The Lancastrian loss is stated at 28,000 killed (?)

The vic tory secured the throne to Edward IV. Toxophilus (tok-sof'i-lus): The Schools and Partitions of Shooting. [L., from Gr. τόξον, bow, and φιλεῖν , love.] A treatise relating to archery, written by Roger Ascham (1545). Toxteth Park (toks'teth pärk). A southeastern suburb of Liverpool, England. Toyama Bay (tō-yä-mä' bā). An indentation on the western shore of the main island of Japan. Toynbee Hall (to in'be hâl). An institution in White chapel, London, founded in 1885 as the outcome of plans set on foot by the members of Oxford and Cambridge universities "to provide education and the means of recreation and enjoyment for the people of the poor dis tricts of London," etc. Some of the members reside at the hall, which is something between college a club. In connection with it are Balliol House and Wadham House. It was organized and named in memory of Arnold Toynbee (1852-83), a graduate of Oxford, who de voted himself to work among the poor in White chapel and died of overstrain, and from whose example sprang the idea of such a residence house. Trachenberg (trä'chen-berg). A small town in the province of Silesia, Pru ia, situated on an The play called the "Trachiniæ,” or “Women of Trachis," because these form the chorus, tells how Deianeira, living at Trachis in The aly, learns that Heracles has with the blood of the Centaur Ne us, knowing that it is aught but a harmle love-charm; and how Heracles, in mortal torment from the poison, bids his son Hyllus take him to the top of Mount Eta, and lay him on a funeral pyre; and thence, "wrapped in heavenly flame, is gathered to the host of the gods." Jebb , Greek Lit., p. 85. Trachis (trā'kis). [Gr. Τραχίς .] In ancient geography, a city of Greece, situated at the foot of Mount Eta near Thermopylæ. It was an important strategic point, and the legendary scene of the death of Hercules. The Spartan colony of Heraclea was established there in 426 в. с. Trachonitis (trak-ō-nī'tis). [Gr. Τραχωνίτις .] In ancient geography, a region in Syria, east or northeast of the Sea of Galilee. Tractarians. See Oxford School . Tract at us Theologico-politic us. See Spinoza . Tract No. 90. See Tracts for the Times. Tracts for the Times, or Oxford Tracts. A Transleithan i a Nerva, and succeeded him in Jan., 98. He developed the defenses of the empire on the northeastern frontier; built many roads, etc.; founded the institution of aliment a (for rearing poor children in Italy); and encouraged various reforms. He conducted about 101-106 a succe ful war against the Dacians under Decebalus; annexed Dacia to the empire; incorporated Damascus, etc., and part of Arabia; and carried on an unsucce ful war with the Parthians 114-116. There were revolts in the eastern part of the empire and among the Jews in the last part of his reign. Trajan, Arch of. See Arch of Trajan . Trajan, Bridge of. See Alcantara (Spain). Trajan, Forum of. A forum in Rome, constructed under Trajan, situated north of the Roman Forum. See Forum . Trajanopolis (traj-a-nop'ō-lis). In ancient geography, a city of Thrace, often identified with Orikhova. Trajan's Column. See Column of Trajan . Trajan's Gate. 1. A name given to the Rotherthurm Pa . - 2. A pa in the Balkans which connects Adrianople with Sofia. Trajan's Wall. 1. Remnants of a Roman fortification in Be arabia, Ru ia, between the Pruth and the Black Sea.