Stanford Dictionary

Bohemian Brethren. A religious sect in Bohemia, 15th-17th century, a branch of the Hu ites. Bohemian Girl, The. An opera by Balfe, produced in London in 1843. The libretto was by Bunn from a ballet by St. Georges, which was taken from Cervantes. It was brought out again in London in 1858 as "La Zingara." It was translated into French, Italian, and German, and had a great succe . "Bohemian" here means "gipsy." The opera appeared in Hamburg as "La Gitana," in Vienna as "Die Zigeunerin," and in Paris as "La Bohémienne." Bohemond (bō hệ-mond), or Bohemund (bō'hệ-mund), I. Marc." Born 1056 (10651): died at Cano a, Italy, 1111. A Crusader, son of Robert Guiscard. He became prince of Tarentum in 1085, joined the first Crusade in 1096, and captured An tioch in 1098. Bohio (bo-yo'). A name given by the Cuban Indians, in the time of Columbus, to Haiti or Hispaniola. It is said to have meant 'a house,' and to have referred to the populousne of that island. Böhl von Faber, Cecilia. See Arrom . Bohlen (bo'len), Peter von. Born at Wüppels, Oldenburg, Germany, March 9, 1796: died at Halle, Germany, Feb. 6, 1840. A German Orientalist, profe or of Oriental languages in Königsberg. Böhler (bé'ler), Peter. Born at Frankfort-on the-Main, Germany, Dec. 31, 1712: died at London, April 27, 1775. A German clergyman, bishop of the Moravian Church in America and England. Böhm (bėm), Theobald. Born at Munich, April 9, 1794: died at Munich, Nov. 25, 1881. A German flutist and composer. He was the inventor of several improvements in the flute, especially of a new system of fingering. Böhme (be'me), or Böhm (bem), or Behmen (bā'men), Jakob. Born at Altseidenberg, Silesia, Pru ia, 1575: died at Görlitz, Pru ia, Nov., 1624. A celebrated German mystic. His works include "Aurora" (1612), "Der Weg zu Chris to" (1624), etc. A town in Böhmisch-Brod (bé'mish-brot). Bohemia, 20 miles east of Prague. Near here, May 30, 1434, the Taborites were defeated by the Calix tines and Roman Catholics (also called "the battle of Lippau") Population (1890), 4,087. Böhmisch-Leipa (bè'mish-li'pä). A manufacturing town in Bohemia, situated on the Polzen 42 miles north of Prague. Population (1890), commune, 10,406. Bohn (bon), Henry George. Born at London, Jan. 4,1796: died at Twickenham, Aug. 22, 1884. An English publisher and bookseller. He is best known for his editions of standard works in various "libraries." Bohol (bō-hol'). One of the Philippine Islands, in lat. 10° N., long. 124° 20′ E. Length, 45 miles. Bohorquez, Francisco. See Enim. Böhtlingk (bet'lingk), Otto. Born at St. Petersburg, June 11 (N. S.), 1815. A noted Ru ian Orientalist. His chief work is the "SanskritWörterbuch" (with Rudolf Roth; published 1853-75). Bohun (bō'hun), Edmund. Born at Rings field, Suffolk, England, March 12, 1645: died in Carolina, Oct. 5, 1699. An English publicist and miscellaneous writer, appointed chief justice of the colony of Carolina in 1698 (?). His chief work is a "Geographical Dictionary" (1688). Bohun, Henry de. Born 1176: died on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, June 1, 1220. The first Earl of Here ford (created April, 1199), and constable of England. Bohun, Humphrey de. Died Sept. 24, 1274. The second Earl of Here ford and the first Earl of E ex, the fifth of the name. He was constable of England. In 1258 he joined the barons in their confederation for the redre of grievances, but went over to the king in 1263, and was taken prisoner in the battle of Lewes, May 14, 1264. Bohun, Humphrey de. Died 1298. The third Earl of Here ford and the second Earl of E ex, and constable of England: the seventh of the name. He was a ociated with Roger Bigod, earl of Norfolk, and other barons in opposition to the reforms of Edward I. Bohun, Humphrey de. Born 1276: killed at the battle of Borough bridge, March 16, 1322. The fourth Earl of Here ford and third Earl of E ex, and constable of England: the eighth of the name. He joined the barons in their opposition to Gaveston (see Gaveston ) and the Despensers. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Bannock burn, June 24, 1314, but was exchanged for the wife of Robert Bruce. Boiardo, or Bojardo (bō-yär'do), Matteo Maria, Count of Scandia no: Born at Seandiano, near Reggio di Modena, Italy, about 1434 (1): died at Reggio di Modena, Dec., 1494. A noted Italian He was the author of "Orlando in nam or a to" (1495), "Sonetti i canzoni" (1499), "Il Timone" (a comedy), etc. See Orlando in nam or a to . Boieldieu (bwol-dye'), François Adrien. Born at Rouen, France, Dec. 16 (Grove), 1775: died near Paris, Oct. 8, 1834. A celebrated French composer of comic operas. His works include "La famille Sui e" (1797), "Beniowski" (1800), "Le calife de Bagdad" (1800), "Ma tante Aurore" (1803), "Jean de Paris" (1812), "La dame blanche" (1825), etc. His son Adrien (born in 1816) has composed several succe ful comic operas. Boii (bo'i-i). 1. A Celtic people living in Cisalpine Gaul, prominent in Roman annals from the 4th to the 2d century B. c. They later migrated to Bohemia, to which and to Bavaria they gave their name. - 2. A Celtic tribe which joined the Helvetii in their invasion of Gaul in 58 в. с. Cæsar a igned them land in the territory of the Ædui. Boileau-Despréaux (bwä-lō'da-pra-ō'), Nicholas. Born at Paris, Nov. 1, 1636: died at Paris, March 13, 1711. A famous French critic and poet. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Dec., 1656. His first satire dates from 1660 or 1661, and was the forerunner of a series of seven, composed between 1660 and 1665. To this same period belong his "Di ertation sur Joconde," and his "Dialogue des héros de roman." His satires were published without his sanction by a Dutch bookseller, who i ued the book under the title "Recueil con tenant plusieurs discours libres et moraux, en vers" (1665). Boileau i ued his own corrected version in 1666, and within the next two years there appeared some twenty editions, both authorized and unauthorized. These models of elegant writing served as the foundation of literary criticism in France. Boileau was attacked from many quarters, and framed his reply in two satires, published in 1669. Little is known of his life between 1660 and 1677. During that interval, however, he wrote his second and third "Epitres," translated the "Treatise on the Sublime" of Long in us, published fragments of the "Lutrin" in 1673, and finally Boileau-Despréaux gave out his fourth and fifth "Épîtres," the first four books of the "Lutrin," and "L'Art poétique," in the first edition of the "Euvres du sieur D..." (1674). This publication raised Boileau to the first rank among French writers. In 1677 he received a pension of 2,000 livres, and was invited with Racine to compile the history of Louis XIV. In the same year he composed his seventh, eighth, and ninth "Épitres." In 1684, despite his enemies' opposition, Boileau entered the French Academy on the expre ed desire of the king. In 1693 he published his "Réflexions critiques sur Long in," in answer to Perrault's "Dialogues sur les anciens et les modernes." The first five editions of Boileau's works are dated 1666, 1674, 1694, 1701, and 1713. The last edition revised throughout by Boileau himself, that of 1701, is generally taken as the standard. In addition to the works above mentioned, it contains the tenth and eleventh satires, and the last three "Épitres." A twelfth satire was published after Boileau's death in the edition of 1716. To Boileau's works, and more especially to the "Art poétique," are due the theories on which the cla ical literature of France is based.