SKIN

body, and_consists of two main whole the epidermis, OF scarf-skin, layers, true outer, and the dermis, or being the inner. The epidermis, on skin, the examination, is seen to be microscopical of five layers of stratif ied composed cells united by a cement epithelial substance. dermis is a vascular struct ure, The of white fibrous ti ue with a network elastic fibres, and is compo sed of some layers, that nearer to the epidermis two into projections, or papill e, being raised project into corresponding dewhich pre ions in the under surface of the These papille contain loops of epidermis. plood-ve els, and many of them also contain a touch corpuscle. Sweat Glands consist of minute tubes, ends of which form spherical the lower coils in the deeper parts of the dermis, the subcutaneous ti ue immedi - in The sweat, like the urine, is ately below. excretion of the body, the secret i ng an getting rid of substan ces which elands been formed elsewhere in the body, have contains, in the same relativ e and it amount, practically the same minute as the urine. About 2 Ib. of sweat salts excreted by a man in twenty-four are hours. The nails are specially modified parts epidermis to protect the sensiti ve of the of the fingers; beginning at the root, ends is covered by a fold of skin, a nail which a very sensitive and very vaslies upon part of the dermis, the naztl-bed, cular and ends at a free margin. functions of the skin include the The of touch; the excretion of sweat; the sense as regulation of the heat of the body, more blood pa es through the when greater is the lo of heat by skin the radiation, conduction, and evaporation; respiration, carbonic acid gas being and exhaled and oxygen inspired, both, however, to a very small extent in man. Skin-grafting is the transplantation either from one part of the body of skin, another or from one body to another, to the skin of the lower animals Sometimes The main point in such opera is used. is the careful cleans ing with soap tions and weak antise ptic fluids and water the skin which is to be removed both to the site for which it is intended. and of the whole thickne of skin Sometimes lanted, and sometimes only the is transp layer. After the operation epithelial grafted surface and that from which the has been removed must be the skin antiseptically, and encour aged dre ed and protection to heal like other by rest wounded surfaces. Diseases are of many differ ent Skin chief of which are treate d varieties, the under their separa te heads, elsewhere to many different causes. and may be due include animal paras ites— These causes vegetable paras i tes (fung i)— (e.g.) scabies; (e.g.) contagiosa, due to a streptococimpetigo general infections, with local manic us; syphilis, festa tions in the skin—(e.g.) other fevers; general toxscarlet and local manifestations in the cemias, with sometimes causing skin—(e.g.) gout, nervous affections (a) affect ing urticaria; vasomotor nerves—(e.g.) herpes; (b) the g.) affecting the sensory. nerves—(e. with trophic lesions—(e.g.) pruritus; (c) Diseases of certain perforating ulcer. skin eruptions, esorgans may cause organs connected with digestion; certain @rugs cause eruptions— ({e.g.) Copaiba. ERY (1852-1907), an American author, db. in Victor, N. Y. His books include Myths and Legends of Our Own Land, With Feet to the Earth, Do Nothing Days and a drama Vzllon. (1844), an American educator; }. at New York; s. of Avery and Charlotte cated at Mexico Academy and at Clinton Liberal Institute. He was a member of later held various positions under educational dept. of New York State, including state supt. of Public Instrn., 18951904, and after 1915 was legislative librarian at Albany.