D. 1668.

Deni'able, a. That may be denied or contradicted. "The negative authority is also deniable by reason."-Browne. Deni'al, n. Act of denying; negation; contradistinction; an affirmation to the contrary; an a ertion that a declaration or fact stated is not true. "Denial would but make the fault fouler."-Sidney. -Refusal to grant, allow, or concede; rejection; as, his request met with denial. -A disowning; an abjuration; a disclaimer; a refusal to avow or acknowledge; as, the denial of a charge preferred against one. Denial of one's self. See SELF-DENIAL. Deni'er, n. One who denies, contradicts, or refuses to avow or acknowledge. "Christ looked his denier into repentance."-South. Denier, (de-neer',) n. [Fr.; from Lat. denarius.] A small ancient French copper coin, which was the twelfth part of a sou or cent. Den'igrator, n. One who blackens. Den'im, n. (Com.) A coarse kind of cotton drill. Denina, (da-ne'na,) GIACOMO MARIA CARLO, an Italian historian, в. 1731. His principal works are: Disc or so Sopra le yicende dell a Litteratura ; Delle Rivo luz i on i d'Italia; Storia dell ' Italia Occident ale , etc. D. in Paris, 1813, Den'is, or Denys, (St.,) first bishop of Paris, in the 3d cent. He was sent from Rome, about A.D. 250, to con- vert the pagans of Gaul. He built many churches, and selected Paris as the seat of his bishopric, During the persecution of the Christians under Aurelian, he was condemned to death by the Roman governor Pescennius, and beheaded in 272. Denis, (St.,) a town of France, dep. Seine, 6 m. N. of Paris. A chapel in honor of St. Denis was founded at this place, in 250. Dagobert was buried here in 580. Dagobert I. founded the abbey in 636, and it has ever since been the place of sepulchre for the French monarchs. The first church was finished in 775, and the present edifice, commenced in 1130, was completed in 1281. A W. Indies. St. Thomas St. Croix (Santa Cruz) St. John IMG:content-0555.png:[blocks in formation] Surface. Low and level, having neither mountains nor hills of any considerable elevation. The coasts rise but little above sea-level, and in parts of the W. coast of Jütland the land is defended by dykes from irruptions of the ocean.- Soil . For the greater part, the soil is extremely fertile, forming, particularly in the S.W. part of Jütland, the finest pastures, and producing excellent crops. In the more N. and central dists., the soil is arid, sandy, and barren, comprising large tracts of heath. Rivers, . D. has no rivers of any magnitude; freshwater lakes are numerous, but not large. The most remarkable feature of the physical geography of this country is, undoubtedly, the number and extent of the Fig . 798.-COPENHAGEN-THE GREAT SQUARE. insets of the sea, or rather lagoons, which intersect its continental portion. The principal of these lagoons, the Lymfiord , formerly communicated only by a narrow channel with the Cattegat, stretching thence in a W. direction, with long sinuosities, and expanding in various places into immense sheets of water, encompa ing large islands, acro the peninsula of Jütland, almost to the N. Sea. Anim. and Veg. Prod. The horses and cattle of W. Jütland are among the best of their kind. The wool of the sheep is short and coarse, but it has latterly been much improved by cro ing with Merinoes. The feeding of hogs is largely prosecuted, and quantities of bacon and salt pork are yearly exported. Poultry is so abundant that their feathers alone make a considerable item of export. All the common gra es, with potatoes, flax, and hemp, madder, and tobacco, are raised in D. The forests are not very extensive, lying principally along the E. shores of Jütland, and in Zealand and Fünen, and consisting chiefly of birch, ash, alder, and oak. Pine and fir are rare. Min . No metals or mineralogical deposits have been found that would repay the expense of working. Clim . Humid, and subject to strong and cold winds. In winter the sound is sometimes frozen over. Fogs are very prevalent. - Agric . The land in D. is greatly subdivided, owing partly to the state of the law, which interdicts the union of small farms with larger estates, but encourages in various ways the parceling out of landed property. The annual average yield of crops may be estimated at the following figures:-Wheat, 3.200,000 bushels; rye, 1,280,000; barley, 16,000; oats, 3,600,000; buckwheat, 1,000,000; beans, ., 2,000,000 bush.; and 2,250,000 tons potatoes. The principal attention of all the more extensive and intelligent Danish farmers is directed to grazing, cattle-feeding, and the dairy. Horses, cattle, salt provisions, butter, wool, and other animal products, are, in fact, in ordinary years, the ruling staples of industry and exportation. The farmers are, in general, a comfortable, and even wealthy cla . Manuf . Woolens, linens, cottons, beer, liquors, earthenware, sugar, pepper, soap, leather, . Large quantities of flour are milled, and exported on a large scale from Copenhagen and Flensburg. -Com. The foreign commerce of D. is usually carried on with England and the N. countries of Europe. The