winter2 (winter)

[Origin obscure; prob. ult.connected with windle and wind2.] 1. The part of the old-style hand printing-pre which sustained the carriage.-2. An implement made to hang on the front of a grate, for the purpose of keeping warm a tea-kettle or the like. Imp. Dict. winter-beaten (win'ter-bē"tn), a. Oppre ed or exhausted by the severity of winter. He compareth his care full case to the sadde season of the yeare, to the frostie ground, to the frosen trees, and to his owne winter - beaten flocke. Spenser, Shep. Cal., January, Arg. winterberry (win'tèr-ber"i), n.; pl. winterber ries (-iz). A name of several shrubs of the genus Ilex, belonging to the section (once genus) Prinos, growing in eastern North America. The winterberry especially so named is I. verticil lat a, otherwise called black alder, sometimes distinguished as Vir ginia winterberry. It bears deciduous leaves, and small white flowers in se ile clusters, followed by abundant shining scarlet berries of the size of a pea, which remain winter-bound (win'ter-bound), a . Imprisoned, confined, detained, or hindered by winter. As the wretch looks o'er Siberia's shore, When winter - bound the wave is. shrub with extensively creeping, usually hidden, stems, and ascending branches which bear evergreen leaves, small white nodding flowers, and scarlet berries which consist of an enlarged fleshy calyx surrounding the cap- sule. The leaves afford wintergreen-oil (which see), and have also been used as a tea, whence the name tea -berry and mountain -tea. The berries are mildly aromatic. New England nan names are checkerberry and partridge - berry (both, especially the latter, shared with Mitchell a repens), and boxberry. Other names are deerberry , ground berry , hill- berry , spiceberry , creeping wintergreen , and spring winter- green. 3. A plant of the genus Chi map hila , especially C. maculata . See spotted wintergreen , below.- American, aromatic wintergreen. See def. 2.- Chick- weed wintergreen. See Trientalis . - Creeping win- tergreen, See def. 2. - False wintergreen. See def. 1.- Flowering wintergreen. See Polygala . Pear-leafed wintergreen. See def. 1.-Spotted wintergreen, a congener of the pipsi ewa, Chi map hila maculata , having spotted leaves. - Spring wintergreen. See def. 2. wintergreen-oil (win'ter-gren-oil), n. A heavy volatile oil distilled from the leaves of the aro- matic wintergreen (see wintergreen , 2). It is medicinally an aromatic stimulant with an astringent property; its chief use, however, is in flavoring confec- tionery, medicated syrups, etc. Officinally oil of gaul- theria . winter-ground (win'ter-ground), v . t. To cover over so as to preserve from the effects of frost during winter: as, to winter - ground the roots of a plant. The ruddock would With charitable bill bring thee all this; Yea, and furr'd mo besides, when flowers are none, To winter - ground thy corse. Shak., Cymbeline, iv. 2. 229. IMG:content-2452.png:[blocks in formation] In Wales it is fulle strong to werre in wynter tyde , For wynter is ther long, whan Somer is here in pride. Rob. of Brunne , p. 240. Fruits Which in wintertide shall star The black earth with brilliance rare. plum with late-ripening fruit. winter-cre (win'tèr-kres), n . A cruciferous plant, either Barb are a vulgar is or B. præcox , both formerly (and the latter still sparingly) cultivated for winter salad. Both are Old World plants, and the former is very common in North America, though indigenous only in the north and west. This is a stoutish weed with bright-green lyrate leaves and Paston Letters , I. 486. A wyntir haule, hibernium, hibernaculum, hiemacu- lum. Cath. Ang . , p. 420. And many- winter'd fleece of throat and chin. Tennyson, Merlin and Vivien. 2. Exposed to winter, especially in a figurative sense; tried by adversity or sorrow. winter-flower (win'ter-flou"ér), n. See Chimo- nanthus. wintergreen (win'tér-grēn), n. [= D. winter- groen : so called as keeping green through the winter; as winter1 + green.] 