Tripolitza

the capital of the Morea, was taken, as was also Mis so long hi, in spite of the valor of the Suliote mountaineers. It was about this time that the Greek patriots received the aid of the English admiral Lord Cochrane, who organized their fleet, and of the French Colonel Fabvier, who instructed their army in the system of European tactics, In spite of this, however, the Turks continued to triumph everywhere, and resisted all the pre ure that was put on them by other European powers to make conce ions. A treaty was then concluded at London | 6, 1827) between Great Britain, France, and Ru ia, for the pacification of Greece, and when the mediation of these three powers was declined by the Sultan, their united fleets, under Admiral Codrington, attacked and annihilated the Turkish fleet off Navarino, Oct. 20, 1827. In the beginning of the following year (1828) Count Capo d’Istria became president of the State, and later on in the same year Ibrahim Pasha was forced to evacuate Greece. At last, or eb. 3, 1830, a protocol of the allied powers declared the independence of Greece, which was recognized by the Porte on April 25, of that year. The new member of the States of Europe received from the allies a monarchical form of government, and offered the crown to Leopold, Prince of Saxe- Coburg, and when he refused it, to Otho, a young prince of Bavaria. The latter accepted the offer, and was proclaimed King of the MHellenes at Nauplia on Aug. 30, 1832. The power of the king was at first almost absolute, and his arbitrary measures, and more especially the preponderance which he gave to Germans in the govyernment, soon made him unpopular. At the same time the finances of the kingdom were in a very embarra ed condition, and a general uneasine prevailed. In 1843 a rebellion took place, after which a constitution was jrawn up. But Otho was after that no more popular than before, and after the outbreak of another rebellion in February, 1862, he saw himself 2ompelled to abdicate the throne (Oct. 24). <A provisional government was then set up at Athens, and the National A embly, after declaring that the throne had been forfeited by Otho, offered it in succe ion to Prince Alfred of 7. and Prince William George of mark. The latter accepted it, and on March 30, 1863, was proclaimed King George i At the end of that year a constituent a embly was elected for the purpose of framing a new constitution, and the result of its labors was the constitution which is still in force. In 1864 an addition was made to the small nee by the annexation of the Ionian Islands which had hitherto formed an independent republic under the protection of Great Britain. ~~ the first Greece has = ae ing for an opportunity of extending its frontier nN so as to include the large Greek —— in The aly and Epirus. In January, 1878, during the Ru o-Turkish War, Greek troops were moved into The aly and Epirus to the a istance of their brethren who bad risen there, but on the remonstrance of England these troops were withdrawn. The treaty of Berlin made no definite provisions for any extension of the Greek territory, but in 1881 Turkey had to cede about 5,000 square miles of The aly to Greece. After the union of Eastern Rumelia with Bulgaria in 1885, war with Turkey was only prevented by the great powers. In 1896 an insurrection of the Christians in Crete led to the interference of Greece and to, war with Turkey, and Greece obtained reasonable terms of peace only through the efforts of the Great Powers. In 1908 another agitation for annexation to Greece was suppre ed in Crete; in 1911 the Powers vested the governnol of ~~ —— a ay uner King George; the same year Greece adopted. a new constitution; and in 1912 joined the other Balkan States in war against Turkey.