examinant (egzaminant)

[ The examinants or posers were Dr. Duport, Greek Profe or at Cambridge; Dr. Fell, Deane of Christ Church, Oxon; etc. Evelyn, Diary, May 13, 1661. One window was so placed as to throw a strong light at the foot of the table at which prisoners were usually posted for examination, while the upper end, where the exam i nants sat, was thrown into shadow. Scott , Heart of Mid-Lothian, xiii. examinate (eg-zam'i-nāt), n. [L. exam in at us, pp. of exam in are , examine: see examine .] A person examined. Many inquisitions therefore by torments holden one after another, and some examinates through exce ive and dolorous tortures killed. Holland , tr. of Ammianus, p. 363. He asked in scorne one of the examinates,... "Ipray, sir, if Ser i bon i an us had been an Emperor, what would you have done?" Bacon, Apophthegms. The examinate found it so difficult to answer the question that he suddenly became afflicted with deafne . Kingsley, Westward Ho, p. 52. Entrance examination, an examination for admi ion to a school, college, etc. Examination in chief, the questioning of a witne by the party who has put him of the stand, for the purpose of eliciting the testimony to give which he is called: distinguished from the subsequent cro - examination by the opposite party, and reexamina tion by the former party. - Examination of party, a proceeding allowed under the new forms of legal procedure to compel an adverse party to submit to interrogation in advance of the trial. Examination of the brackets. See bracket1, 5.- Examination on the voir dire, a preliminary interrogation of a witne by the party adverse to him who called him, allowed on a trial at common law, to ascertain whether he is competent, etc. Middle-cla examinations. See middle -cla . Pa examination, an examination in which the leading object is to insure a certain standard, required as a qualification for employment in the civil service, or the like. Senate House examination, the examination for degrees and honors in the University of Cambridge, England. It was to correct this fault that the Senate House exam i nation was introduced, and I am inclined to think that it had its origin about the year 1780. W. W. R. Ball , Mathematical Tripos. =Syn. 1. Examination , Inquiry , Investigation , Inquisition, Scrutiny, Search , Research , Inspection ; overhauling, probing, canva ing. Examination is the general word; where it is applied to any work of severity, thoroughne , etc., the fact is expre ed by a strong adjective or other modifier: as, a superficial, thorough, brief, protracted, or searching examination into facts, into a question, of a candidate, or of a locality or premises. Inquiry is made by asking questions, but figuratively by study or investiga tion : as, an inquiry into the value of circumstantial evidence. An investigation is an examination long enough, systematic enough, and minute enough to be thorough. An inquisition is something still more thorough and searching than an investigation , implying vigor with severity; in modern times it generally implies a somewhat hostile spirit, or that from which the person concerned would shrink. Scrutiny is primarily a close examination with eye: as, scrutiny of Sw.examination = F. examination = Pr. Sp. ex am in a cion = Pg. exam in ação = It. esaminazione, (L. examinatio ( n- ), The proper office of examination , enquiry, and ratioci nation is, strictly speaking, confined to the production of a just discernment and an accurate discrimination. Cogan , The Pa ions, ii., Int. Nothing that is self-evident can be the proper subject of examination . South , Works, V. vii. 2. In legal proceedings: (a) An inquiry into facts by evidence; an attempt to ascertain truth by questioning: as, the examination of a witne . The steps in the examination of a witne are the examination in chief, or direct examination by the party calling him, and the cro - examination by the opposite party; after which may follow a reexamination or re direct examination by the former, a re -cro - examination by the latter, etc. The king's attorney, on the contrary, Urg'd on the examinations, proofs, confe ions Of divers witne es. Shak ., Hen. VIII., ii. 1. There remained examinations and cro - examinations , bickerings between the managers of the impeachment and the counsel for the defence. Macaulay , Warren Hastings. ( b ) In criminal law, in particular, an inquiry conducted by a magistrate before whom a prisoner is brought charged with crime, to ascertain whether he should be held, bailed, or discharged. It is conducted by questioning the witne es offered, and receiving the voluntary statement, if any, of the prisoner. (c) The result of judicial inquiries; testimony taken and duly reduced to writing. Master constable, let these men be bound, and brought to Leon a to; I will go before, and show him their exam i nation . Shak., Much Ado, iv. 2. 