WASHING MACHINES, ELECTRIC

Various types of electrically driven washing machines have made their appearance in the last decade. ‘Their design is naturally very similar to that of the larger machines, which hava been in use in commercial laundries for many years. There are three general types: 1 (a) That in which the articles to be washed are placed in a horizontal perforated wooden drum, which is immersed in hot soapy water, and given a periodically reversing rotary motion. The movement of the clothes through the water, together with their rubbing on each other and on the drum, accomplishes the washing. (b) That in which the genera i action is the same as that cited above; tho axis of the drum, however, is vertical, and may be so arranged that after the clothes are washed, the drum may be raised above the water and rotated, thereby partially drying the contents by centrifugal action. 2 That in which the clothes are placed in a tub, and subjected to a kneading motion, by two or more cone shaped ‘suction cups’, which are moved up and down by the driving mechanism. 3 That in which the clothes are placed in a rectangular tank, and given a reciprocating motion which flings the contents from end to end of the tank. WASHINGTON, N.W. state, U. 8. (47° 15’ N., 120° 40’ W.), bounded N. by Canada, E. by Idaho, S. by Oregon W. by Pacific Ocean. Surface is cro e from N. to 8. by Cascade Mts., to E. of which is a high plateau, while in the W. the country generally is mountainous and heavily wooded, with a number of fertile prairies and valleys; watered by Columbia and its affluents and by a number of le important streams. The climate is generally temperate in W.., extreme in E. Chief towns are Seattle, Olympia (cap.). Chief crops: wheat, barley, oats; horses, cattle, and sheep raised; dairy farming; fruit largely grown; large area forested; lumbering an important industry. There are excellent salmon, oyster, and other fisheries. Minerals include coal, gold, silver, copper, lead, granite, marble. Meat packing, fiour milling, and fish canning are important. Early history of Washington is identical with that of Oregon, of which it formed part until 1853. It was then organized asa terr.,and in 1889 it was admitted as a state to the Union, HExecutive is vested in governor, who is a isted by a lieut.-governor and various Officers of state, all of whom are elected for four years. Legislative power is vested in senate and house of representatives; number of representatives varies from 63 to 99, and number of senators may be from one-third to half the number of representatives. Sends two senators and five representatives to Federal Congre . Railway mileage, 7,412. Education is free and obligatory. Seattle is seat of state univ. Area, 69,127 sq. m. (including 2,291 sq. m. of water); pop. (1920) 1,356,621. See map U.S.