Brahma sabha of Rammohun Roy

It was joined in 1841 by Debendranath Tagore, who undertook the task of organizing it with properly appointed officers and teachers, a settled form of worship, and a fixed standard of faith and practice. This was completed by the end of 1843. The year 1844 may be given as the date of the real commencement of the first organized theistic church of India. Its history has been marked by various schisms, but it has exercised a powerful influence against idolatry and greatly promoted social reform. Brahmins (brä'minz), also Brahmans (brä'manz). Hindus of the highest or priestly caste. See Brahma . Brahms (brämz), Johannes. Born at Hamburg, May 7, 1833: died at Vienna, April 3, 1897. A noted German composer of choral and chamber music, and pianist. He went to Vienna in 1862, where he directed the famous concerts of the "Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde," and filled other similar positions. His numbered works in 1887 were 102; his most representative compositions are his symphonies. Among his other works are "Deutsches Requiem" (1868), "Schicksalslied," "Triumph lied," etc. Braid (brad), James. Born in Fifes hire, Scotland, about 1795: died at Manchester, England, March 25, 1860. A British medical writer, especially noted for his investigation of hypnotism (named by him originally "neurohypnotism"). Braila (brä-e'lä), or Brailov (brä-e-lov'), or Ibrail (e-brä-ēl'). A city in Wall a chia, Rumania, situated on the Danube in lat. 45° 17′ N., long. 27° 55′ E. It was formerly a fortre . It was taken by the Ru ians in 1770 and in 1828. Population, 46,715. Brainard (bra'närd), John Gardiner Calkins. Born at New London, Conn., Oct. 21, 1796: died there, Sept. 26, 1828. An American poet and journalist. He was editor of the "Connecticut Mirror" (1822-27). He published a volume of poems (1825), a second enlarged edition of which appeared (1832), with a sketch of the author by John G. Whittier, under the title of "Literary Remains." Braine-l' 'Alleud, or Braine-la-Leude (brānlä-led'), Flem. Eigen-Brakel. A manufacturing town in the province of Brabant, Belgium, 12 miles south of Bru els. It was the scene of part of the operations of the battle of Waterloo. Population (1890), 7,296. Braine-le-Comte (brān-lê-kônt'), Flem. 's Graven Brakel. A town in the province of Hainaut, Belgium, 14 miles northeast of Mons. Population (1890), 8,790. Brainerd (bra'nerd), David. Born at Haddam, Conn., April 20, 1718: died at North amp ton, Ma ., Oct. 9, 1747. An American mi ionary among the Indians. His biography was written by Jonathan Edwards (1749: enlarged edition 1822). Brain tree (brān'trē). A town in E ex, England, 11 miles northeast of Chelmsford. Population (1891), 5,303. Brain tree. A town in Norfolk County, Ma achusetts, 10 miles south of Boston. Population (1890), 4,848. Brain worm (brān'werm). In Ben Jonson's "Every Man in his Humour," a servant of old Knowell, witty and shrewd, whose various disguises contribute to the perplexities and elaboration of the plot. Brake (brä'ke). A town of Oldenburg, Germany, until 1888 a free port, situated on the Weser 22 miles northwest of Bremen. Braklond (brak'lond), Long and Little. Two ancient streets in St. Edmundsbury, England. See Jocelin de Brakelonde . Bramah (brā'ma), Joseph. Born at Stain borough, Yorkshire, England, April 2, 1749: died at Pimlico, Dec. 9, 1814. An English mechanician and engineer. He patented the Bramah lock in 1784, and the hydraulic pre in 1796. Bramante Bramante (brä-män'te), Donato d'Angnolo. Born at Monti Asdrualdo, near Urbino, about 1444: died March 11, 1514. A celebrated Italian architect. He studied painting before architecture. About 1472 he established himself in Milan, and lived in northern Italy the greater part of his life. He abandoned Milan for Rome in 1499, and became the greatest master of the Roman style growing about the tique ruins. His principal works in Rome are: (a) The Chancelleria built for the Cardinal Raffaello Riario, nephew of Pope Sixtus IV., his first work in Rome. The columns in the famous courtyard were taken from the old Basilica of San Lorenzo in Damaso, and were originally taken from the Portico of Pompey. (6) The Tempietto (1502). (c) Palazzo Giraud-Torlonia (1503). (d) The cloisters of Santa Maria dell a Pace (1504). He was employed by Popes Alexander VI. and Julius II. His works at the Vatican were the long gallery connecting the old palace with the Belvedere, the court of the Loggia finished by Raphael, containing the frescos of Raphael, and the first plan of St. Peter's. (See St. Peter's .) Bramante's design has been considered by Michelangelo and all architectural critics as the best of the many which were made for this church. It was a Greek cro with a dome and two spires, and instead of the single great order of the interior employed two orders superimposed as in the Ospidali Maggiori. The first stone was laid on April 18, 1506. As a military engineer Bramante a isted Julius II. in the sieges of Bologna and Mirandola, and built the fine old fort at Civita Vecchia near Rome. Brambanan (bräm-bänän). A village in southern Java, 10 miles east of Djokjo-kart a, noted for ruins of temples. Bramble (bram'bl), Frederick. The nephew of Sir Robert in Colman's play "The Poor Gentleman." He is generous, enthusiastic, and the preserver of Emily. He insults her abductor "with all the civility imaginable." Bramble, Matthew. In Smollett's novel "Humphrey Clinker," a hot-tempered, kindhearted, gouty squire, whose opinions are supposed to represent Smollett's. Bramble, Sir Robert. In Colman's play "The Poor Gentleman," a character of the same stamp as Matthew Bramble. Bramble, Tabitha. The sister of Matthew Bramble, a prying and ugly old maid, "exceedingly starched, vain and ridiculous," who finally insnares "the immortal Lismahago." Bramhall (bram'hal), John. Born at Pontefract, Yorkshire, England, 1594: died in Ireland, June, 1663. An English prelate in Ireland, and controversialist. He became bishop of Derry in 1634; was impeached by the Irish House of Commons, March 4, 1641, and arrested on the charge of compli city in the alleged treason of Str afford; was liberated, without acquittal, through the exertions of U her with the king, 1641; retired to Hamburg after the battle of Marston Moor, 1644; became archbishop of Armagh 1661; and in the same year became speaker of the Irish House of Lords. He induced the Church of Ireland to embrace the Thirty-nine Articles, and disputed with Hobbes on liberty and nece ity. Durham, England, Aug. 19, 1744: died at London, Sept. 11, 1806. An English antiquary and topographer, rector of the parishes St. Mary-at-Hill and St. Andrew Hubbard in the city of London. He published "Observations on Popu lar Antiquities: including the whole of Mr. Bourne's 'Anti quit ates Vulgares,' etc." (1777), and other works. Brand an. See Brendan. Brande (brand), William Thomas. Born at London, Feb. 11, 1788: died at Tun bridge Wells, England, Feb. 11, 1866. A distinguished English chemist. He became profe or of chemistry to the Apothecaries' Company 1812; profe or of materia medic a 1813; master of the company 1851; was profe or of chemistry at the Royal Institution 1813-54; became superintendent of the die department of the mint 1825, and of the coining department 1854; and edited with M. Fara day the "Quarterly Journal of Science and Art" (1816-36). Brandenburg (brän'den-börg). A city in the province of Brandenburg, Pru ia, situated on the Havel 35 miles west-southwest of Berlin.