-2. Remnants of a Roman fortification in the Dobrudja, Rumania, between the Danube and the Black Sea. Trajectum ad Rhenum (trā-jek'tum ad rē ́num). The Roman name of Utrecht. Trajetto. See Traetto . series of 90 pamphlets, published at Oxford Tralee (tra-lē'). A seaport, chief town of the from 1833 to 1841, the doctrines of which formed the basis of the Tractarian movement. The movement began as a counter-movement to the liberalizing tendency in ecclesiasticism and the rationalizing tendency in theology, and was in its first inception an endeavor bring the church back to the principles of primitive and patristic Christianity. Its fundamental principles were that the Christian religion involves certain well-defined theological dogmas, and a visible church with sacraments and rites and definite religious teaching on the foundation of dogma, and that this visible church is based upon and involves an unbroken line of episcopal succe ion from the apostles, and includes the Anglican Church. The tracts consisted of extracts from the High-church divines of the 17th century and the church fathers, with contributions by Newman, Froude, Pusey, and Isaac Williams. In the last of the series, Tract No. 90, Dr. (afterward Cardinal) Newman took the ground that the Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England are in large part susceptible of an interpretation not inconsistent with the doctrines of the Council of Trent. This tract was condemned by a number of bishops and heads of colleges, and a part of the Tractarians (among them Newman in 1845) entered the Church of Rome, others remaining with Dr. Pusey and John Keble in the Church of England, and maintaining the principles of sacramental efficacy and apostolic au thority within that communion. Tracy. See Destutt de Tracy . Tracy (tra'si), Benjamin Franklin. Born at Owego, N.Y., April 26, 1830. An American lawyer and Republican politician. He served as a volunteer in the Civil War, and was brevetted brigadier-gen eral; was United States district attorney in New York 1866-68; and was secretary of the navy 1889-93. Tracy, Joseph. Born at Hartford, Vt., Nov. 3, 1794: died at Beverley, Ma ., March 24, 1874. An American Congregational clergyman, New England secretary of the American Colonization Society. He published "The Great Awakening" (1842), “A History of the American Board, etc." (1842), etc. Traetto (trä-et'to), or Trajetto (trä-yet'to). A town in the province of Caserta, Italy, 39 miles northwest of Naples. Near it are the ruins of the ancient Minturnæ. Population (1881), 4,482; commune, 7,985. Trafalgar (traf-al-gär'), Battle of. The greatest British naval victory in the Napoleonic wars, gained off Cape Trafalgar Oct. 21, 1805. The British fleet numbered 27 ships of the line and 4 frig ates under Nelson (Colling wood second in command); the French-Spanish fleet numbered 33 ships of the line and 5 frigates under Villeneuve and the Spanish admirals Gravina and Alava. The Allies lost 19 ships. Gravina was killed and Villeneuve taken prisoner: Nelson was killed. Trafalgar, Cape. A promontory on the southern coast of Spain, projecting into the Atlantic between Cadiz and the Strait of Gibraltar, in lat. (of lighthouse) 36° 11′ N., long. 6o 2′ W. Trafalgar Square (tra-fal'gär skwar). One of the principal squares in London, about 14 miles west by south of St. Paul's. It contains the Nelson monument and the site of Charing Cro , and the National Gallery faces on it. Traitors' Gate (tra'torz gat). The South wark end of London Bridge, where after 1577 the heads of persons executed for treason were ex hibited. See London Bridge. Trajan (tra'jan) (Marcus Ulpius Trajanus), surnamed Dacicus and Part hic us. Born in Italic a, Spain, about 53 A. D.: died at Selinus, Cilicia, July or Aug., 117. A famous Roman emperor 98-117. He early entered the army; served as military tribune in various provinces; marched from Spain to Germany about 89; was made consul 91, and by Nerva consular legate in Germany; and was adopted by cou county of Kerry, Ireland, situated on the Lee (Leigh), near Tralee Bay, in lat. 52° 17′ N., long. 9° 43′ W. Population (1891), 9,318. Tralee Bay. An arm of the Atlantic on the western coast of Ireland, near Tralee. Tralles (tral'ēz). [Gr. Τράλλεις, Τράλλις.] In ancient geography, a city of Caria, Asia Minor, situated near the Meander 28 miles east-southeast of Ephesus. Trani (trä'nē). A seaport in the province of Bari, Italy, situated on the Adriatic 