Royal Sovereign

1. A British line-of-battle Dec. 6, 1630, he married Helena Four ment, a niece of his ship of 100 guns and 2,175 tons register. She served in the Channel fleet 1793-95, and was the flag-ship of Vice-Admiral Cuthbert Colling wood at Trafalgar, Oct. 21, 1805. 2. A British line-of-battle ship of 120 guns and 3,144 tons register. She was cut down to one deck, armored with a water-line belt 5 inches thick, provided with 4 turrets, and launched in 1864. Royan (rwä-yon'). A seaport and sea-bathing resort in the department of Charente-Inférieure, France, situated at the mouth of the Gironde, 22 miles south of Rochefort. Population (1891), commune, 7,247. Royat (rwä-yä'). A watering-place in the department of Puy-de-Dôme, France, situated on the Tiretaine near Clermont-Ferrand. It is noted for its hot springs. Roy Bareilly. See Rai Bareli . Royer-Collard (rwä-ya'ko-lär'), Pierre Paul. Born at Sompuis, Marne, France, June 21, 1763: died at Châteauvieux, near St.-Aignan, Sept. 4, 1845. A French philosopher and statesman. He was a member of the municipal council of Paris at the beginning of the Revolution, and member of the Council of Five Hundred in 1797. He became profes. sor of philosophy in the Faculty of Letters at Paris in 1811, teaching the doctrines of the Scottish school. After the Restoration he was a leading member of the Chamber of Deputies and chief of the "Doctrinaires." He became a member of the French Academy in 1827, and president of the Chamber of Deputies in 1828. Royle (roil), John Forbes. Born at Cawnpore, British India, 1800: died at Acton, near London, Jan. 2, 1858. A British botanist. In 1822 he was as a istant surgeon to the East India Company, and from 1837 to 1856 profe or of materia medic a at King's old part of Boston. It was founded in 1630,made a city in 1846, and annexed to Boston in 1868. Roxo (rok'so or ro's ho), Cape. A cape on the coast of Sene gambia, western Africa, about 170 miles south of Cape Verd, in lat. 12° 25′ N., long. 16° 49′ W. Roxolani (roks-ō-lā'ni), or Roxalani (roks-alā'nī). A people of Sarmatian stock, living in southern Ru ia, between the Don and Dnieper, about the beginning of the Christian era. of Hindoo Medicine" (1837), "Illustrations of the Botany and other Branches of Natural History of the Himalaya Mountains" (1833-40), etc. Royton (roi'ton). A manufacturing town in Lancashire, England, situated 3 miles north of Lancas Oldham. Population ion (1891), 13,395. Rozas, Juan Martinez de. See Martinez de Rozas . Rozinante (roz-i-nanʼte). See Rosinante . Rua (rö'ä), or Barua (bä-rö'ä). A Bantu nation of the Kongo State, included in the conce ion first wife. He was famous as a colorist, and painted historical and sacred subjects, portraits, landscapes, etc. Of his pictures 89 are in Munich, 45 in the Louvre, 40 in the Belvedere at Vienna, 22 at Antwerp (besides many pictures in churches), and 11 are in the National Gallery in London. Among his chief works are "The Descent from the Cro " (Antwerp), "Elevation of the Cro ," "Fall of the Damned" (Munich), and “Rape of the Sabines" (London). Rübezahl (rü'be-tsäl). In German folk-lore, the mountain spirit of the Riesengebirge, in Silesia and Bohemia. Rubicon (röʻbi-kon). In ancient geography, a small river in Italy, near Rimini. In the later Roman republic it was the boundary between Italy proper and Cisalpine Gaul. The cro ing of it by Cæsar, 49 B. C., began the civil war. It has been identified with the Urgone and with the Uso. The most recent investigations tend to show that the Rubicon has entirely quitted its ancient course. It appears originally to have fallen into the Fiumicino, farther south, while at the present day its upper part (Urgone) unites with the Pisciatello. Baedeker , Central Italy, p. 91. Rubini (rö-bē ́nē), Giovanni Battista. Born at Romano, near Bergamo, Italy, April 7, 1795: died there, March 3, 1854. A celebrated Italian tenor singer. His first important engagement was at Naples, where he took le ons from Nozzari; but his first appearance in Paris in 1825 was the beginning of his career of great and unbroken succe . He first sang in England in 1831, and till 1843 sang there and in Paris alternately. In 1843 he set out on a tour with Liszt through Holland and Germany, but they soon separated. Rubini went on to St. Petersburg, where he sang with such effect that he was made director of singing in Ru ia. He retired from public life about 1844 with a large fortune. Rubin stein (röʻbin-stin), Anton. Born