AGARIC US

(Lat.), n. m. A*g(a3g)-atr(a>r)i?k-u3s(uts). For deriv. and foreign equivalents, see AGARIC. 1, A genus of hymenomycetous F'ungi (Carposporeæ) belonging to the order Agaric in i, distinguished by the fleshy character of the hat-sha cap, or ileus, and by the gill-like, spore-bearing laminae which the latter Bears upon its inferior surface, which are composed of 2 readily separable parallel lamellæ inclosing a filamentous ti ue continuous with the substance of the pileus. It comprises about 1,300 species, which are arranged, according to the character of the spores, into 5 series, and these again are divided into 36 subgenera. Series A, the LEUCOSPORI, or Agarici with white spores (and with lamellæ which do not change their color), comprises the following subgenera: 1. Amanita, which includes the more permanent species provided with a double universal veil (volva), and in some cases with an enveloping ring (annulus). 2. Lepiota [Fries], in which there are a simple universal veil and a ring. 3. Armillaria fae with a petal veil (velum) and a ring. 4. Tricholoma [Fries], with a very fugacious flocculose veil and emarginate or rounded lamellæ. 5. Clitocybe [Fries], without a veil, with a fleshy pileus, convex in the younger specimens, depre ed in the older, and with lamellæ adnate or stronely decurrent. 6. Collybia [Fries], including small dry species with a fteshy-membranous flattish pileus, having its margin at first involute, and with non-decurrent lamella. 7. Mycena [Fries], including slender species with a hollow stalk (stipes) and a membranous bell-shaped pileus. 8. Omphali a |Fries}, with a fleshy or fleshy-membranous pileus, umbilicated in the younger specimens. 9. Pleurotus, with stipes eccentric or lateral. Series B, the Hyporrhodii, or rose-spored Agarici, comprises the sub-genera: 10. Volvaria [Fries], distinguished by the decidedly developed universal veil or volva. 11. Annular i a [Schulz], containing a few species provided with a ring. 12. Pluteus fEties|, with no veil, and with the pileus and lamell distinct from the stipes. 13. Entoloma [Fries], with lam inæ adnate or just parting from the fleshy stipes, which is also continuous with the pileus. 14. Clitopilus [Fries], with decurrent lamellae prey poe) pileus confluent with the fleshy or fibrous stipes. Mouceron, a subgenus formerly recognized, including A. prunulus, is now referred to Clitopilus. 15, Lepton i a [Fries], including small species with a fleshy or membranous Peau which, at first convex, afterward becomes flat. 16. Nolanea [Fries], with a slender hollow stipes and bell-shaped pileus. 17. Eccilia [Fries], with an umbilicate pileus and adnate decurrent lamellæ. 18, Claudopus [Smith], including species by some referred to Creidotus in the next series. Series C, the DERMINI, or Agarici, with ‘erruginous spores (and discolored, rather persistent lamellæ), comrises the subgenera: 19. Pholiota [Fries], with a dry woven veil Patines ring upon the stipes. 20. Inocybe [Fries], with a fugacious veil formed of the longitudinal fibres of the pileus and with whitish lamella, 21. Hebeloma [Fries], with a marginal fugacious veil and emarginate lamella. 22. Flammula [Fries], with a fugacious veil, a fleshy convex pileus, and lamellæ not emarginate. 23. Naucoria [Fries], including small species with a flattish fleshy membranous it and cinnamon-colored lamellae, 24. Pluteolus [Fries], including 2 or 3 species intermediate in character between Galera and Naucoria. 25. Galera [Fries], with a hollow slender stipes and a bell-shaped membranous eters 26. Tubaria [Smith], com peste, some species taken from Naucoria or other subgenera. re] A pidotus [Fries], with an eccentric or se ile pileus. Series D, the TELLI, or Agarici with brownish-purple spores. comprises the subgenera: 28. Clitonia [Fries], with a small volva, a viscid yellowish pileus, and sooty-black lamellæ. 20, Psalliota [Fries], With a veil having the shape of a ring adherent to the stipes. 30, Pilosace [Fries], including but a single species. 31. Stropharia [Fries], including species with usually adnate or decurrent lamellæ, separated from Psalliota. 