Genesis

[Gr., from gennaō, to beget, to procreate, to bring forth.] Act of producing; generation; birth; creation. -A theoretical description of the origin of anything. (Geom.) Same as GENERATION, 9. v. (Script.) The name given to the first book of the Bible, on account of its containing a narrative of the generation or production of all things. The Hebrew name is Bereshith ("in the beginning"), from its commencing with that word. Its history goes back to the very earliest ages of the human race, and extends over a period of at least 2,370 years. It gives an account of The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia Bergues , displaying a handsome frontage of tall houses, among which is the Hotel des Bergues , lined with a broad and fine quay towards the lake. The unsightly houses that formerly lined the margin of the lake in the lower town have been modernized and beautified; and a broad belt of land has been gained from the water to form a quay. This is connected with the Quai des Bergues on the opposite bank by a handsome suspension- lake, is ornamented with a bronze statue of Rou eau. bridge; and another bridge, communicating with a small island situated at the point where the Rhone leaves the bastions, constructed about the middle of last century. G. is surrounded on the land side by ramparts and public promenades; and suspension-bridges have been These are of little use as fortifications, the city being thrown over them to facilitate the intercourse between commanded by adjacent heights, but they serve as the city and the surrounding country. The cathedral, or Church of St. Peter, occupies a conspicuous situation, and is an interesting specimen of the Gothic style of the 11th cent. Among public edifices are the new theatre, of G. , realizing 17,000,000 francs, out of this the monu- cost $1,000,000; the monument erected to the Duke of Brunswick, who died here, leaving his fortune to the city ment and opera house were erected in 1879; town-hall, a Gallery of Paintings, a Museum of Natural History Calvin, with faculties of jurisprudence, theology, natural (containing the collections of Sau ure, Brongniart, De Candolle, and Necker), and the academy founded by science, and literature, and a library of 40,000 vols. G. has, besides, numerous literary, scientific, and educational jewelry, musical boxes, and objects of virtú , . The institutions. Manuf . The principal source of the pros- perity of this city lies in its manufactures of watches, number of working watch-makers and jewellers is est i- mated at nearly 6,000; and the number of watches annually made is estimated at upwards of 70,000, -and of these at least 60,000 are of gold. In watch-making and jewelry, it is also estimated that between 70,000 and 80,000 oz. of gold, and about 50,000 oz. of silver, are used yearly. The other industrial arts in operation here comprise combs, carriages, saddlery, agricultural implements, hardware, tools, cutlery, fire-arms, musical and philosophical instruments, printing-types, . Li- thography and engraving is also extensively engaged in. G. is the seat of the council of state, the supreme court of justice for the canton, a court of appeals, and a chamber of commerce. Pop . (1893) 78,777; with suburbs, 96,441.- G . is very ancient, and is mentioned by Cæsar ( De Bello Gallico , i. 6.) In 426 it was taken by the Burgundians, and became their capital. It afterward belonged succe ively to the Ostrogoths and the Franks, and formed a part of the kingdom of Arles and the second kingdom of Burgundy. On the fall of the latter, it fell under the sole dominion of its bishops, between whom and the counts of Genevois, in Savoy, there ex- isted ince ant contests for its po e ion. At the Refor- fuge in G. in 1536, was solicited to settle there, and was mation, the bishop was expelled, and the city, with its territory, became a republic. Calvin having sought re- subsequently raised to the highest rank in the state, which he in a great measure governed for 23 years, 1782, owing to internal di ensions, G. was occupied by with a severity and strictne that impre ed deep and abiding traces on its jurisprudence and manners. In the troops of France, Sardinia, and Berne. In 1798 it was taken by the French revolutionary forces, and sub- rivers, the principal of which are the Venoge, from the freezes, and has never been known to be entirely frozen N., and the Drause, on the side of Savoy. It seldom over. It is subject to a singular phenomenon called the seiches. This consists in a sudden rise of its waters, generally for 1 or 2 ft., but sometimes as much as 4 or 5 ft., followed by an equally sudden fall; and this ascent and descent goes on alternately, sometimes for several hours. This phenomenon is most common in summer parts of the lake. Lake Geneva abounds with fine fish. and in stormy weather; its cause has not been satisfac- torily ascertained; but it would seem to depend on the unequal pre ure of the atmosphere upon different Its banks are greatly celebrated for their picturesque beauty and sublimity. Their scenery is the most im- posing at its E. extremity; but the whole of the S. shore exhibits great boldne and grandeur. The N. shore is of a softer character; it is adorned with a suc- villages, and chateaux. Nyon, Rolle, Morges, Ouchy, ce ion of low hills covered with vineyards and culti- vated lands, and interspersed with numerous towns, (the port of Lausanne), Vevay, Clarens, and the Castle of Chillon, are on the N. bank; on the S., or Savoy side, are Meillerie, Thonon, and the Campagna Diodati in the Genevese territory, the residence of Byron in 1816. Steamers ply daily upon the lake, which is also encircled by a line of railroad. Geneva, in Alabama , a post-town, cap. of Geneva co. Рор . (1890) 637. Geneva, in Georgia , a post-office of Talbot co. Geneva, in Illinois , a city of Kane co., on C. & N. W. R. R., 35 m. W. of Chicago; has good water power and varied manuf. Pop . (1897) about 2,000. Geneva, in Indiana , a post-town of Adams co. Geneva, in