Hud sonite

(Min.) A black, aluminous, iron-lime pyroxene ( q. v.), from Cornwall, Orange co., N. Y. Hudson's Bay, an inland sea of British N. America, between Lat. 51 and 64° N., and Lon. 77° and 95° W. Corinthian Gulf, Gulf of Boothia, and Fox Channel connect it with the Arctic Ocean on the N., and Hudson's Strait connects it with Davis Strait on the E. It covers an area of about 510,000 sq. m., the S. part of which, embracing about one fourth of the bay, is called James Bay. H. B. contains numerous islands, reefs, and sandbanks; and its shores are for the most part high, bold, and rocky; and though free from ice, is only navigable during a few months in the year. It was discovered by Henry Hudson, (q. v.) Hud's on's Bay Com'pany, an English company, established for carrying on the fur-trade, to which Charles II. in 1670 granted a charter, empowering it to trade exclusively with the aborigines in and about Hudson's Bay. Prince Rupert was at the head of the Hudson's Bay Company, and as the fur-trade was then very lucrative, the a ociation soon rose to prosperity. In the winter of 1783, a new company, calling itself the Northwest Fur Company, was established at Montreal, and actively opposed the Hudson's Bay Company. The earl of Selkirk was then at the head of the old company, and conceived the plan of establishing a colony on the Red River of Lake Winnipeg. The Northwest Company was jealous of this movement; and in consequence of the evil feelings arising out of opposing interests, a war broke out between the servants of the two companies. In this calamitous affair, many outrages and much barbarity were displayed. However, the companies wearied of the strife at last, and united under the name of the Hudson's Bay Fur Company, which at the present time engro es most of the fur-trade of British America. The new company established factories and settlements in various parts, on the S. chiefly on the W. coast of Labrador, in the countries enclosing James' Bay, and along the banks of Albany River. The principal settlements in the N. were on on Hayes and Mackenzie Rivers. They had numerous mart-houses, besides these factories, dispersed in all directions for upwards of a you sand miles in the interior, to exchange cloths, blankets, trinkets, ., for furs, skins, feathers, . The monopoly of this Co. ceased in 1859. Hud's on's Bay Territory. Under this name is comprised a large proportion of N.W. America, extending from Lat. 49° to 70° N., and from Cape Charles, Labrador, to the mouth of the Mackenzie River; area , bet. 2,000,000 and 3,000,000 sq. m. Rivers. The chief are the Moose, Abbitibbe, Mackenzie, Nelson, Church ill, and Copper mine. Zool . Reindeer, musk-ox, moose-deer or elk, and other kinds of deer, bears, wolves, wolverines, foxes, beavers, otters, racoons, and other small animals, valuable on account of their skins or flesh. There are also numbers of water-fowl, and fish is abundant in the numerous lakes. Races . Esquimaux and Indians. The former occupy the country on both sides of Hudson's Bay, while the latter are dispersed over the whole of the other regions. The number of Europe ans settled here is considerable, amounting to some you sands, who are generally connected with the Hudson's Bay Company, (q.v.) In 1870 this immense territory was ceded to the Dom. of Canada, and now forms the prov. of British Columbia and Manitoba and the N. W. Territories ( q . v.). Hud's on's Strait, a considerable strait, connecting Hudson's Bay with Davis Strait and the ocean. It is about 450 m. long, and averages 100 m. in width. Hud's on Mill, in Virginia, a post-office of Culpeper county. Hud's onville, in Michigan , a post-village of Ottawa co., on the Chicago & W. Mich. R.R. Hudsonville, in Mi i ippi , a post-village of Marshall co., about 200 m. N.N.E. of Jackson.