dicynodan

[Gr. dis twice, twofold; kyōn =a dog, and odous (gen it. odontos ) = a tooth.] Palæont.: A genus of fo il reptiles, occurring in a sandstone, supposed to be of Tria ic age, in Southern Africa and India. The principal remains yet found, the bones of the head, indicate a gigantic type between the Lizards and Turtles. The ante get her toothle , and they form a kind of beak. rior portions of the jaws appear to have been alto which was probably sheathed in horn. The lower jaw has no teeth; but each superior maxilla carries an enormous tusk-like tooth, growing from a persistent pulp. Eye orbits very large, cranium flat, with nostrils divided as in Lizards. Order, Anomo dontia. di-çyn-o-don-ti-a (ti as shi), s. pl. [Gr. dis = twice, twofold; kyon =a dog; odous (gen it. odontos ) a tooth, and Lat. adj. pl. suff. -ia .] Zool.: In Prof. Owen's cla ification, the first family of Anomodontia, the fifth order of the cla Reptilia, or Reptiles. (Prof. Owen : Paleontology , 1860.) Prof. Huxley makes the Dicynodont i a an They have long canine fangs, projecting downward to belong to the Lacer til i a. Prof. Huxley considers (2) He thus discriminates between dictionary, lexicon , vocabulary , glo ary, and nomenclature: sic elds Virginia, and so named by Sir P. order equivalent to Prof. Owen's Anomodontia. " Lexicon is a species of dictionary appropriately Egerton from the net-like appearance of the large applied to the dead languages. A Greek or Hebrew anal fin. The scales are smooth rhomboidal, the tail lexicon is distinguished from a dictionary of the the upper jaw, whence name. Genera, heterocercal, and the fins broad and flowing. The Dicynodon, Oudenodon, and perhaps Rhyncho- IMG:content-2453.png:[blocks in formation] of words, with or without explanation, arranged in length. order or otherwise. A glo ary is an explanatory vocabulary , which commonly serves to explain the obsolete terms employed in any old author. A nomenclature is properly a list of names, and in particular reference to proper names." ( Crabb : Eng. Synon.) Dictionary , Encyclopædic : [ENCYCLOPÆDIC.] dictionary-maker, s . tionary; a lexicographer. The compiler of a dic "Of course if Bengali dictionary -makers or pandits would only let us see that language as it really is, "..." -Beames : Comp . Gram. This word is occasionally used in a ous sense, implying a mere compiler. (Compare IMG:content-2454.png:[blocks in formation] the vesicles supported by flocks collected in heaps ( Lindley .) [DICTYOTEE.] or scattered over the upper surface of the frond. di-çỹ-ăn-, di-çy-an-ō-, in compos . [Pref. di = twice, twofold, and cyan-, cyano- (q. v.).] Chem. Compounds in which the the radical cyanogen (CN) is contained twice, having replaced two atoms NH Chem.: Param, C2H4, or HN=C C=NH. A polymeride of cyanamide. It is obtained by heating cyanamide to 150, or by boiling it with water, or with aqueous alkalies. It crystallizes out of water or alcohol in plates, which melt at 205; it is insoluble in ether. When heated strongly it gives off NH3, and leaves a yellow residue of meta baryta-water, amido-di-isocyanic acid is formed, mine, C3H6N6. By boiling dicyanodiamide with which crystallizes in needles, and by warming with sulphuric acid is converted into biuret. dicyano-diamidine, s. radical-C/NH Chem.: A compound which contains the monaa -CNH, in which the hydrogen atoms can tained by the action of ammonia, or amines, on growing upon rotten wood. When the spores are expelled the transparent case appears like a cage, be replaced by hydrocarbon radicals. They are obformed of the veins alone. IMG:content-2455.png:[blocks in formation] 3. As auxiliary of the past tense. "The mountain did burn with fire." -Deut . v. 29. 