precise monetary value of the commercial transactions carried on by D. cannot be stated with any pretence to accuracy, as the Danish official returns do not give the declared or real value of the imports and exports, but only the weight of the same. As regards the extent of trade reciprocated between D. and her colonies and the U. S., the returns for the fiscal year terminating June 31, 1896, show an aggregate of domestic exports from the country of $6,534,393; correlatively the exports from D. and her po e ions to the U. S. are stated at $334,586. On January 1, 1891, the commercial marine of the kingdom consisted of 3,543 ve els, with a total of 302,194 tons. The privilege of exacting tolls on shipping pa ing through the Sound (formerly called the Sound dues) was relinquished by D. in 1857, for a compensation in full of 35,000,000 rix dollars ($19,145,000), which was contributed in a pro rata proportion by the various powers trading with the Baltic. Of this indemnity the U.S. paid 2-03 per cent., or $393,011.-Const. and Govt. The present constitution of D. is embodied in the charter of 1840, restored, with modifications, by the national vote, July 28, 1866. According to its provisions the executive power rests in the king, and his responsible ministry. The king must be a member of the Evangelical Luther an Church, which is the declared religion of the state. The Rigsdag (diet or congre ) comprises the Lands thing , and the Folks thing; the former being a senate or upper house, and the latter a house of representatives. The former consists of 66 members, of whom 12 have a life-nomination from the crown; the remainder are elected by the popular vote. The Folks thing is comprised of 101 members, and is admi ible to all citizens who have attained the age of 25, and who are not ineligible by reason of pauperism or mental incapacity. The elected members of the Lands thing hold their seats for 8, and those of the Folks thing for 3 years, each body receiving payment for their services. The Lands thing forms the supreme court of the realm, and tries parliamentary impeachments; while to the Folks thing are committed the fiscal measures of the country.- Relig . and Educ. The Luther an is the established religion, but complete toleration is extended to every other sect. Of the inhabitants, there are le than 1 per cent. belonging to other churches than the Luther an. Elementary education is widely diffused, attendance at school for 7 years being compulsory. The number of parochial schools maintained at the public expense is above 4,000. Besides the University of Copenhagen, there are gymnasia, or colleges, at Loroe and Aalborg, together with grammar schools, academies, and normal schools in all the chief towns.-Finance. The revenue of the state in 1890, amounted to 57,392,986 kroner, the expenditures to 62,329,181 kroner, and the public debt to 188,148,541 kroner, principally held at home, only 10,605,700 kroner being foreign debt. (The kroner is equivalent to 26.8 cents American coin). This debt was chiefly created by the expenses of the Schleswig-Holstein war of 1864.-Military and Naval. The army, Jan. 1, 1897, consisted of 40,303 regulars, 39,600 first reserve, and 47,360 second reserve, making a total war strength of 127,263. The navy consisted of 8 ironclads, 25 torpedo boats, 20 unarmored ships, 28 gunboats, 6 troop and other ships, the whole armed with 456 guns, and manned by 4,127 officers and men. The naval reserves number 4,400. Railways , etc. In 1891, D. po e ed 1,247 miles of railway and 3,674 miles of telegraph line; 1,000 miles of railway and 2,790 of telegraph belonging to the state. In 1897, the railways within the limits of the kingdom had a total length of about 1,500 miles, and the telegraph lines had increased proportionately. -Inhab. The Danes present, physically, the true characteristics of the Scand in avian type-light-haired, blue eyed, fair-skinned, robust-framed. They are brave (like their ancestors the Vikings or sea-rovers), sober, industrious, of good morals, and highly intelligent; but, withal, fond of a certain amount of gayety and harmle conviviality. Hist . The early history of D. is obscure and uninteresting. In 1385 Margaret, daughter of Waldemar, king of Denmark, and wife of Haco, king The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia IMG:content-0557.png:[graphic][subsumed][subsumed][merged small][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][merged small][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][merged small][subsumed] The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia Dennis on, in Penna ., a former P. O. of Venango co. Den'nisport, in Ma achusetts, a post-office of Barns table co. Den'nisville, or DENNIS CREEK, in New Jersey , a post village of Dennis township, Cape May co., on a creek of its own name, about 7 miles N. of Cape May CourtHouse. Pop . (1897) abt. 550. nated. of Norway, ascended the throne of these kingdoms; in 1389 she was chosen by the Swedes their sovereign; the three crowns being united, it was supposed, for ever, in 1397 by the treaty