in Vol. hynia, Ru ia, Nov. 30, 1829: died near St. Peters burg, Nov. 20, 1894. A noted Ru ian pianist and composer. In 1839 he made a concert tour with his teacher Villoing; went to Paris; studied under Liszt; went to England in 1842; made other concert tours; studied for 8 years in Ru ia; and in 1856 appeared in Hamburg with many of his own compositions. From this time his succe was unbroken. He was appointed im. perial concert director in Ru ia in 1858; founded the St. Petersburg Conservatory of Music in 1862; and became its principal in 1867. He visited England and France a number of times, and the United States. His works include "Ocean Symphony, Op. 42," and other symphonies, many songs and concertos, and the operas "Feramorz,” “The De Rucellai (ro-chel-läʼē), Giovanni. Born at Flor- ence, Oct. 20, 1475: died 1526. An Italian poet and dramatist. Rückert (rük'ert), Fried rich. Born at Schweinfurt, May 16, 1788: died on his estate Neuses, near Coburg, Jan. 31, 1866. A German poet. He studied at Würzburg, Heidelberg, and Jena, at which university he settled for a time as docent, but soon renounced the position and lived in various places. In 1817 he went to Italy and spent the winter in Rome. He Ruddiman (rud'i-man), Thomas. Born at Boyndie, Banffshire, Öct., 1674: died at Edin- burgh, 1757 or 1758. A Scottish cla ical scholar. He wrote "Rudiments of the Latin Tongue" (1714), "Gram- maticæ Latinæ Institutiones" (1725, 1731), etc., and edited "Livy (1751). Ruddy gore (rud'i-gor), or the Witches' Curse. A comic opera by Gilbert and Sullivan, pro- Rudkjöbing (röd'che bing). The chief town in the island of Lan gel and, Denmark, situated in lat. 54° 56′ N., long. 10° 41′ E. It was the birth- place of Örsted. Population (1890), 3,485. Rudolf (rö'dolf) I. King of Burgundy 888-912. He originally belde couple in the deposition of Charles mitted suicide at Mierling, near Vienna, Jan. 30, 1889. Archduke and crown prince of Aus- tri a-Hungary, only son of the emperor Francis Joseph. He was a man of considerable literary attain- ments, and was a collaborator on "Die Österreichisch- Ungarische Monarchie in Wort und Bild" (1886, etc.). Rudolf, or tween 1251 and 1254. A Middle High German Rudolph, of Ems. Died in Italy be- poet. He was by birth a Swi , and probably owes his name to Hohenems, in the Vorarlberg region. He is sup- posed to have begun to write about 1225. He is the au- thor of the legendary poems "Der gute Gerhard" ("Good Gerhard") and "Barlaam und Josaphat"; the historical dramatic poems "Wilhelm von Orleans" and "Alexan- der"; and a "Weltchronik" ("Universal Chronicle"), which, however, only comes down to Solomon. This last work is dedicated to Conrad IV. with whom he went to Rudolf of Hapsburg. See Rudolf I. , German king. Rudolf, or Rudolph, of Swabia. Died Oct. 15, 1080. Duke of Swabia after 1057. He was chosen king in opposition to Henry IV. of Germany in 1077, and was supported by Pope Gregory VII. He was at war with Henry 1078-80, and was defeated in battle and slain. Rudolf, Lake. A large lake in British East Africa, northeast of Victoria Nyanza. Rudolstadt (rö'dol-stät). The capital of the principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Ger- many, situated on the Saale in lat. 50° 43′ N., long. 11° 20′ E. It has manufactures of porcelain, lati on (1890), 11,398. Rudra (rödra; with Vedic accent, rö-dra'). [Etymology and original meaning uncertain. The Hindus connect it with the root rud , to cry, and understand it as meaning 'howling, 'roaring, 'terrible.] In the Rigveda, the lord of the Maruts; the storm-god. shoots deadly darts at the earth, but he also bestows re- medial herbs and has a special power over the cattle. In the Atharvaveda he is already invoked as the master of life and death, and those of his aspects which inspire terror are exalted in preference to the beneficence which most distinguishes him in the Rigveda. Later he becomes the Rueda (rö-a'THä), Lope de. Born in Seville: tist and actor. He enjoyed great popularity during his lifetime, and occupies an important place in the history of Spanish drama as the founder of the popular national theater. Rue d'Autriche (rü dō-trēsh'). An old street within the wall of Philippe Auguste, between the Louvre and the Hôtel de Bourbon, in Paris. It extended from the Quai de l'École to the Rue St.-Honoré. In 1664 a considerable part was absorbed by the enlarge- ment of the Louvre, and the northern portion was called Rue de l'Or a to ire, from the church of that name established Rue de l'Ancienne Comédie (rü de lon-se-en' kō-mā-de'). The old road in Paris called Rue des Fo és St.