monactinelline (monaktinelin)

Of or per taining to the Monact in ell in a. monad (mon'ad), n. and a. [= F. monade = Sp. mónada = Pg. monad a = It. monade, and material. In the philosophy of Leibnitz the conception of the monad is that of an absolutely unextended substance existing in space, its existence consisting in its activities, which are ideas; and the universe was conceived by him as made up of such existences. The history of each monadic monad follows an internal law, and all interaction between the monads is excluded; but there is a preëstablished harmony between these laws for the different monads. (See Leibnitzian.) The Leibnitzian theory of the monad was, in many particulars, revived by Hermann Lotze. Pythagoras his monads , so much talked of, were nothing else but corporeal atoms. Cudworth, Intellectual System, p. 13. The soul is a monad (according to Bruno). It is never entirely without a body. God is the monad of monads ; he is the minimum, because all things are external to him, and at the same time the maximum, since all things are in him. The atoms of the ancients differed from one another in magnitude, figure, and position, but not qualitatively or in internal character. The monads of Leibniz, on contrary, are qualitatively differentiated by their ideas. All monads have ideas, but the ideas of the different monads are of different degrees of clearne . God is the primitive monad; all other monads are its fulgurations. Ueberweg, Hist. Philos. (tr. by Morris), II. 27. IMG:content-0858.jpg:[graphic] ... 2. In biol.: ( a ) Any simple single-celled organism. The name covers a great many similar but not nece arily related unicellular organisms, some of which are in sense (b), others being plants; others again are free flagellate cells representing an embryonic condition of some other organism or of wholly indeterminate character. We are warranted in considering the body as a commonwealth of monads, each of which has independent powers of life, growth, and reproduction. H. Spencer, Social Statics, p. 493. (b) In zoöl., specifically, a flagellate infusorian; one of the Infusoria flag ell at a, characterized by the po e ion of one or two long whip-like flagella, and generally exhibiting an endoplast and a contractile vacuole. The word in this sense is derived from the name of the genus Monas.-3. In chem., an element whose atoms have the lowest valence or atomicity, which valence is therefore taken as unity. II. a. In chem. and biol . , of or pertaining to monads; of the nature of a monad; monadiform. Many monad metals give us their line spectra at a low degree of heat. J. N. Lockyer, Spect. Anal., p. 124. There is reason to think that certain organisms which pa through a monad stage of existence, such as the Myxomycetes, are, at one time of their lives, dependent upon external sources for their protein matter, or are animals; and, at another period, manufacture it, or are plants. Huxley , Animal and Vegetable Kingdoms.