4. Used to convey emphasis. Did is the only surviving instance in English of the oldest mode of indicating past time-viz., by reduplication, as commonly found in Greek and occasionally in Latin. In O. Eng. the suffix of the pret. of weak verbs was de , in Goth. and O. S. da ; dyde , in O. Sudeda . In Mod. Eng. the suflix of the thus in O. Eng. the pret. of do was di - de , in A. pret. of weak verbs is ed , e is a connecting vowel, and da contracted form of did ; thus we loved really represents we love did , or as we now say, we did love . [DO, -ED.] kos, from didasko to teach; cogn. with Lat. doceo; di-dac-tic, di-dac-tic-al, a. & [Gr. didakti Fr. didact i que.] A. As adj . ( of both forms): Adapted or tending to teach or convey instruction; containing precepts, rules, or doctrines. *B. As subst . ( of the form didactic): 1. ( Sing .): A treatise on education. 2. ( Pl .): The art or science of teaching. di-dac-tic-al-ly, adv . [Eng. didactical ; ly.] In a didactic manner, so as to convey instruction. boy; pout, jowl; cat, cell, chorus, chin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f. shăn ; -tion, -şion zhun. -tious, -cio us, -sious = shus. -ble, -dle, . = , . -tion, , del For draining of ditches, that noies thee at home." Tu er: Husbandry , xvii. 19. [A contraction of dive , and dapper or dopper one did-ap-per, *dyd-op-per, *dive-dap-per, s. IMG:content-2456.png:[blocks in formation] di-děl-phỹc, a. [DIDELPHIC.] di-děl-phyc, s. [Gr. dis = twice, twofold, and delphys =a womb.] 1. Zool .: A genus of Opo ums (Didelphide) (q.v.). These animals are confined to the American conti- nents, and are arboreal and nocturnal in their habits. They are carnivorous, preying upon small quadru- peds and birds, but will also eat insects and even fruit. One species, Didelphys carnivora , subsists present, and in D. dorsigera is merely represented by folds of the skin concealing the nipples. The female of this species carries her young about on her back while they cling to her by twining their 2. Palæont .: Remains of Didelphys are found in the Post-Pliocene deposits of America. di-der-ma, s. [Gr.di= dis =twice, twofold, and Bot.: A genus of Gasteromycetous Fungi, con- sisting of minute epiphytic plants. The peculiar character resides in the double layer of the peri- dium, the outer being smooth and crust-like, fragile and dehiscent, while the inner is very delicate and Ornith.: A family of birds, of which Didus is the type. di-dine, a . [Mod. Lat. did ( us ), and Eng. adj. suff.- ine .] Of or pertaining to the Dididæ (q. v.). *did-le, v. i. [Etym. doubtful.] To dabble, to "To didle in their mud for pearl-muscles."- W . Taylor : Holberd's Memoirs (1803), i. 471. ( Davies .) di-do-dec-a-he-dral, a. [Gr. dis twice, two- fold, and Eng. dodecahedral (q. v.).] Crystal log.: Having the form of a dodecahedral IMG:content-2457.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2458.png:[blocks in formation] though strongly fastened to the inside of the receiver as another, in comparison of those that whore bone der draw sonder the those that within the blad *di-duc-tive-ly, adv . [Eng. diductive ; -ly.] By diduction or deduction. "Either directly expre ed or diductively contained in this work."- Browne : Vulgar Errors , bk. i., ch. viii. di-dun-cu-li-dæ, s. pl . [Mod. Lat. didunculus , and Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -ide .] Ornith .: A family of Columbacci (Pigeons), which they connect with the extinct Dodo. di-dun-cu-lŭs, s. [Lat. dim in. of did us (q. v.).] Ornith.: The typical genus of the family Didun- IMG:content-2459.png:[blocks in formation] lacing, spiral filaments. They ordinarily occur in ferruginous bog-water. ( Griffith & Henfrey .) did-ym-op-ri-ŭm, s. [Gr. didymos =twin, and priōn =a saw.] Bot.: A genus of Desmidiacese, differing from Desmidium in having only two proce es, and not being angular, and in the number of rays of the end och rome in the side view not depending upon the number of angles. ( Grifith & Henfrey .) did-y-mous, a. [Gr. didymos =twin.] did-ỹ-năm, 8. [DIDYNAMIA.] Bot .: A didynamous plant. did-y-nā-mi-a, s . dynamis power, and Lat. pl. suff. -ia .] Bot . In the Linnæan system of plants the four- teenth cla , consisting of those which have four stamens, two long and two short. It contains two orders, Gymniospermia and Angiosperm i a (q. v.). did-y-nā-mi-an, did-yn-a-mous, did-y- năm'-ic, a. [Lat. didynam (ia); Eng. suff. -ian , -ous, -ic.] IMG:content-2460.