3. A proce prescribed or a igned for testing the qualifications, capabilities, knowledge, experience, or progre of a person who is a can occupation, school or other organization, etc.: didate for some position or rank in a profe ion, as, the examination of a candidate for admi ion to the ministry or bar; the periodical exam in a tion of a school. To animate the students in the pursuit of literary merit and fame, there shall be annually a public exam in a tion , in the presence of a joint committee of the Corporation and Overseers. Revised Laws of Harvard College , 1790. 4. Trial or a ay by the appropriate methods or tests, as of minerals or chemical compounds. -- examination, in med . , an examination or exploration made with the fingers. Bob made what a surgeon would call a exam in a tion of the dungeon door. E. Eggleston , The Graysons, xxiv. nation by the mind: as, the careful scrutiny of evidence. Search is the effort to find primarily that which may be seen, but secondarily that which may be apprehended by the mind; as, the search for a lost coin, or for a clue to a mystery. Research is search only of the second cla above, and in out-of-the-way fields of knowledge; as, archæologi. cal research, Inspection, literally a looking into, is sometimes a rather general word and equivalent to exam in a tion; but more often it implies an official examination. as, an inspection of work done under contract; the sanitary inspection of a jail, or of a ship just come into port. It is po ible then, without disloyalty to our convictions, to examine their grounds, even though they are to fail under the examination , for we have no suspicion of this failure. J. H. Newman , Gram. of A ent, p. 184. A careful.. Inquiry into the modern prevailing Notions of that Freedom of the Will which is supposed to be E ential to Moral Agency. Edwards (title of treatise). I have been speaking of investigation , not of inquiry ; it is quite true that inquiry is inconsistent with a ent, but inquiry is something more than the mere exercise of inference. J. H. Newman , Gram. of A ent, p. 181. Davenant emulated Spenser; and if his poem "Gondibert" had been as good as his preface, it could still be read in another spirit than that of investigation . Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 37. The judges shall make diligent inquisition . Deut. xix. 18. Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view And narrower scrutiny . Milton , P. R., iv. 515. Search for the truth is the noblest occupation of man, its publication a duty. Madame de Staël , Germany (trans.), iv. 2. Oh! rather give me commentators plain, Who with no deep researches vex the brain. Crabbe, Parish Register, i., Int. The measurele region of scientific Research is not only capable of calling out every intellectual faculty, but is one in which no exercise is sterile. G. H. Lewes, Probs, of Life and Mind, Int. I. 1. § 24. The habit of believing what will not bear inspection has completely become a second nature to men. H. N. Oxenham , Short Studies, p. 266. examinational (eg-zam-i-na's hon-al), a . [ ex am in at i on + -al . ] Of or pertaining to examination. The extortionate examinational aberration which brings the cramming system into existence. W. B. Richardson, Prevent. Med., p. 657. He [Dr. Michael Foster) was sorry to say that he knew some who had succeeded to the fullest extent during the examinational period of their life, yet did not maintain their prestige as time rolled on. Pop . Sci. Mo., XXV. 282. examination ism (eg-zam-i-na's hon-izm), n. [ tice of or reliance upon examinations as tests of fitne , qualifications, progre , etc. A reaction against that miserable examination ism which earns for us the title of the "Chinese of Europe." n. London Jour. Sci ., No. cxxiv., p. 240. examination-paper (eg-zam-i-na's hon-pā"pėr), 1. A written or printed printed series of questions, problems, or other matters, to be answered or worked out, to demonstrate the knowledge, skill, or progre of the person examined. A goodly supply of questions is already at hand in the examination - papers set at the Institute in past years. Nature , XXXVII. 458. 2. A written series of answers or solutions by a person examined. examinator