SEMPRŌNĬAE

the name of various laws proposed by Tiberius and Caius Sempronius Gracchus. Agraria. In B.C. 133 the tribune Tib. Gracchus revived the Agrarian law of Licinius [ Leges Liciniae ]: he proposed that no one should po e more than 500 jugera of the public land, and that the surplus land should be divided among the poor citizens, who were not to have the power of alienating it: he also proposed, as a compensation to the po e ors deprived of the land on which they had frequently made improvements, that the former po e ors should have the full ownership of 500 jugera, and each of their sons, if they had any, half that quantity: finally, that three commi ioners ( triumviri ) should be appointed every year to carry the law into effect. This law naturally met with the greatest opposition, but it was eventually pa ed in the year in which it was proposed, and Tib. Gracchus, C. Gracchus, and Appius Claudius were the three commi ioners appointed under it. It was, however, never carried fully into effect, in consequence of the murder of Tib. Gracchus. Owing to the difficulties which were experienced in carrying his brother’s agrarian law into effect, it was again brought forward by C. Gracchus, B.C. 123. De Capite Civium Romanorum , proposed by C. Gracchus B.C. 123, enacted that the people only should decide respecting the caput or civil condition of a citizen. This law continued in force till the latest times of the republic. Frumentaria , proposed by C. Gracchus B.C. 123, enacted that corn should be sold by the state to the people once a month at the price of 6⅓ a es for each modius, which was equal to 1 gallon and nearly 8 pints English. This was only a trifle more than half the market price. Judiciaria. [ Judex , p. 216 .] Militar is , proposed by C. Gracchus B.C. 123, enacted that the soldiers should receive their clothing gratis, and that no one should be enrolled as a soldier under the age of seventeen. Previously a fixed sum was deducted from the pay for all clothes and arms i ued to the soldiers. Ne quis Judicio circumveniretur , proposed by C. Gracchus, B.C. 123, punished all who conspired to obtain the condemnation of a person in a judicium publicum. One of the provisions of the Lex Cornel i a de Sicariis was to the same effect. De Provinciis Consular i bus , proposed by C. Gracchus B.C. 123, enacted that the senate should fix each year, before the comitia for electing the consuls were held, the two provinces which were to be allotted to the two new consuls. There was also a Sempronian law concerning the province of Asia, which probably did not form part of the Lex de Provinciis Consular i bus: it enacted that the taxes of this province should be let out to farm by the censors at Rome. This law was afterwards repealed by J. Caesar.