yaws

[From a West African negro word yaw =a raspberry.] Pathol.: A disease in which, without premonitory symptoms, portions of the skin, especially about the face, the scalp, the axilla, and the genitals, become covered with small, dusky red spots, which develop into raspberry or mulberry-like tubercles, sometimes ulcerating. The malady may continue for many years, or for life. It occurs chiefly in the West Indies, North America, and Africa. Called also Framboæsia and Pian. "A mysterious malady referred to as 'yaws."-M. Collins: Thoughts in my Garden , i. 54. *-clăd, a. [Pref. y-, and English clad .] Clad, clothed. "Her words yclad with wisdom's majesty." Shakesp.: Henry VI., Part II ., i. 1. *ў-clěped', *ў-clěpt', pa . par . [A. S. geclypód , pa. par. of geclypian =to call. Called, named. "Judas I am, ycleped Maccabæus." Shakesp.: Love's Labor's Lost, v. 2. *y-dle, a . [IDLE.] *y-drad, pret . & pa . par . of v. [DREAD, v.] ye, pron. pron. [A. S. ye (nom.), eower (gen.), ебо (dat. & acc.); cogn. with Dut.gij=ye, u =you; Icel. er , ier =ye, ydhar =your, ydhr =you; Dan. & Sw. i = ye, you; Ger. ihr ; O. H. Ger. ir =ye, iuwar , iuwer = your; iu =you; Goth. jus =ye, izwara = your, izwis you.] Properly the nominative plural of thou, the second personal pronoun, you being the dative and accusative, and your the genitive. But in later times ye was used as an objective as well as a nominative. Ye is now almost obsolete except in sacred or solemn writings or addre es, its place being taken by you . [YOU, YOUR.] The confusion between ye and you did not exist in Old English. Ye was always used as a nominative, and you as a dative or accusative. In the English Bible the distinction is very carefully observed; but in the dramatists of the Elizabeth an period there is a sin, aş; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f. IMG:content-1089.png:[blocks in formation] solar days, or 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 49.7 sec- onds. The difference between these twe years is 19 minutes 19-2 seconds mean solar time, that being the time required for the earth to advance in its orbit a distance of 50'1' of arc. The civil year is the year of the calendar. It contains a whole num- day. According to the present system, or accord- ber of days, beginning always at midnight of some ing to the Greg or i an calendar, every year the num ber of which is not divisible by 4, also every year which is divisible by 100, and not by 400, is a common year, and contains 365 days. All other years are tical year is from Advent to Advent. Alunar year is called leap and contain 366. The ecclesias- astronomical lunar year consists of twelve lunar e period consisting of twelve lunar months. The 36 seconds. The common lunar year consists of synodical months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, twelve lunar months or 354 days. The Embolismic, or Intercalary lunar year, consists of thirteen lunar olution; as, the year of Jupiter or of Saturn. 2. The period in which any planet completes a rev- 3. ( Pl .): Used as equivalent to age, or old age. "Myself am struck in years , I must confe ." Shakesp.: Taming of the Shrew, ii. (1) Anomalistic year : [ANOMALISTIC YEAR.] (2) Greg or i an year : [GREG OR I AN.] (3) Julian year : [JULIAN.] (4) Sabbatical year : [SABBATIC.] (5) Year and a day: Law : The lapse of a year with one day added to it; a period which determines a right or works pre- script i on in many cases. Law : Part of the sovereign's prerogative in Eng- land, whereby he was entitled to the profits for a year and a day of the tenements of persons at- tainted of petty treason or felony, together with the right of wasting the said tenements; afterwards re- storing it to the lord of the fee. It was abolished by the Felony Act, 1870. (7) Year of Grace : Any year of the Christian era. (8) Year to year tenancy: which continues for a second year unle one of the Law: A tenancy taken at first for a year, but parties on the expiration of the first six months in timates to the other his intention not to renew it. 1. A book published annually, each i ue contain- ing new or additional information; a work pub- lished each year, and intended to supply fresh information compiled up to date on matters in re- gard to which changes are continually taking place. year- book compiled by one who knows the meaning of "Not simply a year - book , as its name implies, but a the facts and figures which he has so laboriously put together."