Chal i no rhaphis (kalinorafis)

[NL., bonate of lime in a pulverulent or only slight ly consolidated state, and readily soiling the fingers when handled. It is seen, when examined through the microscope, to be made up in large part of minute fragments of the shells of Foraminifera, mollusks, and echinoderms, and also of spicules of sponges. It does not exactly resemble any deep-sca deposit at present known to be in proce of formation. This rock is a very important and conspicuous formation on the south coast of England (which on account of the whitene of its cliffs is poetically styled Albion) and in the north of France. Under the city of London it has a thickne of from 600 to 800 feet. The chalk gives its name to the so-called Cretaceous formation. It is not known that there is any rock exactly resembling chalk in any other region than that of the Paris and London basins. Chalk, dition, is an article of great commercial importance, and is used in a large number of operations. For such pur poses it is crushed and levigated. One of its principal a nearly pure carbonate of lime in a pulverized con uses is for whitening walls, or whitewashing. It is not used with oil, as it has no body with that vehicle; but, on account of its being very much cheaper than lead paint, it supersedes that article to a great extent. There are many names for the various preparations of chalk, as whiting, Spanish white, Paris white, etc. Chalk is not a desirable material for ordinary mortar, but it is used to some extent as one of the ingredients of hydraulic cement. See cement, 2. 2. A piece of prepared chalk used for marking on a dark surface. 3. A point scored in a game: so called from its being chalk. [Local and prov. Eng.] challenge or, much used by tailors for drawing lines on cloth, and for removing grease-spots. - Red chalk, or ruddle, a natural clay containing from 15 to 20 per cent. of the pro toxid and carbonate of iron.-Spanish chalk, a variety of steatite or soapstone obtained from Aragon in Spain. To know chalk from cheese, to have one's wits about one; know a poor or spurious article from a good or genuine one. To walk one's chalks, to go away; leave unceremoniously. [Slang.] Cut his stick, and walked his chalks , and is off to London. Kingsley. To walk the chalk, to keep in a straight line; submit to strict discipline. chalk (châk), v. t. [ IMG:content-0128.png:[blocks in formation] Stared in her eyes, and chalk'd her face, and wing'd Her transit to the throne. Tennyson, Prince , iv. 4. To mark; trace out; describe: from the use of chalk in marking lines. It is you that have chalk'd forth the way Which brought us hither! Shak ., Tempest, v. 1. To chalk out. (a) To sketch, as a plan of work or of operations, roughly, or in general outlines; mark out. I knew all this before, sir; Fletcher, Humorous Lieutenant, iii. 3. I chalk'd him out his way. This is indeed a very pretty career that has been chalked out for you. Goldsmith , Vicar, xx. (b) In Scotland, to mark the door of a burgh tenant with chalk, an old mode of notice to quit, which is still compe tent. To chalk up, to charge; put down to one's account: in allusion to the old custom, prevalent especially among publicans and milk-sellers, of writing a score in chalk on a door or wall. She has chalked up twenty shillings already, and swears she will chalk no more. Chapman , May-Day, i. 2.