mandate (mand at)

[F. mand at = Sp. Pg. It. mandato, I am commanded home. Get you away; I'll send for you anon. Sir, I obey the mandate , And will return to Venice. Shak ., Othello, iv. 1. 270. This dream all-powerful Juno sends; I bear Her mighty mandates , and her words you hear. Dryden, Æneid, vii. 583. Mandates for deposing sovereigns were sealed with the signet of "the fisherman." Burke , Rev. in France. This flower border encloses an autograph Latin mandate , written and signed "propria manu" by "J. Here for den" himself; which mandate testifies that the volume of the book is prepared and written by his "dilectus famulus" Swithun Butter field, and directs that S. B. shall have the custody of it during his natural life. N. and Q., 7th ser., VIII. 2. Hence-2. An official command addre ed by a superior to an inferior, to control his conduct in a specific manner. Specifically - ( a ) In Rom . law , an order or decree directed by the emperor to governors of provinces. (b) In canon law , a papal rescript commanding a bishop or other ecclesiastical patron to put the person therein named in po e ion of the first vacant benefice under his patronage. (c) In early Eng . law , a royal command addre ed to a judge or court to control the disposition of a suit. (d) In mod. law procedure , a judicial command, order, precept, or writ; more specifically, the document promulgated upon the decision of an appeal or writ of error, as by the Supreme Court of the United States, directing what shall be done in the court below; also, in some by the name of mandamus (which see). In this sense man date usually, but not always nece arily, implies that the direction is given in writing. IMG:content-0169.jpg:[graphic] II. a . Pertaining or suitable to a mandarin or to mandarins; hence, of exalted character or quality; superior; noble; fine.- Mandarin dialect, language. See I., 2. Mandarin orange. See orange. - Mandarin porcelain, decorative porcelain States, the writ elsewhere known, as at common law, thought to be of Japanese origin, but sometimes apparently of Chinese make and painting, having as a part of its decoration figures of Chinese officials in their ceremonial dre . Vases of this character are decorated in The Emperor and the great tribunals. would call them to account for not having sooner been aware of what was pa ing in their Mandarinates . Huc , Journey through the Chinese Empire (trans.), I. 68. The idea of organizing a sort of intellectual mandarin ate in France was first conceived by Colbert. Harper's Mag ., LXXVIII. 501. IMG:content-0170.png:[blocks in formation] for all. 3. In early Rom. law (before the doctrines of agency were developed), a trust or commi ion by which one person, called the mandator, requested another, the mand a tar i us, to act in his own name and as if for himself in a particular transaction( special mandate ), or in all the affairs of the former ( general mandate ). The mand a tar i us was the only one recognized as having legal rights and responsibilities as toward third persons in the transactions the latter was entitled to all benefit, and bound to indem involved. As between him and the mandator, however, nify against lo es, etc.; but the service was gratuitous. 4. In civil law: ( a ) A contract of bailment in which a thing is transferred by the mandator to the po e ion of the mandatary, upon an undertaking of the latter to perform gratuitously some service in reference to it: distinguished from a mere deposit for safe keeping. (b) A contract of agency by which the mandator confides a matter of busine , or his busine generally, to an agent called the mandatary. If the authority or appointment be in writing, the mandate is also called procuration. Mandatary qualification exists where a person induces another to repose credit in a third person; it answers somewhat to our modern letter of credit. mandate-bread (man'dat-bred), The bread distributed to the poor on Maundy Thursday. Also called maundy - loaves. Mandate Thursday (man'dāt thèrz dā). Same as Maundy Thursday (which see, under maundy ). mandator (man-dā'tor), n. [L. mandator, one who gives a charge or command, director. A person is said to be a client to his advocate, but a master and mandator to his proctor. Ayliffe , Parergon. 2. In law : ( a ) A bailor of goods. (b) The person who delegates another to perform a man Acting as the mouthpiece, more than the mandatory , of Europe. Lowe , Bismarck, II. 92. mandatum (man-dā'tum), n. [ML.: see man- date, maundy .] Same as maundy . He schewed the erle Rogere the pape's man dement . Rob. of Brunne , p. 307. the mandibles. Some anatomists suppose that it forms edges of the under mandible of a bird the genæ or cheeks. - Mandibular tomia, the cutting mandibulary (man-dib'ū-lā-ri), a . [ mandi- IMG:content-0171.jpg:[blocks in formation] dibular. ble1 (NL. mandibula ) + -ary.] Same as man-mandola, mandora (man-dō'lä, -rä), n. [It.: IMG:content-0172.jpg:[blocks in formation] Mandibulata (man-dib-u-lā'tä), n . pl . [NL., neut. pl. of mandibulatus : see mandibulate .] In entom.: (a) In some systems, a primary group or division of Insect a , containing those insects whose mouth-parts are mandibulate or masticatory, as distinguished from those which have the same parts haustellate or suctorial, the former being fitted for biting, the latter for sucking: opposed to Haustellata . West- wood called the same division Dacnostomata. ( b ) A division of Anoplura , including mandibu- late lice, as the bird-lice or Mallophaga . [The term was first used in the former sense by Clairville (1798), who divided each of his main groups of Insectes ( Pterophora and Aptera ) into Mandibulata and Haustel- lat a . In Macleay's celebrated system it was the name of one of the five groups of his Annulosa .] mandibulate (man-dib'ū-lāt), a. and n. [ mandibulatus , mandibula , mandible: see man- dible1.] I. a . 