of Calmar. This great queen, the "Semi ram is of the North ," and whose reign is the most glorious in Danish annals, D. in 1412. After her death a lengthened struggle ensued, which resulted in the Swedes emancipating themselves from the Danish yoke, 1523. In 1448, the race of the ancient kings becoming extinct, Christian I., of the house of Oldenburg, was raised to the throne, which his posterity still po e ; and by this means the valuable provs. of Schleswig and Holstein were united to the throne, in 1761 and 1773 respectively. Luther an ism was introduced in 1523, and Catholicism suppre ed in 1537. In 1658 D. was invaded by Gustavus of Sweden, who wrested from her some of her finest provs. In 1807 Copenhagen was bombarded by a British fleet; and at the conclusion of the European war, in 1815, Norway, which had for so many ages belonged to D. , was a igned to Sweden, the former obtaining in exchange the duchy Denomination, n. Act of denominating, naming, of Lünenburg, and a money indemnity. The Danes felt this sacrifice acutely; but a greater was to follow. Unwise legislation, and the pro-German element in the population of the Schleswig-Holstein duchies, brought about a rising in these provinces in 1848. But though Pru ia interfered in behalf of the insurgents, the matter -A society or collection of individuals called by the same was satisfactorily settled in 1852. In Sept., 1863, however, occurred the death of Frederick VII., the last of Den'ny, in Illinois , a former post-office of Warren co. Den'nysville, in Maine , a post-township of Washington co., abt. 135 m. E. by N. of August a, Denom'inable, a . That may be named or denomiDenominate, v. a. [Lat. denomino, denominatus de , and nomino , from nomen , a name.] To give a name or epithet to; to name; to call; to style; to give a title to; to designate. the line of the house of Oldenburg. In view of "The two faculties that denominate us men, understanding and will."- Hammond . -a. Having a specific name or denomination. or designating. - A name, title, or appellation; an epithet; a name which generally denotes some principal quality of a thing. "The liking or disliking of the people gives the play the de nomination of good or bad." -Dryden. name; a cla ; a sect; as, a religious denomination. "Divided... into many sects and denominations ." - South. Dent, n. [Fr.; Lat. dens, dent is , probably from edens , the ppr. of edo , to eat; Gr. odons, odontos; Sansk. dant a; Pers. dendan , a tooth, root; Sansk, ad , to eat. A gap, notch, or small hollow made by the pre ure of a harder body on a softer; an indentation. -v. a. To make a dent or small hollow. See INDENT. Dent, in Mi ouri , a S.E. central co.; area , about 500 sq. m. Rivers. Maramee River, and the head-waters of the Big Black river. Products, corn, wheat, oats, tobacco, hay, .; cattle and hogs are largely raised. Surface, hilly. Soil , fertile. Cap . Salem. Pop . (1897) 12,149. Dent, a town of England, W. Riding, co. York, 3 m. from Sedbury. Pop . 2,096. Den'tal, a. [Fr. dentale , from dent , a tooth; Lat. den talis.] Relating, belonging, or pertaining to the teeth; as, a dental operation, a dental college. (Gram.) Formed or pronounced by the teeth, with the aid of the tongue; as, a dental letter. "The Hebrews have a ign'd which letters are labial, which dental, and which guttural." -Bacon . -n. (Gram . ) An articulation or letter formed by placing the end of the tongue against the upper teeth, or against the gum that covers the root of the upper teeth. Dental Formula. See DENTITION, & Zool. Den'tal-surgeon, n. A dentist. Denta'lium, n. [Lat. dens , a tooth.] ( Zool .) A genus of molluscs inhabiting elongated univalve shells, resembling an elephant's tusk in miniature-whence its name. a Roman a denomination. signed a treaty in London, to the effect that, "taking Denomina'tionalism, n . Policy of, or adherence to, into consideration that the maintenance of the integrity of the Danish monarchy, as connected with the general a certain denominational theory or doctrine. interests of the balance of power in Europe, is of high Denomination ally, adv . By denominations or sects. importance to the preservation of peace," the succe ion Denom'i native, a . That gives a name, or design a to the crown was made over to the next collateral heir, Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonder burg tion; that confers a distinct appellation. - Derived from a noun or adjective; as, a denominative verb. tive or adjective. Glücksburg. This treaty was nullified by a rising tak- -n. (Gram.) A verb taken from a noun either sub staning place in the duchies, and by Pru ia and Austria sending large armies to aid the insurgents. A sanguinary struggle followed, in which the Danes, after fighting bravely against overpowering odds, finally succumbed, when the two provinces were given up to the German powers. This ce ion was confirmed by the treaty of Vienna, in 1864, and the duchies now form part of the Pru ian dominions. N. Schleswig was not permanently annexed to Pru ia until 1879, and then in violation of treaty stipulation.