1. A plant of the genus Pyrola , especially P. minor , the IMG:content-2453.png:[blocks in formation] is a little under. procumbens), a, the fruit. + house1 .] A house used especially in winter. Wyntyr howse or halle.. Hibernaculum. the winter, especially the ivy-leafed speedwell, Veronica hederæfolia . wintery (win'ter-i), a . See wintry . wintle (win'tl), v.i .; pret. and pp. wintled , ppr. wintling. [Var. of wentle .] To twist; writhe: roll; reel; stagger. [Scotch.] Tho' now ye dow but hoyt an' hobble, An' wintle like a saumont-coble. winter1 + -age.] Winter food for cattle. Hal- liwell. [Prov. Eng.] wintering (win'ter-ing), n. [Verbal n. of win- ter1, v.] 1. The act of one who or that which winters in a specified place or manner. If God so prosper your voyage that you may... obtaine from him [the Prince of Cathay] his letters of priuiledge against the next yeeres spring, you may then. search and discouer somewhat further then you had discouered before your wintering . Hakluyt's Voyages , I. 434. 2. Provision of fodder, shelter, etc., for cattle during winter. Young lean cattle may by their growth pay for their wintering, and so be ready to fat next summer. winterish (win'ter-ish), a . [Early mod. E. also wyntery he; winter1 + -ish1.] Of or pertain- ing to winter; wintry. winter-kill (win'tèr-kil), v . t . [A back-form a- tion, winter - killed .] To kill by cold in winter: as, to winter - kill wheat or clover. [U. S.] winter-killed (win'ter-kild), p . a . Killed by the cold of winter, as wheat; impaired in flavor or condition by cold or ice, as oysters; blasted by cold weather, as a plant. [Ů. S.] IMG:content-2454.png:[blocks in formation] wintry (win'tri), a. [Also wintery ; wintrig , wintreg (cf. G. wintericht ); as winter1 + -y1.] 1. Of or pertaining to winter: occurring in winter; peculiar or appropriate to the cold season of the year; cold and stormy. Ere the clouds gather, and the wint'ry sky Descends in storms to intercept our pa age. Rowe , Jane Shore, il Great ice-crystals... gave the ve el a wintery ap- pearance. C. F. Hall , Polar Expedition, 1876, p. 415. winterle (win'tėr-les), a . [ winter1 + -le .] Free from or unaffected by winter; not experi- 2. Figuratively, cool; chilly; frosty. winter-lodge (winter-loj), n. In bot . , the hi- bernacle of a plant, which protects the embryo or future shoot from injury during the winter. It is either a bud or a bulb. Also winter - lodg- ment . winter-lovet (win'tėr-luv), n. Cold, insincere. or conventional love or love-making. [Rare.] What a deal of cold busine doth a man mi pend the better part of life in! in scattering compliments, tender- ing visits, making a little winter - love in a dark corner. IMG:content-2455.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2456.png:[blocks in formation] If 't be summer news, Smile to 't before; if winterly , thou need'st But keep that countenance still. winze wünscht, accursed: see wish, v.] A curse or imprecation. [Scotch.] He... loot a winze , an' drew a stroke, Till skin in blypes cam haurlin' Aff 's nieves that night. Burns , Halloween. winze3 (winz), n. A corrupt form of winch1 . E. H. Knight. wipel (wip), (wip), v.; pret. and pp. wiped, ppr. wip ing. [ (a prob. extension of * wip ).] I. trans. 1. To rub or stroke with or on something, especially a soft cloth, for clean cleaning; clean or dry by gently rubbing, as with a towel. IMG:content-2457.png:[blocks in formation] If they by covin or guile be wiped beside their goods, so that no violence be done to their bodies, they ease their anger by abstaining from occupying with that nation until they have made satisfaction. Sir T. More, Utopia (tr. by Robinson), ii. 10. We are but quit; you fool us of our moneys In every cause, in every quiddit wipe us. Fletcher, Spanish Curate, iv. 5. 51. To stroke or strike gently; tap. Thenne he toke me by the hande fro me the grounde and wyped my face with a rose and ky ed me. Joseph of Arimathie (E. E. T. S.), p. 30. 6. To beat; chastise. [Slang.]