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2461.png:[blocks in formation] (2) For the difference between to die and to per to withdraw the imperfect punch and anneal it, ish, see PERISH. die-earth, s. 2. To depart this life; to meet death. "There taught us how to live; and (oh, too high The price for knowledge), taught us how to die ." Tickell: On the Death of Add is on. IMG:content-2462.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2463.png:[blocks in formation] all the mining-ground of the district, the minerals dying out, as it were, at this stage of descent. ( Page .) 1. In the same sense as B. 2. "No die , but an ace, for him; for he is but one."- Shakesp.: Midsummer Night's Dream, v. 1. "Th' equall die of warre he well did know." Spenser: F. Q., II. v. 18. B. Technically : 1. Arch .: The cube or dado of a pedestal. 2. Games: A cube marked with figures on its respective sides and used in games of chance. The Greek dice were cubes, and were numbered like our own, 6-1, 5-2, 4-3, so that the opposite faces should add 7. They usually threw three dice. The original dice are supposed to have been knuckle-bones, and they still maintained their popularity after the more perfect numbered cube had been introduced. The bones were called tali , and were used five in number. The astragali were probably cubes with- out numbers, and played like the knuckle-bones; they were made of bone, stone, metal, ivory, or gla . The number of pieces used was similar to the number of the lines on the Greek abacus, or the digits of the hand. [ABACUS.] The game of astra- is represented in ancient sculpture and in a painting in Herculaneum. Pliny mentions a group by Polycletus of two naked boys at play, then in the Atrium of Titus. The same subject in stone is in the British Museum. In the game of duodecim script a the moves were determined by dice; the games of tali and te era were played with dice. Dice similar to ours were found at Hercu- laneum, and the destruction which overwhelmed Pompeii surprised a hazard-party at their amuse- ment; 1800 years afterward the dice were found in their bony hands, and the game yet unsettled. The dice-box of the ancients ( fri till us ) was of a cylin- drical form, and had parallel indentations to turn the dice as they were shaken. ( Knight .) In this sense the form dice alone is used in the plural: in all others, with the exception of A. I., 3, the for in used is dies . (1) To die for something : (a) To lose life through something. [DIE I., and intaglio die between which a piece of sheet (3) To die out : To become gradually extinct. *(4) To die in the pain: To die in the attempt to metal is pre ed into shape by a blow or simple pre ure. [DROP-PRESS.] (4) Coining : Both dies are intaglio, so as to make a cameo or raised impre ion upon each face of the which planchet. is often The the upper bust die of has the sovereign the obverse, or the national face, emblem. The lower die has the reverse, with an be. Owing to the random way in which ornaments effigy, legend, value, escutcheon, as the case may are disposed on coins, any general definition will no longer meet all cases. A die for coining, mechan- ically considered, is made by the following proce : A piece of softened steel called a hub is prepared, and upon its end the design is cut. The steel is then hardened, and is used to make a matrix, in which the impre ion is intaglio, that is, sunken. IMG:content-2464.png:[blocks in formation] di-eş, s. [Lat.] A day. dies non. [Lat.] IMG:content-2465.png:[blocks in formation] 2. A fixed allowance of food given daily. di-et-er, s. [Eng. diet; -er.] One who scribes or prepares food according to rules. "And sauced our broths, as Juno had been sick, And he her dieter ." Shakesp.: Cymber ., iv. 2. di-ě-tet-ic, a . & s. [Gr. diaitētikos .] A. As adj .: Pertaining to diet, or the use of food according to medical rules. "This book of Cheyne's produced even sects in the dietetic philosophy." - Arbuthnot : On Aliments (Pref.). B. As subst. ( Pl .): That branch of medicine which relates to the proper use of food, so as to adapt the quantity and quality of the diet to the particular state of each person, and to extract the greatest quantity of nutriment from a given quan- tity of nutritive matter. di-ě-tět-ic-al, a. [Eng. dietetic ; -al .] Of or pertaining to diet; dietetic. di-ě-tet-ic-al-ly, adv . [Eng. dietetical ; -ly .] with you in their sentiments." - Add is on : Freeholder . 