. 1. that the end of the clause; thus, the man of whom I spoke, the book from which I read, the spot near which he stood, the pay for which he works; but not the man of that I spoke, etc., though one may say, the man that I spoke of, the book that I read from, the place that he stood near, the pay that he works for, and so on. When the relative clause conveys an additional idea or statement, or is parenthetical, who and which are in modern English rather to be used than that: thus, "James, whom I saw yesterday, told me," but not "James that, etc." That more often introduces a restrictive or definitive clause, but who and which are frequently used in the same way. See who. Lord God, that lens ay last and light, This is a ferly fare to feele. York Plays , p. 58. Treuli, treuli, Y seye to zou, the sone may not of hym silf do ony thing, but that thing that he seeth the fadir doynge. Wyclif , John v. 19. This holi child seynt Johun, That baptisid oure lord in flom Jordon With ful deuout & good deuocioun. Hymns to Virgin , etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 56. And Guthlake, that was King of Denmarke then, Provided with a navie mee for lead. Mir. for Mags., I. 184. If I have aught That may content thee, take it, and begone. Beau. and Fl ., Maid's Tragedy, v. 4. He that was your conduct From Milan. Shirley , Grateful Servant, i. 2. You shall come with me to Tower Hill, and see Mrs. Quilp that is, directly. Dickens , Old Curiosity Shop, vi. In the following extract that , who , and which are used without any perceptible difference. Sometime like apes, that mow and chatter at me And after bite me, then like hedgehogs, which Lie tumbling in my barefoot way and mount Their pricks at my footfall, sometime am I All wound with adders, who with cloven tongues Do hi me into madne . Shak ., Tempest, ii. 2. 10. With the use of that as a relative are to be cla ed those cases in which it is used as a correlative to 80 or such . Who's so gro , That seeth not this palpable device? Shak., Rich. III., iii. 6. 11. Who 80 firm that cannot be seduced? Shak., J. C., 1. 2. 316. Such allow'd infirmities that honesty Is never free of. Shak ., W. T., i. 2. 263. That as a demonstrative and that as a relative pronoun sometimes occur close together, but this use is now hardly approved. That that is determined shall be done. Dan. xi. 36. That that is is. Shak ., T. N., iv. 2. 17. But for the practical part, it is that that makes an angler: it is diligence, and observation, and patience, and an ambition to be the best in the art, that must do it. I. Walton , Complete Angler, p. 191. Frequently used in Chaucer for the definite article, before one or other , usually when the two words are put in contrast, That on me hette, that othir dede me colde. Chaucer , Parliament of Fowls, 1. 145. That ... het = who; that his (or her )t = whose; Yet there still prevails, and that too amongst men who plume themselves on their liberality, no small amount of that the feeling which Milton combated in his celebrated e ay. H. Spencer , Social Statics, p. 167. That sometimes in this use precedes the sentence or clause to which it refers. That be far from thee, to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked. Gen. xviii. 25. That here represents the clause in italics. It is used also as the substitute for an adjective: as, you allege that the man is innocent ; that he is not. Similarly, it is often used to introduce an explanation of something going before: as, "religion consists in living up to those principles - that is, in acting in conformity to them." (d) Emphatically, in phrases expre ive of approbation, applause, or encour- agement. Why, that's my dainty Ariel! Shak . , Tempest, v. 1. 95. That's my good son! Shak., R. and J., ii. 3. 47. Hengo. I have out-brav'd Hunger. Car. That's my boy, my sweet boy! Fletcher, Bonduc a, iv. 2. (e) As the antecedent of a relative: as, that which was spoken. IMG:content-0196.png:[blocks in formation] seen. Thogh it happen me rehercen eft That ye han in youre fre he songes sayd. IMG:content-0197.png:[blocks in formation] My hertes Ioie, all myn hole plesaunce, Whiche that y sarue, and schall do faithfully With treue Entente. Political Poems , etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 40. A Knight ther was, and that a worthy man, That fro the tyme that he first big an To ryden out, he loved chivalrye. Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 44. Now fele I wel the goodne e of this wyf, That bot he after her deeth and in her lyf Her grete bountee doubleth her renoun. Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 521. This man to you may falsly been accused, That as by right him oghte been excused. Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 351. [ That came in during the twelfth century to supply the place of the indeclinable relative the , and in the fourteenth century it is the ordinary relative. In the sixteenth century, which often supplies its place; in the seventeenth century, who replaces it. About Add is on's time, that had again come into fashion, and had almost driven which and who out of use. Morris, Historical Outlines of Eng. Accidence, p. 132.] that (what), conj. [ that , thet , that = D. dat = OHG. MHG. daz , G. da = Goth. that a , that; orig. the neut. pron. or adj. that used practically as a def. article qualifying the whole sentence: see that , pron .] 1. Introdu That House of Commons that he could not make do for him would do to send him to the Tower till he was sober. Walpole, Letters, II. 8. (b) Frequently in opposition to this, in which case it refers to one of two objects already mentioned, and often to the one more distant in place or time: frequently, however, mere contradistinction is implied: as, I will take this book, and you can take that one. Of Zion it shall be said, this and that man was born in her. Ps. lxxxvii. 5. (c) Pointing not so much to persons and things as to their qualities, almost equivalent to such , or of such a nature, and occasionally followed by as or that as a correlative. There cannot be That vulture in you, to devour so many. I would desire my female readers to consider that, as the term of life is short, that of beauty is much shorter. Add is on, Spectator, No. 89. (h) With and , to avoid repetition of a preceding statement. God shall help her, and that right early. Ps. xlvi. 5. And all that. See all . - That present. See present1.