32. Hypholoma [Fries], with a fugacious marginal veil, emarginate lamellæ, and a bulbous stipes. 33. Psilocybe, with a fugacious non-annular veil, a somewhat fey, ileus having the margin at first incurved, and the stipes not bul- Fons. 34. Psathyra [Fries], without a veil, with a somewhat membranous, often bell-shaped, pileus, and with a brittle etlpee: Series E, the CoPRINARII, or Agarici with black spores, comprises the subgenera: 35. Panæolus, with the veil, when present, interwoven, and the margins of the rather fleshy pileus extending beyond the lamella, which are somewhat clouded. 36. Psathyrella, with a veil not interwoven and a membranous pileus, the margin of which does not extend beyond the lamellæ., These last two subgenera are sometimes nnited into a single subgenus, Coprinarius. Some of the subgenera past given, especially Amanita and Lepiota, and le often Armillaria, Tricholoma, and Volvaria, are often raised to the rank of distinct genera. On the other hand, by the older writers, the genus A. was held to include species now grouped under other genera of the Agaric in i, notably under Hygrophorus (the old subenus Limacium of A.), Coprinus (the subgenus Coprinus of A.), rtinarius (the subgenera Telamon i a, Inoloma, Dermocybe, and Myzxacium of A.), Paxillus (the subgenus Tapinea of A.), Ru ula (the subgenus Ru ula of A.), Lactarius (the subgenus Galarrhaus of A.), Can thar ell us, Marasmius, Lent in us, Panus, Bolbitius, and Gomphidius. 2 A sort of fungus growing upon trees, now a igned to the genus Polyp or us (formerly to Boletus); especially the Polyp or us officinal is, igniarius, and fomentarius.’ 3. When’ used ue out qualification, white agaric or Polyp or us officinal is, [B, 19, 46, 61, 71, 74,105, 147, 148.]—Agarici coprinarii, Agarici dermini, Agarici hyporrhodii, Agarici leucospori, Agarici pratelli. See under A. (1st def.), Series E, or Coprinartt, Series C, or DERMINI, etc.—A.acrls. See LACTARIUS acris, LACTARIVS con trovers us, and Lactarius piper at us.—A. serugineus [Schumacher]. See A. odor us.—A, æruginosus [Curtis]. A poisonous species belonging to the subgenus Stropharia, with the pets at first of an æruginous color, afterward becoming paler, and the stipes floccose below the ring. [B, 74.] A. agrestis [Withering]. A variety of À. deal bat us. |B, 71.]}—A. albellus Urries|, Fr., mou e ron de France, vrai-mou e ron. Syn.: Hypophyllum a rom at i cum [Paulet}. An edible French species belonging to Tricholoma, remarkable for its milky whitene and its musky odor. [B, 74, 105, 106.)—A. alb us. i. White agaric. See Potyrorus officinal is. 2. The name given by Schiffer to a ee of A. belonging to the subgenus Tricholoma. [B, 74.]—A. all i at us, See MARASMIUS scorodonius.—A. alutaceus. 1. A species now referred to Ru ula. See RUSSULA alutacea. 2, A species established by Per so on, placed in the subgenus Annular i a of A. [B, 71, 74.J—A. alutaris [Per so on]. The À. campestris. [B, 149.]—A. amanita [Schumacher], See A. gracilentus—A. amarus. 1. Of Bulliard, the A. fascicular is. 2. Of Schäffer, the Lactarius piper at us. [B, 104, 105.]—A. aumethysteus [Bulliard]. A. laccatus.. [B, 149.|-A. amethy as. Fr., lomet, palomette des Béarna is, colombe, mou e ron (all of ist lef.). Syn.: A. palometus [De Candolle], Hypophyllum palumbinum [Paulet] (both of 1st def.), 1. A. a.of Scopoli. An edible European species belonging to Tricholoma, distinguished by the white pileus with lilac spots and the white stipes and lamellæ. 2. A.a. of Hudson, See A. laccatus. [B, 74, 104, 105, 149.]—A. amygdalin us [Curtis]. An edible American s; ti imus [Lasch.]. A species, probably edible, belonging to Collybia, with white very thickly set; narrow lamellae and a flexuous stipes. [B, 74.|—A. an is at us [Per so on]. Fr., agaric anisé: ” A, odor us. [B, 149.J—A. aunularis [De c‚mdoue%‚ A. anuulatins [Bullïardj. 'Fr.,agaric annulaire. See A, melleus. [B, 104, 105, 149.]