27 miles northwest of Bari. It has considerable trade in fruits, wine, and grain. Its cathedral is a basilica of the 12th century, with three apses and a large crypt. The Norman tower, of five tiers, is imposing; the round-arched rece ed portal is delicately sculptured; the doors are of bronze, with 42 relief-panels ranking with the finest Romanesque metal-work in southern Italy. The crypt is remarkable for its choir and its beautiful columns. Trani, the ancient Turenum, was a flourishing commercial city in the middle ages under the Normans and their succe ors. Population (1881), 25,173; commune, 25,647. Tranio (tra'ni-ō). The servant of Lucentio, a character in Shakspere's "Taming of the Shrew." He is clever enough enough to change parts with his master. IMG:content-1122.png:[blocks in formation] Transbaikalia (tråns-bī-käʻli-ä). A province of eastern Siberia, bounded by Irkutsk, Yakutsk, the Amur Province, Manchuria, Mongolia, and Lake Baikal. Capital, Tchita. It is traversed by the Yablonoi Mountains. There are gold-mines at Kara and elsewhere. Area, 236,868 square miles. Population, 545,338. Trans cas pian (trans-kas'pi-an) Railway. A Ru ian strategic railway, built under the superintendence of General Annenkoff, and opened in 1888. It extends from Ouzoun Ada on the Caspian (connected by steamer with Baku and the Ru ian railroad system) to Sam ark and, largely through the desert. Trans cas pian Region or Province. A territory belonging to Ru ia, under the administration of the government of Turkestan, situated east of the Caspian, north of Persia and Afghanistan, and west of Khiva and Bokhara. It is largely a desert, containing the oases of Atok, Merv, etc. The inhabitants are Turkomans. Geok-Tepe was taken by the Ru ians in 1881, Merv in 1884, and Pendjdeh in 1885. Area, 214,237 square miles. Population, 301,476. Transcaucasia (trans-ka-kā siä). The southern division of the general government of the Caucasus, Ru ia. It comprises the governments of Tiflis, Kutais, Yelisavetpol, Baku, and Erivan, the provinces of Daghestan and Kars, and the district of the Black Sea. Transfiguration, The. A famous painting by Raphael, in the Vatican, Rome. Christ floats in glory, attended by Moses and Élias, above a group of apostles; below, people are leading a boy po e ed of an evil spirit to the remaining apostles for relief. This picture was just completed when Raphael died (1520). Transformation. See Marble Faun , The . Transkei (trans-ke'). A territory in the eastern part of the British colony of the Cape. Area, 2,552 square miles. Population (1891), 153,563. Translator General. A title given to Phile mon Holland. Transleithan i a (trans-li-täʼni-ä), or Transleithan i an (trans-li-tha'ni-an) Division. Aname given to the lands of Austria-Hungary which IMG:content-1123.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1124.png:[blocks in formation] situated on the right bank of the Tiber. With- in it is the Janiculum. Trau (trou). Atown in Dalmatia, situated on an island adjacent to the coast, 10 miles west of Spalatro. It contains a noted cathedral of the 13th cen- tury: a later Pointed campanile rises over the northwest- ern angle. The magnificent rece ed sculptured portal is Romanesque; the impre ive interior has round arches on ma ive square piers, a fine altar, choir-stalls, and a sculp- tured pulpit supported on eight columns. Population (1890), commune, 15,809. Traun (troun). A river which rises in Styria, traverses the Hallstättersee and Traunsee in Upper Austria, and joins the Danube near Linz. It forms a noted waterfall near the village of Roitham. Length, 110 miles. (tron-sēl-vä-nē'). A titular grand grand principality ncipality of the Austrian empire, now incorporated with the kingdom of Hungary. It is bounded by Hungary proper, Bukowina, Moldavia, and Wall a chia, and is surrounded and traversed by the Car path i ans. It has 15 counties, and among the chief towns