James VI

(afterward James I. of England); and was raised to the peerage as Lord Maitland of Thirl est ane in 1590. By his advice James consented to the act establish ing the church on a strictly Presbyterian basis. Maitland, John, second Earl and first Duke of Lauderdale. Born at Lethington, May 24, 1616: died at Tun bridge Wells, Aug. 20 (249), 1682. A Scottish politician, son of John Maitland, first Earl of Lauderdale. He became one of the commi ioners for the Solemn League and Covenant in 1643, and a member of the joint committee of the two kingdoms in 1644; afterward joined Prince Charles in his exile; and on the Restoration became the chief adviser of Charles II. in Scottish affairs, a position which he used to establish the absolutism of the crown both in the church and in the state. He was created duke of Lauderdale in 1672. Maitland, Samuel Roffey. Born at London, Jan. 7, 1792: died at Gloucester, Jan. 19, 1866. An English clergyman, and theological and historical writer. He was librarian to the Archbishop of Canterbury 1838-48. Among his works are "The Dark Ages" (1844) and "The Reformation in England" (1849). Maitland, Thomas. The nom de plume of Robert Buchanan. Maistre (mastr), (mastr), Joseph Marie, Comte de. at Turin, Feb. 26, 1821. A French statesman, writer, and philosopher. Joseph de Maistre was one of the greatest writers in the French language since the days of Voltaire and Rou eau. His family was of French origin, but this particular branch had settled in Savoy as early as the 17th century, and had sworn allegiance to the King of Sardinia. The eldest of ten children, he prepared to follow his father's calling and become a magistrate. On completing his cla ical studies under the Jesuits, he left home and took up the study of law in Turin. In 1788 he became senator of Savoy, but at no time was he in sympathy with the judiciary duties of his office. He emigrated at the time of the French Revolution, and spent several years in Switzerland and northern Italy. After residing some time in Sardinia in a diplomatic capacity, he finally went pleni to St. Petersburg as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the King of Sardinia (1802-17): this is by far the most brilliant period in his political and literary life, One of his earlier publications that had made his name known throughout Europe was the "Considérations sur la révolution française" (1796). During the period of his residence at the Ru ian capital he kept up a voluminous correspondence. He wrote an "E ai sur le principe généra teur des institutions humaines" (1810), "Des délais de la justice divine" (1815), "Du pape" (1819), "De l'église gallicane" (1821), "Soirées de Saint-Pétersbourg" (1821), and "Examen de la philosophie de Bacon" (1835). On the exminister's return to Turin, the King of Sardinia bestowed numerous honors upon him. Joseph de Maistre's letters were edited many years after his death, and afford a valuable insight into the privacy of his thought and life. Two Born Maitland, William, of Lethington. about 1528: died at Leith, June 9, 1573. A St. Andrews and on the Continent, and afterward became secretary to Mary Queen of Scots, whose cause he supported against the Scottish reformers. He was captured at the surrender of Edinburgh Castle to the English May 29, 1573, and died in prison. Maittaire (ma-tar'), Michel. Born in France, 1668: died at London, Sept. 18, 1747. A French bibliographer and cla ical editor. Hewasa teacher in Westminster School 1695-1747. His chief work is "Annales typographic i" (1719-41). Maiwand (mi-wänd'). A locality west of Kandahar, Afghanistan. Here, July 27, 1880, the Afghans (9,000) under Ayub Khan defeated the British (2,476) under Burrows. The British lo was 964 killed and 167 wounded. This has also been called the battle of Kushk-i-Nakhud. Majano (mä-yä'no), Benedetto da. Born at Majano, 1442: died May 24, 1497. A Florentine sculptor and architect. He began as a worker in wood mosaic. Early in life he went to Hungary in the service of King Corvinus. After his return he designed the Strozzi palace, the corner-stone of which was laid in 1489. In 1491 he made the monument to Filippo Strozzi in Santa Maria Novella. He went to Faenza to sculpture the monumental altar of San Savino for the Duomo 1471-72. On his return to Florence he made the marble pulpit of Santa Croce. Majano, Giuliano da. Born at Majano, 1432. died 1490. A sculptor and builder, elder brother of Benedetto da Majano. Majláth. See Mailáth , 'me enger of Yahveh.'] The last of the minor prophets. Malachy (mal'a-ki), Saint. Born in Armagh, Ireland, about 1094: died at Clairvaux, France, Nov. 2, 1148. An Irish prelate, archbishop of Armagh and papal legate in Ireland. invalid. A comedy by Molière, produced in Malade Imaginaire, Le. [F., 'the imaginary Makallah (mä-källä), or Maculla (mä-kul'lä). A seaport in Hadra Hadramaut, southern Arabia, sit- situated on the Strait of Malacca in lat. 2° 12′ N., long. 102° 16′ E. It was formerly under Portu- guese and later under Dutch rule. Population, estimated, 15,000. Malacca, Strait of. A sea pa age separating Sumatra from the Malay Peninsula, and con- necting the China Sea with the Indian Ocean. Width, 30-200 miles. Maladetta (mä-lä-det'tä), or Monts-Maudits (môn-mo-de'). A group of the central Pyre- nees, on the Spanish side, south of the main range. It contains the highest summit of the Pyrenees, the Pic de Néthou. Malaga (mal'a-ga; Sp. pron. mäʻlä-gä). 