1. In entom.: ( a ) Having mandi- bles, and thus able to bite, as an insect; of or pertaining to the Mandibulata : distinguished from haustellate or suctorial. (b) Masticatory, as the jaws of an insect.-2. Having a lower IMG:content-0173.png:[merged small][merged small][graphic] dibles proper. mandibulohyoid (man-dib"ū-lō-hīʼoid), a . NL. mandibula , mandible, + hyoid .] Pertain- ing to the lower jaw and the hyoid bone: as, the mandibulohyoid ligament of a shark. mandibulomaxillary (man-dib"ū-lō-mak'si-lā- ri), a . [ mandibula , mandible, + maxilla , maxilla.] In Crustacea , of or pertaining to the mandibles and to the maxillæ, llæ, situated be- tween these parts: as, a mandibulomaxillary mandiet, n. See maundy . mandilli (man'dil), n. [ dille (?), F. mandille (> Sp. Pg. mandil ), mantile , also mantele , man telium , a towel, nap- kin, table-cloth, mantelum , mantellum , a man- mandil2 (man'dil), n . [Also mundil ; mendil , a kerchief; perhaps ult. mandill .] Among Moslems, a kind of ker- chief, especially one oblong in shape, the short sides worked with gold or colored silk, the rest plain. R. F. Burton , tr. of Arabian Nights, II. Sp. mandíbula = It. mandibula , mandibola , mantel .] Same as mandilion . NL. mandibula , mandible, mandibula , f., also mandibulum , n., a jaw, mandere , chew, masticate.] In zoöl . and an at . , a jaw-bone; a jaw, or the jaw-bone and a ociate parts; espe- cially, the under jaw. (a) In man and other mam- mals, the under jaw, or inferior maxillary, as distinguished from the upper jaw, maxilla, or superior maxillary. (6) In birds, either part, upper under, of the beak; that part of either jaw which is covered with horny integument, the two being distinguished as upper and lower . When the term mandible is applied to the lower only, the upper is called maxilla . See cut under bill . (c) In the arthro- pods, especially insects, either half, right or left, of the first, upper, or outer pair of jaws, considered by some to correspond to the lower jaw of vertebrates; morpho log i- cally, one of the first pair of gnathites, always devoid of a palp: opposed to maxilla , which is either half of the second pair of jaws. See cut under mouth - part . (d) In cephalopods, the horny beak or rostrum. See mandibu- lar.-Dentate mandible. See dentate . - Multidentate mandible, in entom ., a mandible having many teeth or proce es on the inner side. 301, note. mandiliont (man-dil'yon), n. [Also man dilli on , mandilian ; man dill on , mandil , a mantle: see mandill .] A garment first used in France in the sixteenth century, and worn originally by men-servants, soldiers, and others as a sort of overcoat. Its earliest form appears to have been that of a dalmatic with sleeves not closed and covering the back of the arm only. In the seventeenth century it was an outer garment capable of being buttoned up or left open, described in 1660 as like a jump, generally without sleeves. About him a mandilion , that did with buttons meet, Of purple, large, and full of folds, curled with a warmful A garment that 'gainst cold in night did soldiers use to wrap. Chapman , Iliad, x. 134. A Spaniard, having a Moore slave, let him goe a long time in a poore ragged mandilian without sleeves; one asking him why he dealt so sleeve les sly with the poore wretch, he answered: I crop his wings, for feare he flie away. Copley , Wits, Fits, and Fancies (1614). ( Nares .) But in time of war they wear crimson mandilions , be- hind and before so cro ed, over their armour. Sandys , Travailes, p. 179. mand lest one, n. See man del stone . mandmentt, n. [Early mod. E. man dement , maun dement , man dement , command, mand amentum , command, mandare , command: see mand2 , mandate . ] A command- ment. as a bas-relief, or the like. -2. Ec- cles ., the vesica In a fourth relief upon the high altar, Christ seated within a mandorla ble es with his right hand. C. C. Perkins, Ital- [ian Sculpture, [Int., p. xx. mandragt, man- draget. draget, n. Obso- lete lete forms forn of man- drake. mandragont, An An obsolete var i- ant of mandrake . mandragora (man-drag'ō-ra), Michele, Florence. Nor all the drowsy syrups of the world, Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep Which thou owedst yesterday. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century dictionary mandrake peculiar form of the root, and the suggestive form of the name mandrake, appar. a compound of man + drake2, with little meaning attached to the supposed second element, are due in large part the superstitions a ociated with the plant.] 1. A plant of the genus Mandragora. The mandrake has poisonous properties, and acts as an emetic, purgative, and narcotic. It was in use in ancient times especially for its narcotic effects, and is said to have been employed as an anesthetic. It has been regarded as Flowering Plant of Mandrake ( Mandragora officinal is ). an aphrodisiac, and used in amorous incantations, as a love-amulet, etc. According to an old fancy the mandrake shrieks when pulled from the ground. The resemblance of its commonly forked root to the human body is probably the ground of this superstition, as well as of the repute the plant as an aphrodisiac. IMG:content-0175.jpg:[blocks in formation] Shak ., R. and J., iv. 3. 47. The mandrake , a plant with broad leaves and bright yel low flowers and with a root which grew in a semi-human form, was found beneath the public gallows and was dragged from the ground and carried home with many extraordinary ceremonies. When secured, it became a familiar spirit speaking in oracles if properly consulted, and bringing good luck to the household in which it was enshrined. C. Elton, Origins of Eng. Hist., p. 220. The best digest of the various speculations as to the mandrake and its properties will be found in Dr. Harris's "Dictionary of the Natural History of the Bible." N. and Q., 7th ser., VIII. 220. 3607