- That timet. See timel . - To put this and that toge- ther. See put1 . Thus I speak, not that I would have it so; but to your shame. Latimer , Sermon of the Plough. Not that I loved Cæsar le , but that I loved Rome more. Shak ., J. C., iii. 2. 23. Streams of grief That I have wrong'd thee, and as much of joy That I repent it, i ue from mine eyes. Beau . and Fl . , Phil aster, v. 5. It is not that I love you le Than when before your feet I lay. Waller, The Self-Banished. Weep not that the world changes. Bryant , Mutation. 2. Introducing an object or final end or purpose: equivalent to the phrases in order that , for the purpose that , to the effect that . IMG:content-0198.png:[blocks in formation] The life-blood of the slain Poured out where you sands die that one may reign. Bryant, Christmas in 1875. 3. Introducing a result or consequence. The buerne, with his bare sword, bere hym to dethe, That he felle of his fole flat to the ground! Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 6451. I neuer heard the olde song of Percy and Duglas that I found not my heart mooued more then with a Trumpet. Sir P. Sidney, Apol. for Poetrie. Learning hath that wonder full power in it selfe that it can soften and temper the most sterne and savage nature. Spenser, State of Ireland. Is cheating grown so common among men, And thrives so well here, that the gods endeavour To practise it above? IMG:content-0199.png:[blocks in formation] with something previously said or implied, as in the preceding examples: used colloquially to expre emphasis. A similar Scotch use of the word, following a negative, corresponds to the Latin ita (as in Cicero's non ita multi ): as, no that bad; nae that far awa'. Ye think my muse nae that ill-faurd. Skinner, Misc. Poetry, p. 109. (Jamie son.) This was carried with that little noise that for a good space the vigilant Bishop was not awak'd with it. Bp. Hacket , Abp. Williams, ii. 67. (Davies.) Death! To die! I owe that much To what, at least, I was. Browning , Para cels us, iv. Women were there,. because Mr. Elsmere had been " that good" to them that anything they could do to oblige him "they would, and welcome." Mrs. Humphry Ward , Robert Elsmere, xlix. What have I done Dishonestly in my whole life, name it, That you should put so base a busine to me? Beau , and Fl ., King and No King, iii. 3. I knew him to be so honest a man that I could not re Swift , Gulliver's Travels, iii. 1. ject his proposal. 4. Introducing a clause as the subject or object of the principal verb, or as a nece ary complement to a statement made. 'Tis a causele fantasy, And childish error, that they are afraid. Shak., Venus and Adonis, 1. 898. You gave consent that , to defeat my brother, I should take any course. Fletcher , Spanish Curate, iv. 1. This is most certain, that the king was ever friendly to the Irish Papists. Milton , Eikon ok las tes, xii. The Naragansett men told us after that thirteen of the Pequods were killed, and forty wounded. Winthrop, Hist. New England, I. 233. I have shewed before that a mere po ibility to the contrary can by no means hinder a thing from being highly credible. Bp . Wilkins . It is a very common expre ion that such a one is very good-natured, but very pa ionate. Steele , Spectator, No. 438. The current opinion prevails that the study of Greek and Latin is lo of time. Swift , Modern Education. 5. Seeing; since; inasmuch as. There is something in the wind, that we cannot get in. Shak., C. of E., iii. i. 69. Where is my father, that you come without him? Beau . and Fl . , Laws of Candy, ii. 1. 6. Formerly often used after a preposition, introducing a noun-clause as the object of the preposition: as, before that he came, after that they had gone, etc., where at present the that is omitted and the preposition has become a conjunction; also, by mistaken analogy with such cases, that was occasionally added after real conjunctions, as when that, where that. Go, litil bill, and say thoue were with me This same day at myne vp-Ry inge, Where that y be-sought god of merc i Tho to haue my souerein in his kepeing. Political Poems , etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 40. After that things are set in order here, We'll follow them. Shak., 1 Hen. VI., ii. 2. 32. Take my soul Before that England give the French the foil. Shak., 1 Hen. VI., v. 3. 23. What would you with her if that I be she? Shak., T. G. of V., iv. 4. 115. Since that my case is past the help of law. When that mine eye is famish'd for a look. Shak., Lucrece, 1. 1022. Shak., Sonnets, xlvii. IMG:content-0200.png:[blocks in formation] O, that you bore The mind that I do! Shak . , Tempest, ii. 1. 267. This was the very first suit at law that ever I had with any creature, and O that it might be the last! Evelyn , Diary, May 26, 1671. For thatt. See for . - In that. See in1.-Now that. See now. So that. See 801. - Though thatt. See though . that (That), adv. [ that , pron. or a.; abbr. of such phrases as to that extent, to that degree.] To that extent; to that degree; to such a degree; so: as, I did not go that far; I did not more orig.) thetch, a ibilated form of thack, theck, also theak, theek (still in dial. use); with or as with thatch. O knowledge ill-inhabited, worse than Jove in a thatched house! Shak ., As you Like it, iii. 3. 10. Drayton, Muse's Elysium, iv. Thro' the thick hair thet thatch'd their browes Their eyes upon me stared. They theek it it o'er wi' birk and brume, They theek it it o'er wi' heather. Be ie Bell and Mary Gray (Child's Ballads, III. 127). That lofty Pile, where Senates dictate Law, When Tatius reign'd, was poorly thatched with strawve. II. in trans. To thatch houses. And som me he taugte to tille, to dyche, and to thecche. Piers Plowman (B), xix. 232. To plough, to plant, to reap, to rake, to so we, To hedge, to ditch, to thrash, to thetch , to mowe. Spenser, Mother Hub. Tale, 1. 264. [A ibilated form of thack =