-London Globe. adjudged in the courts of England, from the time 2. A book containing annual reports of cases published annually. of Edward II. to that of Henry VII. inclusive, and "The reports are extant in a regular series from the reign of king Edward the second inclusive; and from his time to that of Henry the eighth were taken by the protho- notaries, or chief scribes of the court, at the expense of the crown, and published annually, whence they are known under the denomination of the year - books ."- Black stone: Comment. (Introd., § 8.) Ben Jonson: Sejanus, i. 1. year by year. *year'-li-ly, adv . [Eng. yearly ; -ly .] Yearly; "The great quaking-gra sowen year lily in many of the London gardens." -Johnson: Herball. year-ling, s. & a. [Eng. year ; dim in.suff.- ling .] A. As subst.: A young animal one year old, or in "A yearling bullock to thy name shall smoke, Untamed, unconscious of the galling yoke." year. 2. Comprehended in a year; accomplished in a "The yearly course that brings this day about Shall never see it but a holiday." 3. Lasting a year; as, a yearly plant. 4. Having the growth of a year. B. As adv.: Annually; every year; year by year. "Yearly thy herds in vigor will impair." Dryden: Virgil ; Georgic iii. 112. desirous, eager, cogn, with Icel. girn a = to desire, [A. S. gyrnan =to yearn, to be desirous, from yearn (1), *yearne, *yern (1), *yerne (1), v. i. from gairns desirous; O. H. Ger. gerón , kerón; from gjarn =eager; Goth. gairnjan =to long for, joice; ( chara )=joy; ( char is )=grace; Lat. gratia = Ger. begehren to long for; Gr. (chairō)=to re- grace; Sanse. hary to desire.] To feel mental uneasine from longing desire, tenderne , affec- ing; to desire wistfully; to long. tion, pity, or the like; to be filled with eager long- milk. ( Scotch .) B. Trans.: To cause to curdle or coagulate, as To earn, to gain, to procure. *yearn (4), *yearne (3), v . t . [For earn =togain.] "The which shal nought to you but foule dishonor vearne." Spenser: F. Q., VI. i. 11. wretched.] [YEARN (2), v .] Sad, mournful. *yearne, *yerne, adj . [A. S. earm = miserable. "But of hire songe, it was as loud and yerne, As any swalow sitting on a herne." Chaucer: C. Т. , 3,258. *yearn-fül, *yearn-füll, a. [Eng. yearn (2); -full.] Mournful, sad. single or a ociated in heaps or strings, each cell having an average diameter of 3868 of an inch, and consisting of a thin-walled sac or bag containing protoplasm. Yeast is the potent agent in the production of alcohol from sugar, each molecule of sugar splitting up into alcohol and carbonic anhydride, by a proce which is not clearly understood. Heated to a temperature of 40°, its efficiency is almost entirely destroyed; but, when deprived of its water by straining and strong pre ure, and kept in a cool place, it retains its properties unaltered for ten or twelve days. When washed with alcohol, dried at a low temperature, and mixed with a little starch, it retains the power of setting up the alcoholic fermentation for several months. Grape juice, and several other vegetable juices, when left for a few days at a suitable temperature, develop yeast cells in great abundance, without any addition of yeast, probably from the presence of spores in the surrounding atmosphere. In bread making, yeast, both in its liquid and dried states, is added with warm water to flour to give a start to the fermentation proce , thereby supplying carbonic-acid gas, which communicates a spongy or light texture to the bread. It is also e ential to the production of wine from grape juice and other fruit juices, the manufacture of beer, and the preparation of distilled spirits. 2. Pharm.: Beer yeast, when applied externally, acts as a stimulant and antiseptic. As a poultice it corrects the discharges of indolent ulcers. It has been given also internally in low states of the system, but with doubtful efficacy. ( Garrod .) (1) Artificial yeast : Dough mixed with a small quantity of common yeast, made into cakes and dried. (2) German yeast: Common yeast drained and pre ed till nearly dry. In this state it can be kept for several months, and is much used by bakers. (3) Patent yeast : Yeast collected from a wort of malt and hop, and prepared in the same manner as German yeast. [ (2).]