Gerrymander

an arrangement of the boundaries of election districts so contrived as to secure an unfair advantage to the dominant party. In colonial times elections were by counties or by towns, and the gerrymander was not developed. The first gerrymander has been said to be an arrangement of Patrick Henry's, whereby Madison should not be elected to the First Congre . But in reality the districting of Virginia at that time was not clearly unfair. The name arose from a redistricting scheme carried out by the Republicans of Ma achusetts in 1811, in accordance with which the E ex District bore a fanciful resemblance to a salamander. Hence the name ‘‘gerrymander” was given to it from Governor Elbridge Gerry, under whom the act was pa ed, The practice has since become well-nigh universal in American politics, with most injurious effects upon public morality. - Getty, George W., born in 1819, was promoted major-general for gellautry during the Civil War, serving in the Virginia campaign and of treaty was concluded December 24, 1814, and was ratified early in 1815. r It provided for universal peace between the belligerents; the mutual restoration of territory, property and archives; a ce ation of hostilities immediately upon ratification; a restoration of prisoners of war; an establishment of the disputed northeastern boundary by construction of the treaty of 1783, with po ible final reference to some friendly power; other boundary questions to be disposed of in a similar man- | ner; and a mutual promotion of the abolition of the slave trade Nothing was said of the impre ment of seamen, the search of Americav ve els, and the oppre ive decrees respecting neutral commerce, the thiee grievances which mainly caused the war. ' Gherardi, Bancroft, born in 1832, nephew of George Bancroft, entered the navy in 1846, was made lieutenant-commander in 1862, and in command of the ‘‘ Port Royal’ distinguished himself at Mobile Bay. He became a commodore in 1884, and a rear-admiral in 1886. 291