States

He is an author of some repute. Perez de Zambrana (pā'rath dã thäm-bränä), Luisa (née Perez de Montes de Oca). Born near Santiago, 1837. A Cuban poet and novelist. In 1858 she married Dr. Ramon Zambrana, a well-known physician and author, who died in 1866. Perga (pèr'ga), or Perge (per'jē). [Gr. Πέργη.] In ancient geography, a city in Pamphylia, Asia Minor, situated about lat. 37° N., long. 30°55′ Ε. It was noted for the worship of Artemis. A Roman theater here is one of the finest surviving. The cave a has 1 precinct i on and 40 tiers of marble seats, with a gallery at the top, colonnaded in front and arched at the back. The back wall of the stage has five large niches, with fine columns of breccia. The diameter is 330 feet. The theater is in great part built up of masonry. There are also remains of a stadium, 771 feet long and 194 wide, the arena 732 by 115. The tiers of seats rest on vaulted foundations, and were skirted at the top by a gallery. There is a monu mental arched entrance in the semicircular end. Pergamum (pèr'ga-mum), or Pergamus (per'ga-mus). [ Gr.Πέργαμον .] In ancient geography, a city in Teuthrania, Mysia, Asia Minor, situated on the Caicus 50 miles north of Smyrna: the modern Bergamo or Bergama. The city was raised to importance by the famous victory of Attalus I. over the Gauls in the latter half of the 3d century B. C. To the son of Attalus, Eumenes II., are due the great extension of the city and its architectural adornment, and during his reign occurred the remarkable development of Pergamene sculpture, on lines of much more modern spirit than the older Greek art. The same king founded the famous Pergamene Library. His chief buildings were placed on a succe ion of terraces on the summit of the acropolis, which rises 900 feet above the plain, and on other lower terraces immediately outside of the powerful acropolis walls. The city remained prosperous under the Romans (see Pergamum , Kingdom of ), and many fine buildings were erected on the acropolis, and beside the Selinus River below, under the empire. In 1878 the Pru ian government sent to the site an exploring expedition under Pergamum Conge, Humann, and Bohn. Their investigations were continued for several years, and to them are due the rediscovery of Pergamene art and the ma of new information regarding later Greek architecture which together form one of the most remarkable archæological acquisitions of the century. The sculptures discovered at Pergamum are preserved at Berlin. The great altar of Zeus consisted of an immense quadrangular basement with a broad flight of steps penetrating one side. The top was surrounded by an Ionic peristyle which inclosed the altar proper on 3 sides. On the wall of this peristyle was the smaller frieze of the famous Pergamum Marbles, while around the basement and along the stairs was carried the large frieze. The latter was excavated in 1879-80, and now is the chief treasure of the Old Museum at Berlin. This extensive frieze dates from about 180 B. C., and belongs to the monumental commemoration of the triumph of Eumenes II. over the invading Gauls. It represents in high relief the victorious battle of the gods against the giants, the two chief groups centering about Zeus and Athene. The figures are of colo al size, and the sculpture is of remarkable vigor: it represents an entirely new phase of Greek art, more emotional and modern in feeling than had been developed elsewhere. The small frieze, excavated at the same time, is now also in the Old Museum at Berlin. This frieze adorned the monumental structures which stood upon the colo al altar. Its subject is the story of the local hero Telephus, and it is extremely pleasing in conception and execution. There are a Greek theater and a Roman am phi theater, and remains of several temples. An Ionic temple, of the finest Greek design, is on the slope of the acropolis: the cella with its ornamented doorway remains unusually perfect. The temple of Athene Polias, a Doric peripteros of 6 by 10 columns, of late Greek date, measuring 424 by 72 feet, occupied a terrace which was surrounded on two or three sides by a handsome stoa of two stories, Doric below and Ionic above, with a balustrade sculptured with warlike trophies in the second story. The temple of Trajan, occupying a large terrace toward the summit of the acropolis, was a Corinthian peripteros of white marble. Pergamum, Kingdom of. An ancient Greek kingdom in Asia Minor. It rose to prominence under Attalus I. in the 3d century B. C. Attalus III. died 133 в. с., and bequeathed the kingdom to Rome. It was made a province under the name of Asia. Pergamus, or Pergamum. The name given in the Iliad to the citadel of Troy.