-7. In plumb ing, to apply (solder) without the use of a soldering-iron, by allowing the solder to cool into a semi-fluid condition, condition, and then applying it by wiping it over the part to be soldered by the use of a pad of leather or cloth. See wiping, 2.To wipe another's noset. See nosel. - To wipe the (or one's) eye. See eyel. II. in trans. To make strokes with a rubbing or sweeping motion. He comes full upon it, seated upright, with its back against a tree, wiping at the dogs swarming upon it, right and left, with its huge paws. W. M. Baker, New Timothy, p. 205. wipel (wip), n . [Early mod. E. also wype ; He often said of himself, with a melancholy wipe of his sleeve acro his brow, that he "didn't know which-a-way to turn." George Eliot, Felix Holt, viii. 2. A quick or hard stroke; a blow, literally or figuratively; a cut: now regarded as slang. Since you were the first that layde hand to weapon, the fault is not mine if I haue happened to giue you a wype . Guevara, Letters (tr. by Hellowes, 1577), p. 235. To statesmen would you give a wipe , You print it in Italic type. Swift , On Poetry. 3. The mark of a blow or wound; a scar; a brand. [Rare.] The blemish that will never be forgot; Worse than a slavish wipe , or birth-hour's blot. Shak ., Lucrece, 1. 537. 4. Something used in wiping; specifically, a handkerchief. [Slang.] I'm Inspector Field! And this here warment 's prigged your wipe . Barham , In golds by Legends, II. 355. "And what have you got, my dear?" said Fagin to Charley Bates. " Wipes ," replied Master Bates, at the same time producing four pocket-handkerchiefs. Dickens, Oliver Twist, ix. IMG:content-2458.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-2459.png:[blocks in formation] The wipers for their noses. B. Jonson, Masque of Owls. 3. In mach ., a piece projecting generally from a horizontal axle, for the purpose of raising stampers, pounders, or pistons in a vertical direction and letting them fall by their own weight. Wipers are employed in fulling-mills, stamping-mills, oil-mills, powder-mills, etc. Also wipe. - 4. A steel implement for cleaning the bore of a musket, etc. It has two twisted arms, screws on the end of a ramrod, and carries a piece of cloth or a bunch of tow. The larger wipers for cleaning cannon are attached to a wooden stick, and are termed worms or sponges . See cut under gun . a, wiper; b, toe. wiper-wheel (wi'per-hwel), п. A cam-wheel serving to lift a trip-hammer, a stamp, or the like, allowing it to fall again by its own weight. See cam1 . IMG:content-2460.png:[blocks in formation] 2. In plumbing : ( a ) The removal, with a greased cloth, of solder which has been poured upon a joint to heat it before soldering. ( b ) The operation of shaping with a wooden pad a ma of solder applied to form a wiped joint. wiping-rod (wi'ping-rod), n . See wiper , 4. wirdt, wirdet, n. Obsolete variants of weird . wirel (wir), n. and a. [ wir , a wire, a spiral ornament of wire, = MLG. wire , LG. wir , wire; cf. OHG. wiara , MHG. wiere , fine-drawn gold, gold ornament, = Icel. virr , wire (cf. Sw. vire , wind, twist); cf. Lith. wela , iron wire, L. viriæ , armlets (see virole , ferrule ).] I. n. 1. An extremely elongated body of elastic material; specifically, a slender bar of metal, commonly circular in section, from the size which can be bent by the hand with some difficulty down to a fine thread. Wire was originally made by hammering, a sort of groove in the anvil serving to determine the size. It is now drawn by powerful machinery, and pa ed through a series of holes constantly tape, reshing a so side diminishing in Wire of square section, Fetislich hir fyngres were fretted with golde wyre . Piers Plowman (B), ii. 11. Wyre. Filum, vel ferrifilum... (filum ereum vel ferreum, P.). Prompt . Parv., p. 530. At what period and among what people the art of working up pure gold, or gilded silver, into a long, round hairlike thread - into what may be correctly called wire -began, is quite unknown. S. K. Handbook Textile Fabrics , p. 22. 