Iowa , a post-township of Franklin co. Geneva, in Kansas , a post-village of Allen co. Geneva, in Michigan , a village of Kalamazoo co. Geneva, in Minnesota , a post-village and township of Geneva, in Nebraska , a city, cap. of Fill more co., on the C., B. & Q. and F., E. & M. V. R. Rs., 60 m. W. S. W. of Lincoln. Has creamery, cannery, ., and a fine trade in farm products. Pop . (1897) about 2,200. Geneva, in New York , a beautiful town of Ontario co, at the N. end of Seneca lake, 26 m. W. of Auburn; has observatory, . Pop . (1897) about 8,000. a variety of manuf., and is the seat of Hobart College (P. E.), a State Agricultural Experiment Station, a fine Geneva, in Ohio , a post-town and township of Ash tabula co., on L. S. & M. S. R. R., 10 m. S. W. of Ash tabula. Pop . (1890) 2,194. IMG:content-0341.jpg:[graphic] dent canton in 1814. Few cities have produced more Genevese', a . Pertaining to Geneva, in Switzerland. eminent individuals. Among others may be specified -n. [Fr. Genevois ; Lat. Gen evens is, from Genera .] A Rou eau, Casaubon the critic, Lefort (the friend of Peter the Great), Necker and his daughter, Madame de Staël, the naturalists Sau ure, Deluc, Bonnet, and Ju- rine, De Candolle and Huber, the philosopher Abauzit, J. B. Say the political economist, and Sismondi the his- tori an. In 1872, the Alabama Question was settled at a convention held here. Gene'va, (Lake of,) or LAKE LEMAN. [Ger. Genfer See , anc. Lacus Lemanus .] The largest lake of Switzerland, near the S.W. extremity of which country it is situated. portion of an extensive valley enclosed between the It has N., E., and S.E. the canton of Vaud or Leman; S.W. that of Geneva; and S. Savoy. It fills up the lower Alps and the Jura. It is crescent-shaped, the convexity being directed N.N.W. and the horns facing S.S.E. Its greatest length-a curved line pa ing through its cen- tre from Geneva at its W. extremity to Villeneuve at its E.-is abt. 45 m.; but along its N. shore the dis- tance from end to end is abt. 55 m., while along its S. it depth, near Meillerie, towards its E. extremity, is said is no more than abt. 40 m. Its breadth varies from 1 to 9 m.; its area is estimated at abt. 240 sq. m. Its greatest to be 1,012 (950 Fr.) ft.; its level is abt. 1,200 ft. above that of the Mediterranean. It is divided, in common parlance, into the Great and Little lake; the latter is more exclusively called the Lake of Geneva , and ex- beyond which Lake Leman widens considerably. The tends from that city for a distance of 14 m., but with a breadth never more than 3% m., to Point d'Yroire; Rhone enters it near its E. extremity, bringing with it so much alluvial soil, that considerable encroachments are continually made on its upper end. Port Vallais, near 116 m. distant, was formerly on the margin of the lake, the basin of which is said to have originally extended upwards as far as Bex. The Rhone emerges from the lake at its S.W. extremity, where its waters, like those of the lake itself, are extremely clear, and of 58, 85.) Lake Geneva receives upwards of 40 other a deep-blue color: circumstances which have been often adverted to by Lord Byron, ( Childe Harold , iii. s. Genèvre, (zhe-nāwr',) (Mount,) a summit of the the Genevese. Cottian Alps, between the Italian prov. of Susa and the Mongolian prince, was B. in Tartary in 1163. After French dep. Hautes-Alpes. It is cro ed by a road con- Genghis-Khan, or ZINGIS-KHAN, the son of a petty structed by Napoleon I., at an elevation of nearly 6,000 feet. Height of the summit, 11,615 feet. much intestine warfare with various Tartar tribes, this renowned conqueror was proclaimed khan of the united Mongol and Tartar tribes. He reorganized his army, published a code of laws, and made preparation for the course of conquest to which he profe ed he had a divine call. In 1210 he first invaded China, the capital of which was taken by storm and plundered several years later. The murder of the amba adors whom GenghisKhan had sent to Turkestan occasioned the invasion of that country in 1218, with an army of 700,000 men; and the two great cities of Bokhara and Sam arc and were stormed, pillaged, burned, and more than 200,000 lives destroyed with them. He continued his career of devastation for several years; and in 1225, though more than 60 years old, he marched in person, at the head of his whole army, against the king of Tangut, who had given shelter to two of his enemies and refused to surrender them. A great battle was fought on plains of ice, formed by a frozen lake, in which the king of Tangut was totally defeated, with the lo of 300,000 men. G.-K., whose ravages had cost the human race, if we are to accept the perhaps exaggerated computation of Eastern writers, upwards of 5,000,000 human beings, became, by dint of succe ive victories, monarch of a territory extending 1,500 leagues, including Northern China, Eastern Persia, and the whole of Tartary. D. in 1227, in the 64th year of his age and in the 52d of his reign, -having, before his death, divided his immense territories between his four sons. Ge'nial, a . [Lat. genial is , from genius , a tutelar deity, the spirit of social enjoyment, talent; from gignere , to produce, to bring forth.] Contributing to propagation or production; that causes to produce. "Creator Venus, genial power of love." - Dryden. -Gay: merry; jovial; joyful: festive; entertaining; contributing to life and cheerfulne ; as, a genial manner or disposition. -Supporting life. "So much I feel my genial spirits droop." - Milton. Genial'ity, n. [L. Lat. genial it as , from genius .] Gayety; cheerfulne . Ge'nially, adv . Gayly; cheerfully. Ge'nialne , n. The quality of being genial. Ge'nian, a. (Gr. geneion, the chin.) ( Anat . ) Belonging to the chin, as the genian apophysis situate at the posterior part of the symphysis ment i, and formed of four small tubercles. Geniculate, Genic'ulated, a . [Lat. geniculatus. from geniculum , a joint, dim. of genu , the knee.] ( Bot . ) Applied to a stem when bent abruptly like a knee.