4. To be at variance; to dispute, to contend, to quarrel. di-eth-er-e-scope, s. [Gr. dia = through, and aither ether, the upper, purer air; or diaithros disagree , are applicable either to persons quite clear and fine, and skopeo = to look at. An instrument for geodesy and for teaching optics, in- vented by G. Luvini, of Tunis, and announced by "And (save debates in Warsaw's diet ) He reign'd in most unseemly quiet." Byron : Mazeppa , iv IMG:content-2466.png:[blocks in formation] "As if I lov'd my little should be dieted In praises sauced with lies." Shakesp.: Coriolanus , i. ix. replaced by the monad radical ethyl, (C2H5). diethyl-carbinol, s . (AMYL ALCOHOL.] di-ěth-l-ăm-ine, s. [Gr. dis twice, twofold, and Eng. ethylamine.] A non-toxic ptomaine (CHN), obtained from putrefying pikefish. Eng. ethylia (q. v.).] di-ě-thyl-1-a, s. [Gr. dis = twice, twofold, and action of ethylic bromide, and subsequent distill a- Chem . A compound obtained from ethylia by the tion with potash. It resembles ethylia very much point, 57°C. *di-et-Ic, s. [Eng. dietic ; -ic.] A system of diet, "Gentle dietics or healing applications." - Gauden : IMG:content-2467.png:[blocks in formation] 1. The act or practice of taking food according to "Those maiden dietings and set prescriptions of baths and odors." -Milton: Reason of Church Gov. 2. Diet, food. "Yet can I set my Gallio's dieting , A pestle of a lark or plover's wing." di-et-ist, s . [Eng. diet ; -ist.] One who is skilled in dietetics.' idi ě-ti-tian, s. [Gr. diaitētikos .] A dietist. Dieu, s. [Fr.] God. Dieu et mon droit, phr . God and my right; the motto of the Royal Arins of England, first adopted by Richard I., at the battle of Gisors, Sept. 20, 1198, vary of one thing in respect to itself: thus, two tempers differ from each other, and a person's tem- Differ is said per varies from time to time. of everything promiscuously, but disagree is only said of such things as might agree: thus two trees differ from each other by the course of things, but two numbers disagree which are intended to agree. ( Crabb : Eng . Synon .) IMG:content-2468.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2469.png:[blocks in formation] 3. The disproportion between two things. "Mark now the difference , ye that boast your love Of kings, between your loyalty and ours." Cowper : Task , v. 346, 347. That holds this present question in the court?" Shakesp.: Merchant of Venice, iv. 1. elder or prin- cipal branch. Thus the eld- est son (during the lifetime of his father) bears a label ; the second son, a crescent; the third, a mul- let ; the fourth, a martlet; the fifth, an annu- let ; the sixth, a fleur-de-lys; the seventh, a rose ; the eighth, a cros-moline; the ninth, a double quatre - foil . IMG:content-2470.png:[blocks in formation] pute consists not only of angry words, but much ill blood and unkind offices; an altercation is a wordy dispute , in which difference of opinion is drawn out into a multitude of words on all sides; quarrel is the most serious of all differences , which leads to every species of violence: the difference may some times arise from a misunderstanding, which may be but by the fault of both parties; altercations arise easily rectified; differences seldom grow to disputes nate defense of, one's opinions; quarrels mostly mostly from pertinacious adherence to, and obsti spring from injuries real or supposed: differences subsist between men in an individual or public ca- pacity; they may be carried on in a director indirect ducted in a direct manner between individuals; manner; disputes and altercations are mostly con quarrels may arise betwixt nations or individuals, and be carried on by acts of offense directly or ind i- rectly." (Crabb: Eng . Synon .) Calculating Machine. [CALCULATING MACHINE.] difference tones, s. pl. Music : A third tone produced when two different musical notes are sounded, the rate of vibration of which is equal to the difference of the rates of the primary tones. ( Ro iter .) *dif-fer'-ençe (2), *dif-fer'-rençe, s. [DIFFER (2), v.] Delay, procrastination. "Utherwyse the hail warld may see that it is bot differrence that ye desyre, and not to haif the mater at 198). ane perfyte tryall." - Crosraguell ( Keith's Hist ., App p. *dif-for-ençe, v. t. [DIFFERENCE, 8.] To cause or make a difference in; to make different; tovary; to distinguish. "We see nothing that differences the courage of Mnes. eus from that of Serges thus."