1. A province in And alus i a, Spain. It is bounded by Seville on the northwest, Cordova on the north, Granada on the east, the Mediterranean on the south, and Cadiz the west. It is traversed by mountain-ranges. The chief products are grapes, sugar, and tropical fruits. The area is 2,824 square miles. Population (1887), 519,977. 2. A seaport and the capital of the province of Malaga, situated on the Mediterranean in lat. 36° 43′ N., long. 4° 25′ W.: the ancient Malaca. It is the chief seaport of Spain after Barcelona, exporting grapes, raisins, wine, olive-oil, oranges, lemons, figs, lead, etc. The cathedral, begun in 1538, but not completed until 1719, is very large (the vaulting being 130 feet high), but is built in a heavy bastard Corinthian architecture, with tawdry decoration. The carved wooden Renai ance choir-stalls, however, are superb, the 58 large figures of saints with their emblems being especially noteworthy. Malaga was probably founded by the Phenic i ans; was taken by the Moors about 711; was besieged and taken by Fer- dinand the Catholic in 1487; and was taken by the French in 1810. It figured conspicuously in the troubles of 1868 and 1873. Population (1887), 134,016. Malay-Polynesian (mā-lā'pol-i-nē gian). A family of languages occupying most of the isl- ands of the Pacific, from Madagascar to Easter Island (not, however, Australia and Tasmania, nor the central parts of Borneo and New Guinea, and of some other of the large islands), toge- ther with the Malay Peninsula. Its principal branches are the Malayan, of the peninsula and the islands nearest it, and the Polynesian, of the great ma of scat- tered islands (including Madagascar and New Zealand); to these is added by many the Me lanes i an, of the Fiji Archi- pela go and its vicinity, which others regard as a separate family. The languages are of extreme simplicity in regard both to phonetic and to grammatical structure. Malays (mā-lāz'). [E. Malay , F. Malais , G. Malaje , Ru . Malai , etc., Malay Orang Malayu , Malay man.] The natives of Malacca or the the cousin of Rinaldo. Malagrowther (mal-a-grou' Ther), Malachi. A pseudonym of Sir Walter Scott in "Three Letters by Malachi Malagrowther" on paper money, first published in the "Edinburgh Week- ly Journal" in 1826. In 1830 a fourth letter was added. Sir Mungo Malagrowther is a malicious old courtier in Scott's novel "The Fortunes of Nigel." Talbot family, and still in their po e ion. It is one of the best specimens of pure Norman architecture in Great Britain. Malakoff, or Malakhoff (mälä-kof). A fort i- fication which formed one of the principal de- colm , Malcolyn , AS. Malcolm ; Gael. Calum .] fenses of Sebastopol, Crimea. On Sept. 8, 1855, the French carried it by storm. The evacuation of Sebastopol commenced immediately after its capture. Malalis (mä-lä-lēz'). A horde of South Amer- ican Indians of the Tapuya stock, in Minas Geraes, Brazil, near the head waters of the Rio Doce. As a tribe they are nearly extinct. Malaprop (mal'a-prop), Mrs. A vain, good- natured woman in Sheridan's "Rivals," remark- able for her misapplication of words. Mrs. Mal . There, sir, an attack upon my language! what do you think of that? an aspersion upon my parts of speech! was ever such a brute! Sure if I reprehend any- thing in this world, it is the use of my oracular tongue, and a nice derangement of epitaphs. Mälar, or Maelar (mā'lär), or Mälaren (ma'- lär-en). A lake in eastern Sweden, connecting with the Baltic at Stockholm. It contains over 1,200 islands. Stockholm is situated on it. Length, about 80 miles. Mala test a (mä-lä-tes'tä). [It., 'bad head.] An Italian family ruling in Rimini, Italy, and in other parts of the Romagna, from the 13th to the 15th century. Malatia (mä-lä-te'ä), or Malatiyeh (mä-lä-te'- ye). A town in the vilayet of Diarbekir, Asiatic Turkey, about lat. 38° 30′ N., long. 38° 25′ Ε.: the ancient Melitene. The Persians were defeated here by the Byzantine forces in 577. Population, about 20,000. Malatimadhava (mä"la-të-mä'd-ha-va). A Sanskrit drama by Bhavabhuti: so called from its heroine and hero, Malati and Madhava. It has been translated by Wilson. For plot, see Williams's Malavikagnimitra (mä-la-vi-käg-ni'mi-tra). [Skt., St. 'Malavika Malavika and Agnimitra.'] A Sanskrit drama, very probably by Kalidasa. It treats of the loves of King Agnimitra and Malavika, a girl in the train of his queen Dharini. There is an epitome by Wil- son in his "Hindu Theatre." For the plot, see, also, Wil- liams's "Indian Wisdom," p. 478. Translation by Tawney. Malay (ma-la') Archipelago, Eastern Archi- pela go, or Indian Archipelago. An exten- sive group of islands lying south and southeast of Asia. It includes, among others, Sumatra, Java, Bor- Malcontent, The Then came Marston's completest work in drama, "The Malcontent," an anticipation, after Elizabeth an fashion, of "Le Misanthrope" and "The Plain Dealer." Though not free from Marston's two chief vices of coarsene and exaggerated cynicism, it is a play of great merit, and much the best thing he has done, though the reconciliation, at the end, of such a husband and such a wife as Piero and Aurelia, between whom there is a chasm of adultery and murder, again lacks verisimilitude.