WAGES

depend theoretically on custom or competition, but the introduction of 4 sliding-scales ’ ana the spread of co-operative production are bringing them into lines of practical justice in the matter of division of profits. The difference in the rate of wages in different trades is due to several causes—such as (1) the pleasantne or unpleasantne of the work, (2) the ease or difficulty of learning it, (3) the constancy or inconstancy of employment, the amount of responsibility, etc. For instance, mining is an ‘unpleasant’ trade, because it is both unhealthy and dangerous cooking is more difficult than chopping sticks driving; making an expre ; artificial train and flowers making is a 4 season up a medicine ’ trade;