21. A twisted thread; a filament. Upon a courser, startling as the fyr, Men mighte turne him with a litel wyr , Sit Eneas, lyk Phebus to devyse. Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 1205. 3. A quantity of wire used for various purposes, especially in electric transmi ion, as in case of the telephone, the telegraph, electric lighting, etc.; specifically, a telegraph-wire, and hence (colloquially) the telegraph system itself: as, to send orders by wire. It is ridiculous to make love by wire . C. D. Warner , Their Pilgrimage, p. 301. Faraday's term "electrode," literally a way for electri city to travel along, might be well applied to designate the insulated conductor along which the electric me enger is despatched. It is, however, more commonly and familiarly called "the wire " or "the line." Encyc. Brit ., XXIII. 113. 4. A metallic string of a musical instrument; hence, poetically, the instrument itself. Sound Lydian wires , once make a pleasing note On nectar streams of your sweet airs to float. Marston, Antonio and Mellida, I., v. 1. Listening to what unshorn Apollo sings To the touch of golden wires. Milton, Vacation Exercise, 1. 38. With wire and catgut he concludes the day, Quav'ring and semiquav'ring care away. Couper, Progre of Error, 1. 126. of metallic whips. Thou shalt be whipp'd with wire . Shak., A. and C., ii. 5. 65. Lol. You may hear what time of day it is, the chimes of Bedlam goes. Alib . Peace, peace, or the wire comes! Middle ton and Rowley , Changeling, i. 2. 6. In ornith., one of the extremely long, slender, wire-like filaments or shafts of the plumage of various birds. See wired, wire - tailed, and cut under Videstrelda.-7. pl. Figuratively, that by which any organization or body of persons is controlled and directed: now used chiefly in political slang. See wire - pulling. Now, however, there was a vacancy, and they [the politicians] scented their prey afar off. The usual manipulation of the wires began, and they were managed with the usual skill. The Nation, XVI. 330. 8. A pickpocket with long fingers, expert at picking women's pockets. Hotten. [Thieves' slang.] He was worth 20l. a week, he said, as a wire - that is, a picker of ladies' pockets. Mayhew, London Labour and London Poor, I. 410. 9. A fiber of cobweb, a fine platinum wire, or a line upon gla , fixed in the focus of a telescope, to aid in comparing the positions of objects. - Barbed, beaded, dead wire. See the adjectives.-Binding-wire. See binding . - Compound telegraph-wire, a wire composed of a steel center surrounded by a copper tube, the object being to obtain the nece ary conductivity and strength with le material than is required when iron wire is used. -Dovetail wire, a wire having a wedge-shaped section. - Earth wire. See earth wire.-Filling the wire, in teleg ., putting such a number of stations on one wire that it is occupied during the whole day. Gold wire, a wire formed of a core of silver covered with gold. It may be drawn out to the finene of thread.-Ground-wire. Same as earth - wire .-Hollow wire, in gold smithing , small tubes used for making joints, as in the cases of watches, etc. - Latten, live, phantom wire. See the qualifying words. - Leading-in wire, the wire which makes connection between a telegraph-line and a telegraph-office. Open wires, in teleg ., exposed or overhead bare wires. Also sometimes used for open circuit. Saddle wire, a telegraph-wire carried on insulators fixed directly to the tops of the poles.-Taped wires, wires covered with tape for insulation or weather protection.