—A. aquifolil [Fries]. Fr., agarie du houx. A European species said to be edible, belonging to Pleurotus, distinguished from A. olearius by its white stipes and the le distinctly marked lamel- Jee, which at their inner (epatenia) extremities are joined together to form a ring. [B, 74, 101.]—A, arcuatus [Bulliard]. A. geminus [Fries]. [B.]—A. arenarius [Later rade]. A. bufonius. [B, 105.] —A. arvensis [Schiffer]. Ger., Schafchampignon. Meadow mushroom, horse-mushroom; an edible species belonging to the subgenus Psalliota, closely allied to A, campestris, of which it is regarded as a variety by some. -It is distinguished from the latter chiefly by its hollow stipes and its broad double ring. It sometimes reaches a very great size. [B, 61, 74, 106.|—A. at ramen tar i us. Coprinus at ramen tar i us. {B,105.j—A; at ramen to sus [Kalch], A species belonging to Collybia, distinguished by its black flesh and the dark hue of its pileus, stipes, and closely set, rather narrow lamellæ. It is said to contain dioxyquinone. [B,5,74.]—A.attenuatus. See A. cylindraceus.—A. auvantiacus [Bulliard]. See A. cas are us, [B, 93, 106.] See also Lacrarivs aurantiacus and HyGROPHORUS conic us.—A. auratus. 1. Of Fries, a species belonging to Tricholoma with a smooth yellow pileus, afterward changing to red, and yellow lamellæ. 2. Of Withering, the A. xanthopus of Fries. 3. A’ name iven to species now referred to Cortinarius and Ru ula. [B, 71, 74,|—A. auriculæ form a, A. auricula Judæ. Hirneola aurieula Jude. [B, 61.|—A. auriculatus [Dubois]. Fr., oreillette. An edible French species [B, 88], probably À. eryngit. IBA. aurivenius [Batsch]. À. rimosus. & 149.] » badius [Delile]. A. vag in at us. [B, 105.]— À. bifid us[Bulliard]. Ru ula virescens. [B, 150.]—A. bombycinus [Schäffer]. An edible species, occurring in the United States and Europe, although rarely in England, belonging to the subgenus Votvaria, having a dry fibrillous pileus and solid stipes. [B, 61, 74. JA brevipes (Bulliavdl. Fr., tortue, bouclier, Syn.: Hypophyltum testudo. A species said to be edible, belonging to Tricholoma and distinguished by its short, solid, rigid, dark-colored stipes. [B, 61, 74, 105.|—A. bufonius [Bulliard], fr dore soufrée. Syn.: Hypophyllum aureo-sulfureum [Paulet]. An A section of the young plant, AGARIC US CAMPESTRIS. (AFTER B. FRANK [B, 49].) edible species belonging to Tricholoma, having an agreeable taste and a marked odor. It resembles the poisonous A. sulfureus, from which it is distinguished chiefly by its le pronounced sulphur color, its striated flocculose stipes, and its more closely set lamellæ. [B, 74, 105.]—A. bulbosus. 1. Of Sowerby, the Cortinarius bulbosus. 2. Of Bulliard, also called Amanita bulbosa, a species comprising the nera A. virosus, A. phalloides, A. vernus, and A, mappa.—A. ullaceus [Bulliard]. A species belonging to Psilocybe with a tawny-brown pileus, fibrillous stipes, and adnate iron-colored lamellæ. [B,74.|—A. cvesareus [Scopoli]. Fr., oronge. Ger., Kaiser ling, Kaiserschwamm. Syn.: Amanita cœsarea (seu aurantiaca); Hypophyllum cœsareum {Paulet]. Golden agaric; a very excellent le species belon;îing to the suborder Amanita, distinguished by its orange-colored pileus, pale-yellow lamellæ, and very large volva. [B, 19, 74, 106.|—A. cæspitosus [Curtis]. An edible’ species found in the United States growing in clusters of 50 to 100 individuals, |B, 61.]—A. campanulatus [Schrank]. 4. hypnorum. [B, 71.]—A. campestris {Linneeus), Fr., agaric champétre ow comestible, champignon de couche. Ger., Cheampignon, Drüschling. Sp., hong a, hon go de los semilleros. Syn.: Hypophyllum campestre (seu exquisitum, seu globosum). The common edible mushroom. A s} ics belonging to Psalliota, distinguished by the silky floccose or ely scaly pileus, the somewhat reddish tint of the flesh, and the kish lamellæ changing to a dark brown. There are many varieies, some of which are cultivated on a large scale, especially in France. [B, 49, 61, 74.]—A. canalicular is [Schumacher]. A. nebular is.—A. can thar ell us. See CAN THAR ELL US cibarius.—A. earneus. 1. Of Schiffer, A. laccatus. 2. Of Bulliard, a species belonging to the subgenus Tricholoma. [B, 74, 149.)—A. caryophylleus [Schiffer]. Marasmius oreades. [B, 149.