janIzarIan

[Eng. janizary; -an.] Of or pertaining to the janizaries or their government. jăn-I-zar-ỹ, jăn-Is-sar-, 8. [O. Fr. ani aire, from Turk. yen i =new; askari =a soldier.] A soldier of the old Turkish foot guard; originally young prisoners trained to arms. The Janizaries were a body of Turkish troops, formed originally, about 1330, of the children of Christians who had been conquered and were reared as Mohammedans. Latterly they acted as the Imperial body-guard of the Sultan at Constantinople, but on the ground of being turbulent and dangerous to the state, in consequence of their rising against the Sultan, the force was di olved June 17, 1826, when 15,000 were executed, and more than 20,000 banished. jăn-ker, s . [Etym. doubtful.] A long pole on two wheels, used in transporting logs. ( Scotch .) jăn-nock, 8. [Probably derived from bannock (q.v.).] Oat-bread. jăn-nock, a . & s. [Cf. Gael. i on an nach =fair.] A. As adj .: Fair, just, straightforward. B. As subst.: Fairne , fair play. Jăn-sen-işm, s. [For etym. see def.] Church History: 1. The tenet of a sect or party in the Roman Church, dealing mainly with the Calvin is tic doctrines of free-will and grace, named after Cornel i us Jansenius, Bishop of Ypres, in the Netherlands, who died A. D. 1640. 2. An opinion or utterance characteristic of Jansenist teaching. Jăn'-sen-Ist, s. & a . [For etym. see def.] A. As subst .: A follower of Cornel i us Jansenius. [JANSENISM.] B. As adj .: Pertaining to or characteristic of Jansenism (q. v.). Jăn-tu, s. [Hind.] A water-raising machine of great antiquity, used in Bengal for irrigation. It is a trough, counterweighted by an extended arm and balanced acro a bar. As the trough end descends it dips water, and as it rises the water runs toward the axis of vibration, and escapes at a lateral orifice into a trough, which conducts it to the field. Jăn'-u-ar-ỹ, s. [Lat. Januarius , from the god Janus (q. v.).] The name given to the first month of the year. Jān-ŭs, s. (Lat., from janua =a door.] Roman Mythol .: One of the most celebrated divinities of ancient Rome, and the only one having no equivalent in the Grecian mythology. He was represented as a son of Apollo, and as having built 2395 a small town on the Tiber, which he called Janiculum. As the name implies, Janus was the god of doors and gates, and in token of his office carried a key in his hand. The first month of the English year receives its name from him, and he presided over the dawn of every day and the commencement of every undertaking. Janus was usually represented with two heads, looking in opposite directions. His temple at Rome was kept open in the time of war, and shut in time of peace. Janus-cloth, subst . A fabric having each side dre ed, and different colors on the respective sides. (Used for reversible garments.) Janus-face, s. A double-face; a deceitful face. "The Janus - face of courtly pride." Thomson: Liberty , iv. 610. Janus-faced, a. Double-faced; double-dealing; two-faced. Janus-headed, a. Double-headed. Ja-păn', s. [See def. 1.] 1. The name of an island lying E. N. E. of China. 2. A hard, black varnish, obtained from the Stag maria verniciflua of the East Indies. 3. An asphaltum varnish. 4. Work varnished and figured in the Japanese style. boil, boy; pout, jowl; cat, cell, chorus, 5. An old colloquial English name for a black cane. Japan-black, s . The same as JAPAN-LACQUER (q. v.). Japan-cedar, s . Bot.: Cryptomeria japonica . Japan-clover, s . Bot.: Alow annual plant ( Lespedeza strict a ), a native of Eastern Asia, introduced in some unknown manner, before 1845, into this country, where it has spread with great rapidity. It grows to the height of a little over a foot on the poorest soil, and is much used as fodder. ( Ann andale .) Japan-earth, s . Tanning: Terra japonica, catechu, cutch. An astringent matter obtained from the Areca catechu and Acacia catechu , used in tanning. Japan-ink, s. A writing-ink which has a dark, glo y color when dry. Japan-lacquer, s. A kind of hard black varnish used in japanning, and obtained from Stag maria verniciflua , a tree belonging to the natural order Anacardiacese. It is very acrid and excoriates and blisters the skin. Japan lacquer -tree: Stag maria verniciflua . Japan-lily, s. Bot .: Lilium japonicum . The flowers, which are white with a streak of blue, are seven inches acro ; the whole plant is five feet high. Japan-medlar, s. Bot.: Diospyros kaki. Japan-pig, s. IMG:content-0101.png:[blocks in formation] Zool.: Megaptera kuzira , extending through the Pacific from Japan to California and Aleutia. Japanese-silk, s . Fabric : A kind of dre goods having a linen chain and silken weft. ja-pănned, pa. par. or a. [JAPAN, v.] (See the compound.)