-Telodynamic wire, a wire used to transmit force or power, as in giving motion to a machine from a countershaft or from the driving-pulley of an engine. -To pull or work (the) wires. See wire - pulling . - Undertakers' wire, a kind of insulated wire the use of which was at one time authorized by the fire-insurance under. writers for electric-lighting purposes. The name was given because of the defective quality or insulation of this wire and the consequent danger in its use. [Colloq.] - Wire covering machine, a machine for covering wire with a finer wire or with thread. - Wire of Lapland, a shining slender material made from the sinews of the reindeer, soaked in water, beaten, and spun into a sort of thread of great strength. These threads are dipped in melted tin, and drawn through a horn with a hole in it. The Lap landers use this wire for embroidering their clothes. - Wire twisting machine, a machine or tool for joining ends of wire, as sections of fencing or telegraph-wires, etc., by twisting them on each other. - Woven-wire lathing. See lathing1 . II. a . Made of wire; consisting of or fitted with wires: as, a wire sieve; a wire bird-cage. He did him to the wire -window, As fast as he could gang. Fire of Frendraught (Child's Ballads, VI. 180). Wire armor. Same as chain -mail. See maill, 3.-Wire belting, belts or straps for machinery, made of wire instead of leather. - Wire bent. See bent 2. - Wire bridge. (a) Same as suspension - bridge. See bridgel (with cut). (b) In elect., a kind of Wheat stone bridge in which two adjacent resistances are formed by a wire which can be divided in any ratio by means of a sliding contact and a graduated scale. Wire cables. See cable. - Wire cartridge, a cartridge for a shotgun, having the charge of shot inclosed in a network of wire to concentrate the discharge. Wire cartridges are woven wire receptacles in which shot are mixed with bone dust. Sportsman's Gazetteer , p. 568. Wire cloth. See cloth . - Wire entanglements, in fort . See entanglement . - Wire fence, gauze, guard, gun. See the nouns. - Wire mattre . See mattre . - Wire rope. See ropel. - Wire-spring coiling-machine, a machine for making spiral metal springs. - Wire stitch. See stitch, 9.- Wire wheel. See wheell. wirel (wir), v.; pret. and pp. wired, ppr. wiring. [ As bats at the wired window of a dairy, They beat their vans. Shelley, Witch of Atlas, xvi. In 1711 the coats used to be wired to make them stick out. J. Ashton , Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, I. 151. Many of the houses built during the past two years were wired when constructed. Electric Rev. (Amer.), XV. 4. 2. To snare by means of a wire: as, to wire a bird. Donald Caird can wire a maukin, Kens the wiles o' dun-deer staukin'. Scott , Donald Caird's Come Again. wire 3. To send through a telegraphic wire; send by telegraph, as a me age; telegraph: as, wire a reply. [Colloq.] The coronation of the Emperor of Austria as King of Hungary, the canonization of saints of Rome, were. cabled to New York, just as the Washington news is wired to the same place. Athenæum, No. 2154, p. 207. 4. To be wound or bound about like wire; encircle. [Rare.] But, as the Vine her lovely Elm doth wire , Grasp both our Hearts, and flame with fresh Desire. Howell , Letters, I. i. 14. 5. In surg., to maintain the ends of (a fractured bone) in close apposition by means of wire pa ed through holes drilled in the bone. II. in trans. 1. To flow in currents as thin as wire. [Rare.] Then in small streams (through all the isle wiring ) Sends it to every part, both heat and life inspiring. P. Fletcher, Purple Island, iv. 2. To communicate by means of a telegraphic wire; telegraph. I told her in what way I had learned of her accident and her whereabouts, and I added that I had wired to her husband. D. Christie Murray, Weaker Ve el, xxxiii. To wire away. Same as to wire in. [Slang.] Neverthele , in one fashion or another he "keeps wir ing away ," stopping now and then to listen as well as his throbbing pulses will allow. Fortnightly Rev. , N. S., XLIII. 93. To wire in, to apply one's self closely and perseveringly to anything; pre forward; go ahead. [Slang.] wire (wir), n. A corruption of weir. wire-bent (wir'bent), n. Same as mat - gra , 2. wire-bird (wir'bėrd), n. A species of plover. [At St. Helena] are a few Wild Goats, a kind of Rock Pigeon, and a species of Plover called the " Wire Bird ." W. W. Greener, The Gun, p. 657.