calender1 (kalender)

[F. calandre, ML. celendra, a calender, a corruption of L. cy lindrus, a roller, cylinder: see cylinder.] 1. A machine consisting of two or more cylinders or rolls revolving very nearly in contact, between which are pa ed woven fabrics, paper, etc., for preparation or finishing by means of great pre ure, often aided by heat communicated from the interior of the cylinders. The object of the calender for cloth and paper is to give the material a perfectly smooth and equal surface, and sometimes to produce a superficial glaze, as in certain cotton and linen fabrics and what is specifically called calendered paper, or a wavy sheen, as in watered silk, etc. The larger rolls in such a calender are usually made of solidified paper or pasteboard turned exactly true, with intermediate cast iron cylinders. Calenders are attached to paper-making machines for expre ing the water from the felted web of paper, and for the finishing proce es of smoothing and glazing. They are also used for spreading india-rubber into sheets suitable for making rubber fabrics, etc. 2. An establishment in which woven fabrics are prepared for market by the use of the calender and the other nece ary proce es. It is as usual to say that goods are packed as that goods Encyc. Brit., IV. 682. are dre ed at a calender. IMG:content-2930.png:[blocks in formation] cloth or paper. calender2+ (kal'en-dėr), n. [F. calendre, calandre, calande, now only calandre, a kind of lark, also a weevil: see calandra.] 1. A lark. See calandra, 1.-2. A weevil. Calender3, Kalender (kal'en-dėr), n. [= F. calender, Turk. qalander, Hind. qalandar.] One of an order of dervishes founded in the fourteenth century by an And alus i an Arab named Yusuf, who was ex pelled from the order of Bektashis on account of his extreme arrogance. The Calenders are wanderers who preach in the market-places and live by alms. Though the title Calender a erts for its bearers a life of great purity, the members of this order, even before the death of its founder, fell into the gro est licentiousne and debauchery, and have not hesitated at a a ination. They salvation is as little affected by vice and crime as by virtue and holine , and that sin stains the body only and can be removed by ablutions. On the road I caused my beard and eyebrows to be shaven, and a umed a calender's habit. Arabian Nights , Hist. of Third Calender. dula, * calandrula, dim. of calandra, a lark: see calandra and calender2.] In ornith.: (at) An old and disused name of the crested wren of Europe, Regulus cristatus. Bri on, 1760. (b) The specific name of the ruby-crowned kinglet of North America, Regulus calendula. Linnæus, 1766. (c) [ cap.] [NL.] A genus of African larks, of which C. cra irostris is an example. Swains on, 1837. calendulin, calenduline (ka-len'dū-lin), n. [