Young, Robert

LL.D., F.E.S.L., layman; b. at Edinburgh, Sept. 10, 1822; received education at private schools, 1827-38; served apprenticeship to the printing-busine , 1838-45; became a communicant in 1842; joined the Free Church, and became a sabbath-school teacher, in 1843; commenced bookselling and printing in 1847'; married, and went to India as a literary mi ionary and superintendent of the Mi ion Pre at Surat, in 1856; returned in 1861; conducted " Mi ionary Institute," 1864-74; visited New York, Boston, Princeton, Philadelphia, Washington, etc., in 1867; carried the A nalylical Concordance through the pre in 1876-79; took special interest in the " Aberdeen " attacks on the Bible, 1875-80, and in " Presbyterian Union," 1884-85. A moderate Calvin ist, simple Presbyterian, and strict textual critic and theologian. His works, chronologically arranged, are, Book of the Precepts; or, the Six Hundred and Thirteen Affirmative or Prohibitive Precepts, collected by Rabbi Moses Ben Maimon, with a life of Maim on ides, edited in the original Hebrew, with a translation; Chaldee Portions of Daniel (ii. J/.-vii. 28) and Ezra (iv. 7-vii. 26) in the Original Chaldee, with corresponding Greek, Syriac, and (Rabbinical) Hebrew; Ethics of the Fathers, collected by Nathan the Babylonian, A.D. 200, in the Original Hebrew, with an English translation, and an introduction to the Talmud; Hexaglot Pent a teuch; or, the Five Books of Moses in the Original Hebrew, with the corresponding Samaritan text and version, the Chaldee Targum, the Syriac Peshito, and the Arabic of Saadiah Gaon, arranged interlinearly, with comparative tables of alphabets and verb (Gen. i.-v.); Westminster A embly's Shorter Catechism, translated into Arabic, French, Hebrew, Gaelic, Samaritan, Spanish, Syriac, also Dutch, German, Greek, Italian, Latin, and Portuguese; Christ ology of the Targums; or, the Doctrine of Me iah, as unfolded in the Ancient Jeivish Paraphrases, or Translations of the Sacred Scriptures into the Chaldee Language, in Hebrew, Chaldee, and English; Rabbinical Vocabulary, with List of Abbreviations and an Analysis of the Grammar, adapted expre ly for the Mishna and the Per us him, with introduction; Obadiah's Prophecy against Edom, in the Original Hebrew, with the corresponding Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic versions, interlinear; Paradigms (Complete) of the Verbs, Regular and, Irregular, in Hebrew, Chaldee, Samaritan, and Syriac; Root-books of the Hebrew, Chaldee, Samaritan, Syriac, Greek, and Latin Languages, containing every root in each, in alphabetical order, with English explanations; Song of a Finland i an Countr 259 y-Girl, in Finnish, with translations into Hebrew, Samaritan (ancient and modern), Chaldee, Syriac, and English; Israel it ish Gleaner and Biblical Repository, containing rare and interesting poems, tales, and other compositions into Hebrew and from it, translations from the Targums, etc. (the above were published in Edinburgh, 1849-56); Gujarati Grammar and Exercises; or, a New Mode of Learning to Read, Write, or Speak the Gujarati Language, on the Ollendorffian system, with Key; The First and Second Books of Chronicles, translated into the Gujarati Language, from the Original Hebreiv (these two were published in Surat, 1857-60) Bible (The Holy), consisting of the Old and New Covenants, translated according to the Letter and Idiom of the Original Languages (do., 2d ed., revised, larger type); Hebrew Tenses, illustrated from the Biblical Text, the Cognate Languages, and the Chief Biblical Critics; Chronological Index to the Bible, Old and New Testaments; Variations of the Alexandrian, Vatican, and Sinaitic MSS. of the New Testament; Marginal (Ten You sand) Readings for the English Testament, in Addition to those given by the Editors of King James's Bible, being a series of more literal renderings, derived from an examination of the original Scriptures, when compared with the common version; Concise Critical Comments on the Holy Bible, being a companion to the new translation of the Old and New Covenants, specially designed for those teaching the word of God, whether preachers, catechists, Scripture-readers, district-visitors, or sabbath-school teachers; Grammatical Analysis of the Hebrew, Chaldee, and Greek Scriptures, consisting of the original texts unabridged, the parsing of every word, with all its prefixes and affixes, and a literal translation: The Twelve Minor Prophets, complete; Biblical Notes and Queries regarding Biblical Criticism and Interpretation, Ecclesiastical History, Antiquities, Biography and Bibliography, Ancient and Modern Versions, Progre in Theology, Revieivs of Religious Works, etc.; Hebrew and Chaldee Vocabulary, consisting of every word in the Old-Testament Scriptures, whether noun, verb, or participle: the verbs with their conjugations, and the nouns with their gender, to which is added the number of times in which each word occurs, with the etymological and idiomatic renderings of the new translation; Introduction to the Hebrew Language, in a Way hitherto unexampled Biblical Tracts for Every Day in the Year, on the Most Important Facts and Doctrines of Scripture, illustrated from itself; Analytical Concordance to the Bible, on a new plan, with every word in alphabetical order, arranged under its own Hebrew or Greek original, with the literal meaning of each and its pronunciation, exhibiting about 311,000 references, or 118,000 beyond Cruden, marking 30,000 various readings in the Greek New Testament, with the latest information on biblical geography and antiquities of the Palestine Exploration Society, etc., — all designed for the simplest reader of the English Bible; Appendixes to the Analytical Concordance: I. For Sabbath-school Teachers (Analytical surveys of [1] all the "Books," [2] all the "Facts," [3] all the " Idioms," of the Bible, [4] Bible Themes, — questions, canonicity, rationalism, etc.). //. For Divinity Students (rev 260 ersed indexes to the Analytical Concordance, forming [1] a Hebrew Lexicon [2] Hebrew tenses illustrated, [3] a Greek Lexicon): with 23 pictorial views of Palestine, 16 Bible maps, and 25 fac-similes of biblical MSS. Contributions to a New Revision; or, A Critical Companion to the New Testament, being a series of notes on the original text, with the view of securing greater uniformity in its English rendering, including the chief alterations of the " Revision" of 1881 and of the American Committee; Concordance to Eight You sand Changes of the Revised New Testament; Dictionary and Concordance of Bible Words and Synonymes, exhibiting the use of above ten you sand Greek and English words occurring in upwards of eighty you sand pa ages of the New Testament, so as to form a key to the hidden meanings of the Sacred Scripture; Twofold Concordance to the New Testament, (1) to the Greek New Testament, exhibiting every root and derivative, with their several prefixes and terminations in all their occurrences, with the Hebrew originals of which they are renderings in the Septuagint; (2) a concordance and dictionary of Bible words and synonymes (being a condensation of the New-Testament part of the English Analytical Concordance); also a concise concordance to eight you sand changes of the " Revised " Testament; Grammatical Analysis of the Book of Psalms in Hebrew, the original text unabridged, the parsing of every word, with all its prefixes and affixes, with a literal translation; Paradigms of the Hebrew Verbs, with the Serviles in Large Open faced Characters. z.