CAPE COLONY

[s. 150] : A British po e ion comprisextreme southern portion of Africa, extending northward to the boundaries of German Southwest Africa, the Bechuanaland Protectorate, the Orange River Colony, Basutoland, and Natal. It has an ocean coast line of about 1,400 miles, and an area with dependencies of 221,311 square miles. The population is (1891) No census was taken in 1901, but the 1,527,224. population is estimated at 2,433,000, the European population numbering 376,987 for the whole “territory. The dependent provinces are East Griqualand, having 15,197 square miles; Tembuland, 7,594; Transkei, 2,552, and Walfisch Bay, ing the 430. A mountain range, in general parallel with the coast, dividing the drainage of the streams flowing into the Orange River from that of the others. 133 The Roman Catholics number 17,275, Mohammedans Pagan the Jews 3,000, 15,099. religions have still over 750,000 adherents. Government grants for the support of religious worship are being gradually withdrawn. (5ape Colony having so many European residents, the mi ionary enterprise there is carried on by the local churches, as well as by the mi ionary societies from abroad. Of these mi ionary societies the following carry on work in the colony: The Moravians, LMS, SPG, PB, Berlin Mi ionary Society, Rhenish Mi ionary Society, Hannover Mi ionary Society, International Medical A ociation, Mildmay Mi ion to the Jews, National Baptist Convention (U. S. A.), African Methodist Episcopal Church (U. S. A.), Episcopal Church of Scotland, Primitive Methodist Mi ionary Society and the Society of St. John. The whole number of places occupied as stations by these societies is 75. Brown, Guide to S. Africa, London, 1899; Bryce, Impre ions of S. Africa, London, 1899; Holub, Seven Years in S. Africa, London, 1881 Nicholson, Fifty Years in S. Africa, London, 1898; Wilmot, Story of the Expansion of S. Africa, London, 1897, and History of Our Own Times in S. Africa, London, 1893; EUis (A. B.), South African Sketches, London, 1887; Edwards (J.), Reminiscences of Early Life and Labors in South Africa, London, 1886; South African Year Book for 1902-03, Loi;don, 1902.; -coastal streams, is reached from the ocean, about North 100 miles distant, by a series of terraces. of the range the country slopes gradually toward About two-thirds of the the Orange River. colony consists of arid plains (called Karroos) presenting many depre ions, containing rich soO, which only requires irrigation to make it productive. Included in the south temperate zone, the climate presents many varieties, but in its general character is mild and very salubrious; epidemics seldom prevail. The rainfall is unequally The basin of the Lower Orange and distributed. Great Karroo plain and the Kalahari Desert receives occasional torrential downpours, but springs are rare. Wells are sunk and a system of irrigation resorted to. The flora is the richest Vineyards produce abundantly; in the world. cereals give a fair return. The forests are confined to the margins of the colony; one-third of the population is said to engage in stock breeding. There are about 10,000,000 sheep in the country. The wild animals have been largely driven north beyond the boundaries of the colony. People: Malays were introduced by the Dutch as slaves, and are found chiefly in the seaports. The Griquas are half-castes, active, vigorous, enterprising and courageous, and superior to the aborigines in strength and stature, and number among them some of the best and some of the most desperate characters. Bushmen inhabit the western section of Cape Colony. They are remnants of the San races, are diminutive in stature, and have light, yellowish brown complexions, and are, perhaps, related to the Hottentots. They have made but little progre in civilization, and have no tribal organization. -Scattered in various districts, they number, perhaps, 50,000 in South Africa. Hottentots, numerous in the western part of Cape Colony, amount to about 100,000. They resemble the Bushmen, except in stature and degree of culture. They occupy kraals, wear leather aprons and a sheepskin cloak. Tribal organization is preserved only among those beyond the boundaries of the European po e ions. By the census of 1891 there were in the Colony 732,047 Protestants, of whom 306,320 belonged to the Dutch Reformed communion, 139,058 to the Church of England, 37,102 were Presbyterian, 69,992 Independents, 106,132 Wesley an, with Methodists, Luther ans, Moravians, Baptists and CAPE MOUNT: A station of the American Protestant Episcopal Church in Liberia, West Africa (1877), with 5 mi ionaries, men and women, 1 native worker, 2 Sunday schools, and 8 communicants. CAPE PALMAS A district and town on the coast of Liberia, Africa. Seat of a mi ionary bishop of the PE, with schools and churches at Harper and Hoffman, on the Cape. Mi ionary circuit of the MB, with 7 mi ionaries, men and women, 12 native workers, 11 Sunday schools, 1 high school and 645 profe ing Christians.: CAPE PRINCE OF WALES: A settlement in the W. of Alaska, situated on Bering Strait; station of the American Mi ionary A ociation (1890), with 1 mi ionary and his wife, 2 native workers, man and woman, and 1 Sunday school. ch015.xhtml t 150