|—A. case us Withering]..4. nebular is [Batsch].—A. castaneus. Fr., agaric châtain. See ConTINARIUS castaneus.—A. ceciliz [Berkeley and Br.]. A species said to be edible, belonging to Amanita. Itis nearly the same as, if not identical with, A. vag in at us, [B, 61, 147.]—A. cepæstipes [Sowerby Syn.: Lepiota cepæstipes. A poisonous species belonging to Lepiota, having a bell-shaped pileus with scattered scales and a hollow ventricose stipes. It grows ‘on the bark of trees. It presents 2 varieties, a white and a yellow, the former of which has been identified by some with the A. cretaceus of Bulliard. 71, 74, 149.]—A. chantarellu: tharellus cibarius. [B, 144.]— rurgorum. Surgeons’ agaric. Potyrorus igniarius—A. chirurgorum præparatus. Amadou. [L, 30.] —A. cinnamomeus. Cortinarius cinnamomeus. Bsa A. clavwformis, A. claviform is [Schiffer]. Hygrophorus pratensis (seu virgineus). B, 105, 149.]—A. clavus. 1. Of Schiffer, A. esculent us. 2. Of nnœus, a species belonging to Collybia,’ [B, 74.]—A. elyp lari us [Bulliard]. Fr., coulemelle, bouclier, agaric en boucli Syn.: Lepiota clypeolaria. A poisonous species belonging to Lepiota, characterized ley the epidermis of the pileus peeling off and being broken up into ferruginous scales, by the white numerous lamellæ, a sub squamose stipes, and a floccose fugacious ring. It is distinguished from A. procerus by its smaller size, its non-bulbous stipes, and. according to some, its marked odor, which, however, is coc ueaey Son ‘There are several varieties, some of which are now regarded as distinct species. [B. 71, 74, 105.]—A. coccola [Scopoli]. Syn.: Amanita coccola. An edible species belonging to Amanita, found on the shores of the Mediterranean, having a grayish-white pileus with an incurved margin. {B, 105.]—A. coll in us. 1. Of Scopoli, a species belonging to Collybia. 2. Of Per so on, the Marasmius oreades. [B, 74, 149.J—A. colubrinus. Syn.: Lepiota colubrina. 1. Of Per so on, a poisonous species now included with A. clypeolarius. 2. Of Bulliard, an edible species now referred to A. procerus. 3. Of Krombholz, a species allied to 1 and 2, and pelouriiel to Lepiota, characterized by the imbricated tomentose scales which cover the pileus. [B, 38, 74, 93, 105.|—A. columbetta [Fries]. A small species belonging to Tricholoma, growing in sandy places in Europe and the United States, with a white pileus which, at first smooth, afterward becomes scaly and cracked, and is often covered with reddish or lilac spots; said to be edible. [B, 61, 71, 74.]—A. comarus, A. comatus. See Co- PRINUS comatus.—A. conch at us EFriex]. Panus conch at us. [B, 74, 105.]—A. con greg at us [Bolton]. A. melleus. [B, 149. nicus. 1. Of Schiffer, the Hygrophorus canicus, 2. Of Picco, the À. viper in us, [B, 41, 46, 105.|—A. con soc i at us [Curtis], An edible species growing in the United States. [B, 61.]—A. contort us. A variety of A..v.). [B, 105.]—A. con trovers us [Petsoon}- See LACTARIUS con trovers us.—A. coriaceus [Light foot]. Marasmius oreades., 149.]—A. cornucopiæ [Per so on]. Panus conch at us. [B, 105.|—A. corrugis [Per so on]. À species belonging to Psathyra, with a somewhat rose-colored pileus and dark-violet lamellæ. [B, 74.]—A. corticatus [Fries]. Marasmius oreades. [B, 149.]—A. co us [Sowerby]. See HYGROPHORUS co us.—A. eras: sipes [Schiffer]. A fusipes. [B, 71.]—A. cretaceus. 1. Of Fries, an edible species belonging to Psalliota, closely allied to A. campestris, growing in the United States and Europe. It is distinguished by its white pileus, hollow stipes, and the white lamellæ, which retain their hue fora long time. 2. Of Bulliard, an edible species belonging to Lepiota, usually considered to be a variety of A. cepæ stipes, but probably distinct from the latter, [B, 46, 61, 74.]—A. eristatus [Albert in i and Schweinitz]. Syn.: Lepiota cristata, A species alleged to be poisonous, having a whitish pileus covered with reddish scales, and slender deciduous ring. It has a penetrating fœtid odor. It'is closely allied to 4. clypeolarius, of which it is sometimes regarded as a variety. [B, 46, 71, 74.)—A. erustulini-