-Pope: E ay on Homer. dif-fer-ençed, pa . par . & a . [DIFFERENCE, v.] *A. As pa . par .: (See the verb.) dif-fer-ent, a . [Fr. différent ; Sp. diferente ; Ital. FER (1), v.] differente ; Lat. differ ens , pr. par. of differo .] [DIF or mechanical proce es in which they are em- "Soon, however, appeared a very different version of the story."-Macaulay: Hist . Eng . , ch. xviii. merly commonly, and is still occasionally, used. It is properly followed by from , but to was for- Different than was also used. 2. Distinct; not the same. "There are covered galleries that lead from the palace to five different churches." - Add is on : On Italy. ence, variety, diversity, and medley: "Difference and variety seem to lie in the things themselves; diversity and medley are created either by accident or design: the difference may lie in two objects only; a variety cannot exist without an a emblage; where a number of men come together with different habits, we may expect to find a med- ley of characters; good taste may render a diversity similitude; there is no difference between objects of color agreeable to the eye; caprice or bad taste absolutely alike; distinctne is opposed to identity; distinct, and separate : " Difference is opposed to (1) Crabb thus discriminates between different , IMG:content-2471.png:[blocks in formation] The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia IMG:content-2473.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2474.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2475.png:[blocks in formation] 1. The act of differentiating, distinguishing, or discriminating differences or varieties. 2. A distinction or mark of difference. tiating a function. 3. Zool .: The a ignment of each function to an organ specially devoted to it. "He justly considers the differentiation and spec i a liz a- tion of organs as the test of perfection." -Darwin: Descent of Man (1871), pt. i., ch. ii., vol. i., p. 61. dif-fer-ent-lý, adv . [Eng. different ; -ly .] In a different or varying manner; variously; not alike. "He may consider how differently he is affected by the same thought."- Add is on . dif-fer-ing, pr . par . & a . [DIFFER, v.] A. As pr . par .: (See the verb.) 1. Unlike; di imilar; not agreeing. "Differing multitudes."-Shakesp.: Cymbeline , iii. 6. *2. Angry. "His differing fury." Chapman : Homer's Iliad , ix. 543. dif-fer-Ing-ly, adv . [Eng. differing : -ly.] In a differing or different manner; differently. "Such protuberant and concave parts of a surface may remit the light so differingly , as to vary a color."- Boyle . dif-fer-rer, s. [Eng. differ (2), v.;-er.] Delayer; the person who delays. "I saye, quhilk of both is the differer of the caus?"- Willock , Lett . to Crosraguell; Keith : Hist ., App., p. 198. dif-fi-cult-ne , *dif-fi-cult-něs, s . difficult ; -ne .] Difficulty, hardne . "The difficultnes of their present Cæsar, Comment. (Pref.) IMG:content-2476.png:[blocks in formation] fasten with a buckle; fibula =a buckle.] To un- of diffibulo : dif - dis -away, apart, and fibulo to ref. A serious.complication likely understanding. buckle, to unbutton. IMG:content-2477.png:[blocks in formation] *dif-fic-ile-ne , *dif-fic-ile-ne e, s . [Eng. difficile ; -ne .] 1. Difficulty, hardne . 2. Reluctance, hardne against persuasion, scru- pulousne . IMG:content-2478.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2479.