-Germain-des-Prés, made on the site of the moat of the wall of Philippe Auguste, near the abbey of St.-Germain-des-Prés. The alinement was established in 1560. In 1689 the Comédie the street. Française had its house here, and gave its modern name to Rue de la Paix (rü de la pā). A street in Paris, running from the Place de l'Opéra to the Col. Rue de l'Or a to ire. See Rue d'Autriche . Rue de Rivoli (dė re-vo-lē'). An important street in Paris, leading from the Place de la Concorde to the Rue St.-Antoine, which con- nects it with the Place de la Bastille. It dates tory of Bonaparte over the Austrians at Rivoli, Jan. 14, 1797. The present street was completed in 1865. The reasons for its creation were mainly military, as it controlled the approach to the western palaces and the faubourg from the Place de la Bastille. It contains many fine shops and hotels, and pa es the Louvre, the Place du Palais Royal, the garden of the Tuileries, the Hôtel de Ville, etc. Rueil (rü-ay'). A town in the department of Seine-et-Oise, France, 4 miles west of the fort i- fications of Paris. Population (1891), 9,937. Rue St.-Antoine (rü san-ton-twän'). A street in Paris, leading from the Rue de Rivoli to the Place de la Bastille, from which point it is known as the Faubourg St.-Antoine. It was ori- ginally a Roman road leading 'from the Pont Notre Dame to Vincennes. During the middle ages it pa ed between the royal palaces of Saint-Paul and Les Tournelles. About IMG:content-0995.png:[ocr errors] Ruger (röger), Thomas Howard. Born at Lima, Lima, Livings ton Livings ton County, County N. Y., April 2, 1833. A Union general in the Civil War. He graduated at West Point in 1854, but resigned from the army in 1855- in order to take up law. He volunteered at the begin- ning of the Civil War; commanded a division at Gettys- burg; and aided in suppre ing the draft riots at New York in 1863. He became a colonel in the regular army 1866; was superintendent of West Point Academy 1871-76; and was promoted brigadier-general in 1886, and major-gen-- eral in 1895. He retired in 1897. Ruggiero, See Rogero . Ruggles (rug'lz), Timothy. Born at Rochester, Ma ., Oct. 20, 1711: died at Wilmot, Nova Sco- tia, Aug. 4, 1795. An American lawyer, and a general in the French and Indian war. He was president of the Stamp Act Congre of 1765, but refused to sign the addre es and petitions which it drew up, and was publicly censured for this by the general court. He led to the construction of the Rue de Rivoli and Caserne Napoléon by the Napoleonic dynasty. Rue St.-Denis (rü son-dė-nē'). A street in Pa- ris, leading north from the Rue de Rivoli to the Boulevard St.-Denis. Cro ing this at the Porte St. Denis, it becomes the Rue du Faubourg St.-Denis, which Ruhla (rö'lä). A town and summer resort in Thu ring i a, 6 miles south-southeast of Eisenach. It belongs partly to Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, partly to Saxe Coburg-Gotha, and has manufactures of pipes, etc. Popu lati on (1890), 5,077. 二樓 Ruhmeshalle Ruhmeshalle (rö' mes-häl-le). [G., 'hall of fame.] A Doric hall in the southwest of Munich, finished by Klenze in 1853. It is adorned with busts of noted Bavarians. Ruhmkorff (römʼkorf), He in rich Daniel. Born at Hannover, 1803: died at Paris, Dec. 21, 1877. A German-French mechanician, inventor of the "Ruhmkorff coil" (1831). He lived in Paris from 1839. Ruhr (rör). 1. A right-hand tributary of the Rhine in Pru ia. It rises in southern Westphalia and joins the Rhine at Ruhrort. Length, 146 miles.-2. See Roer . Ruhrort (rör'ort). A town in the Rhine Province, Pru ia, situated at the junction of the Ruhr with the Rhine. It has a large river harbor, and is the chief place of export for coal mined in the Ruhr basin, etc. Population (1890), 11,099. Ruisdael. See Ruysdael . Ruiz (rö-eth'), Juan, called the "Archpriest of Hita." Flourished about the middle of the 14th century. A Spanish poet of note. "He appears to have been born at Alcalá de Henares, and lived much at Guadelaxara and Hita." Ticknor . The Archpriest [of Hita, Juan Ruiz] has not, indeed, the tenderne , the elevation or the general power of Chaucer; but his genius has a compa , and his verse a skill and succe , that show him to be more nearly akin to the great English master than will be believed except by those who have carefully read the works of both.