are Hermannstadt, Klausenburg, and Kronstadt. The chief races are the Rumans or Wallachs (over half), Hungarians (including Szeklers), and Germans (see Sax on land ), with Gipsies, Jews, Armenians, etc. Transylvania was formerly a part of Dacia. It was conquered by Stephen I. of Hungary in 1004, and made a province ruled by a voivode; received colonists from Lower Germany about 1143; was recognized as a sovereign principality in 1538; was aided by the Turks against Austria; took a prominent part on the side of the Protestants in the Thirty Years' War; and was taken po e ion of by Leopold I. of Austria in 1697. The sovereignty of Austria was recognized by Turkey in 1699, and Transylvania was incorporated with Hungary in 1713 and was made a grand principality in 1765. It was the scene of a bloody insurrection of the Rumans against the Huns and the Ru ians in 1849; received autonomy and a Landtag in 1860; and was finally incorporated with Hungary in 1868. Area, 21,512 square miles. Population, 2,247,049. Transylvanian Alps (tran-sil-vā'ni-an alps). A range of the Car path i ans, on the southern border of Transylvania, on the Rumanian frontier. Transylvanian Erzgebirge (erts'ge-ber-ge). ['Transylvanian ore mountains.'] A range of mountains in the Car path i an system, situated in western Transylvania, and Hungary. Trapani (träʻpä-nē). 1. A province in western Sicily. Area, 948 square miles. Population (1892), 350,726.-2. A seaport, capital of the province of Trapani, Sicily, situated on the western coast in lat. 38° 1' N., long. 12° 29′ E.: the ancient Drepanum, or Drepana, near Eryx. It figures in the Æneid. It was one of the last remaining strongholds of the Cart hag in i ans in Sicily, in the first Punic war, and was fortified by Hamilcar Barca. The Cart hag in i ans won a naval victory near it in 249 B. c. PopulaTrapezus (tra-pē'zus). The ancient name of Trebizond. (1881), 32,020. Trapezus Mons. See Tchadyr - Dagh . Trappe, La. See La Trappe . Trappists (trap'ists). [From F. Trap piste : so called from the abbey of La Trappe in France.] A monastic body, a branch of the Cistercian or der. It is named from the village of Soligny-la-Trappe, in the department of Orne, France, where the abbey of La Trappe was founded in 1140 by Rotrou, count of Perche. The abbey soon fell into decay, and was governed for many years by titular or commendatory abbots. De Rancé (16261700), who had been commendatory abbot of La Trappe from boyhood, actual abbot in 1664, and thoroughly reformed and reorganized the order. The rules of the order are noted for their extreme austerity, and inculcate extended fasts, severe manual labor, almost per silence, abstinence flesh, fish, etc., rigor ous asceticism in general. The order was repre ed in France during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods. There are branch monasteries in France, Belgium, Great Britain, Italy, etc and two in the United States - abbeys of Gethsemane (Kentucky) and of New Melleray There is also an establishment at Tracadie, N. S. Trasimene, Lake, Battle of. See Trasimenus . Trasimeno (trä-se-ma'no), Lago, or Lago di Perugia (lä gō dē pā-rö'jä) ('Lake of Perugia'). A lake in the province of Perugia, Italy, 10 miles west of Perugia: the ancient Trasimenus (erroneously Thrasymenus) Lacus. Length, 10 miles; depth, depth, 20 feet. It has no natural outlet. Trasimenus (tras-i-mē'nus), Battle of Lake. A victory gained by Hannibal over the Romans under the consul Flam in i us, on the northern shore of Lake Trasimenus, in the summer of 217 B. C. The Roman army was nearly annihilated, and the consul was slain. Tras-os-Montes (träs'ōs-mon'tes), or Traz-osMontes (träz'ōs-mon'tes). The northeastern province of Portugal, bounded by Spain, Beira, and Entre Minho e Douro. The surface is mountainous or table-land. It comprises the districts Villa Real and Bragança. Capital, Bragança. Area, 2,293 square miles. Population (1890), 418,917.