CHURCH ILL, LORD RANDOLPH

HENRY SPENCER (1849-95), Brit. statesman; s. of 7th Duke of Marl-. borough; elected M.P. for Wood stock (Conservative), 1874; became prominent as an independent Conservative; became the pioneer of ‘Tory democracy’; Sec. of State for India, 1885, in Sal i a as bury administration; Chancellor of the: Exchequer, 1886, and leader of the. House of Commons. LEONARD SPENCER (1874), an English statesman. He was educated at Harrow and graduated from the Military Academy at Sand hurst, entering the army in 1895. While on leave of absence during that year he served with the Spanish forces in Cuba, later serving: with the British forces in India, Egypt and South Africa. While in South Africa, as a lieutenant of cavalry, during the Boer War, he was also correspondent for the London Morning Post, and was captured by the Boers, but escaped after a few weeks imprisonment. On his return to England he entered politics, being elected to Parliament from Oldham as a Conservative. In 1906 he swung over to the Liberals, on the i ue of Free Trade, being elected to Parliament as such from Manchester. From 1906 till 1908 he was Under Secretary of State for the Colonies; president of the Board of Trade, 1908-10, and Home Secretary during 1910-11. In 1911 he became First Lord of the Admiralty, which post he was holding when the World War broke out. In 1915 he resigned on account of disagreement with his a ociates over the disastrous British expedition to the Gallipoli peninsula, for which he was accused of being mainly responsible. During the following year he went to the front and saw active service in France, but in 1917 he became Minister of Munitions in Lloyd George’s coalition cabinet. In the following year he took the post of Secretary of State for War, which he held until 1921, when he became Secretary of State for the Colonies. In the elections of 1922, following the resignation of the coalition cabinet and the rise of the Bonar Law cabinet into power, he failed to return. He has written a number of books on his earlier experiences, among these being The River War, 1899; From London to Lady smith, via Pretor i a, 1900; and My African Journey, 1908. author, b. St. Louis, Mo. He was intended for the Navy, graduating at Anna polis in 1894 and served for a short time on the San Francisco, but abandoned the sea for a literary career. He became an attache of the Army and Naval Journal for a brief acting as managing editor of the Cosmopolitan Magazine. In 1898 he made his debut as a novelist with The Celebrity. A trilogy of American historical novels followed, beginning, 1899, with Richard Carval, which achieved a great popular succe . The novels that followed were The Crisis, The Cro ing, Coniston, Mr. Crewe’s Career, A Modern Chronicle, Inside of the Cup, A Far Country, and The Dwelling Place of Light, 1917. He was a member of the New Hampshire Legislature in 1903 and 1905.