WOUNDS

Arabic shijāj ( شجاج‎ ), pl. of shajjah . The Muḥammadan law only treats of wounds on the face and head, all other wounds being compensated for by arbitrary atonement. According to the Hidāyah , shijāj are of ten kinds:— Ḥāriṣah , a scratch, such as does not draw blood. Dāmiʿah , a scratch which draws blood without causing it to flow. Dāmiyah , a scratch which causes the blood to flow. Bāẓiʿāh , a cut through the skin. Mutalāḥimah , a cut into the flesh. Simḥāq , a wound reaching to the pericranium. Mūṣiḥah , a wound which lays bare the bone. Hāshim ah , a fracture of the skull. Munaqqilah , a fracture which requires part of the skull to be removed. Āmmah , a wound extending to the membrane which encloses the brain. According to the injunctions of the Prophet, a twentieth of the complete fine for murder is due for mūṣiḥah ; a tenth for hāshim ah ; three-twentieths for munaqqilah ; and a third for āmmah . All other fines are left to the discretion of the judge.