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2480.png:[blocks in formation] is external or foreign: the difficulty interferes with the completion of any work; the obstacle interferes with the attainment of any end; the impediment interrupts the progre and prevents the execution of one's wishes: the difficulty embarra es, it sus numerous species. pends the powers of acting or deciding; the obstacle opposes itself, it is properly met in the way, and intervenes between us and our object; the imped i- ment shackles and puts a stop to our proceedings: we speak of encountering a difficulty , surmounting "Thou dost shame thy mother, And wound her honor with this diffidence ." Shakesp.: King John, i. 1. "Not diffident of thee do I di uade Thy absence from my side." "Tho diffynen the ende of my labour."-Maundeville, *dif-fin-i-çi-oun, s . [DEFINITION.] "Yit herd I never tellen in myn age Uppon this noumbre difinicioun ." Chaucer: C. T. , 5,606, 5,607. *dif-fin-i-tive, a . [DEFINITIVE.] Determinate, deciding, conclusive. ent. from any contingent irregularities."- Newton : Optics. "The unequal refractions of difform rays proceed not *dif-form-1-ty, s. [Fr. difform ité .] 1. An irregularity or want of uniformity; a diver sity in form. whatsoever triunfor "Without any po ible difference, difformity , or variety dif-frăct', v. t . [Lat. diffract us , pa. par. of dif- fringo to break in pieces: dif = dis =apart, and frango to break.] To break in pieces; to break up as in a prism. *dif-frăct'-ěd, pa . par . or a. [DIFFRACT.] *dif-fract'-ing, pr . par . , a . & 8. [DIFFRACT.] A. & B. As pr. par. & particip . adj.: (See the verb.) dif-frăc-tion, s. [Lat. diffract us , pa. par. of diffringo.] 1. Ord. Lang.: The act of breaking in pieces. 2. Optics : [DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT.] latter to the use of phrases, as well as words, that former leads to the use of words unnece arily; the are altogether usele ; the diffuse style has too tautology. Diffusene often arises from an exuber- much of repetition; the prolix style abounds in ance of imagination; prolixity from the want of imagination; on the other hand, the former may be coupled with great superficiality, and the latter with great solidity." (Crabb: Eng . Synon.) dif-füş'ed, pa . par . or a. [DIFFUSE, ข.] A. As pa . par.: (See the verb.) B. As adjective : *dif-fü-go us, a . [Lat. diffugio to fly in differ- ent directions: dif = dis =away, apart, and fugio = tions. to fly.] Flying divers ways, or in different direc- dif-fü'şe, v . t. [Lat. diff us us , pa. par. of dif- fun do to pour abroad: dif = dis =apart, and fun do =to pour.] IMG:content-2481.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2482.png:[blocks in formation] diffusion-volume, s. Chem .: A term used to denote the different dispositions of gases to become diffused into others. dif-fu-sive, a . [Fr. diff us if ; Ital. diffusivo ; Sp. difusivo , from Lat. diff us us , pa. par. of diffundo .] 1. Scattering or spreading widely; diffusing. " Diffusive of themselves, where'er they pa They make that warmth in others they expect." Dryden: Annus Mirabilis , liii. 2. Scattered, spreading, or extending widely. "And each diffusive harmony unite." Thomson: Winter, 581. 3. Widely spread or distributed; collective. "They are not agreed amongst themselves where in fallibility is seated; whether in the pope alone or in the diffusive body of Christians." -Til lots on . 4. Capable of diffusion. 1398 (2) To dig out : To obtain anything by digging into the earth where it is: as, to dig out a fox or rabbit. (3) To dig up : To dig or excavate and throw to the surface that which is under the surface. " Digging up the cellars of London in order to collect the nitrous particles from the walls."- Macaulay : Hist . Eng ., ch. xviii. B. Intransitive: I. Literally: 1. To work with a spade. "I cannot dig ; to beg I am ashamed."- Luke xvi. 3. 2. To make a hole in, with a spade or similar instrument. "But he that had received one went and digged in the earth, and hid his lord's money."- Matt . xxv. 18. 3. To seek for, to try to win by digging. *II. Fig .: To seek for. IMG:content-2483.png:[blocks in formation] digester I. Ordinary Language: 1. Literally: IMG:content-2484.png:[blocks in formation] f Eng. gallic (q. v.).J digallic acid. Chem.: C14H10O9. [TANNIN.] dig-a-mist, s. [DIGAMY.] One who marries a second time.