toot3 (tot)

[Origin uncertain; cf. tout1, n.] 1. A lazy, worthle person. [Slang.] Marsh Yates, the "shif'le toot , " and his beautiful, energetic wife. Harper's Mag ., LXXVII. 801. 2. The devil. Hall i well. [Prov. Eng.] tooter1t (tö'tėr), n. [Early mod. E. toter; Hor. The world will take her for an unicorn. Val . Examine but this nose. Sco . I have a toter . ... Val . Which placed with symmetry is like a fountain I' the middle of her face. Aur. A nose of wax! Shirley, Duke's Mistre , iv. 1. 2. One who looks or peers; a watchman. These thing us for so the seide the Lord to me, Go, and put a tootere ; and what euere thing he shal see, telle he. Wyclif , Isa. xxi. 6. tooter2 (tö'ter), n. [Early mod. E. also toter; Here is a boy that loves to coast, skate, fire crackers, blow squash tooters . O. W. Holmes , Profe or, viii. tooth (töth), n.; pl. teeth (teth). [ toth (pl. teth ), tōth (pl. tēth , rarely tōthas ) = ÖS. tand =OFries. tōth = MD. D. tand = MLG. tant, LG. tän = OHG. zand, zan, MHG. zant, zan, G. zahn = Icel. tönn (orig. * tannr, * tandr ) = Sw. Dan. tand = Goth. tunthus (Teut. tanth-, tunth- ) W. dant = Corn. danz = Bret. dant = OIr. dēt =L. dens (dent-) (> It. dente = Sp. diente = Pg. dente = F. dent, > E. dent2 ) = Gr. ὀδούς (όδοντ-), also ὀδών ( όδοντ- ) = Lith. dant is = Pers. dandan = Skt. dant, tooth; perhaps with an orig. initial radical vowel (obscured by lack of accent, re 6381 duced to oin Gr. and lost in the other tongues), orig. Teut. * etanth-, * etand- = L. * eden ( t- ) = Gr. *ἐδοντ- = Skt. * adant-, etc., lit. 'eater' or 'eating,' identical with AS. etende (= L. eden(t-)s = Gr. ἔδων (ἐδοντ-)), eating, ppr. of etan, etc., = L. edere = Gr. ἔδειν, eat: see eat.] 1. A hard (horny, dentinal, o eous, chitinous, calcareous, or silicious) body or substance, in the mouth, pharynx, gullet, or stomach of an animal, serving primarily for the apprehension, mastication, or trituration of food, and secondarily as a weapon of attack or defense, and for a variety of other purposes, as digging in the ground, climbing, articulation of vocal sounds, etc. In man and mammals generally teeth are confined to the mucous membrane of the premaxillary, supramaxillary, and inframaxillary bones, and true teeth are present throughout the cla , with a few exceptions. (See Edentata, Monotremata.) True teeth existed in Cretaceous birds, as the Archæopteryx, Hes per ornis, and Ichthyornis; no recent birds have teeth. (See cut under Ichthyornis.) In reptiles, batrachians, and fishes teeth are the rule; in these cla es they may be not only on the maxillary bones of either or both jaws, but also on the palate-bones, pharyngeal bones, vomer, etc. Chelonians are devoid of teeth, their horny beaks answering for biting, as is also the case with birds. IMG:content-0571.png:[merged small][merged small][subsumed][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][merged small][subsumed][ocr errors] Human Tooth, enlarged: A, vertical section; B, horizontal section. a, enamel of crown; &, pulp-cavity; c, cement of roots or fangs; d, dentin. (In A the letter d is opposite the cingulum.) True teeth are usually attached to the bones of the jaws by being socketed in pits or grooves called alveoli, this mode of articulation being termed gomphosis. In reptiles, etc., the attachment to bone may be more intimate, and may occur in several ways, whence the terms acrodont, holcodont, pleurodont, thecodont, etc. True teeth in vertebrates are enderonic structures which develop from odontoblasts, and consist chiefly of a substance called dentin, to which may be added cement and enamel; which hard structures, as a rule, are disposed about a pulp - cavity, filled with soft tooth - pulp, or the nutrient and nervous structures of the tooth. This cavity may close up or remain wide open; in the latter case, teeth grow perennially or for an indefinite period. (See Glires, Rodent i a.) Dentin resembles bone in most respects, and differs especially in the finene and parallelism of the tubules which radiate from the central cavity. Ivory is a variety of dentin. The hard ti ues of teeth are sometimes intricately folded (see labyrinthodont, with cut); but individual teeth are seldom compounded (see, however, Orycteropodidæ ). Teeth of monotremes, when present, are horny and not dentinal. There may be one or several rows of maxillary teeth, which succe ively come into position, as the molars of the elephant, or are simultaneously in position, as is the rule. In all mammals true teeth are confined to a single row, upon the bones above mentioned; and in none are there more than two sets of teeth. Mammals with only one set of teeth are termed mon ophyodont; those with two sets, diphyodont. In diphyodont mammals the first or temporary set of teeth are termed milk- teeth; these are sometimes shed in the womb; the second set are the permanent teeth. According to their special shapes, or their special seats, teeth of diphyodonts are divided into three sets-incisors, canines, and molars. An incisor of the upper jaw is any tooth situated upon the premaxillary bone; an incisor of the under jaw is any tooth of the mandible which opposes a superior incisor. An upper canine is the single first or most anterior tooth of the supramaxillary bone; an under canine is the tooth which opposes this one, and on closure of the mouth pa es in front of it. A molar tooth is one of the back teeth, or grinders. Molars are divided into false molars, premolars, or bicuspids, and true molars; the premolars being those which are preceded by milk-molars, the molars proper being those which have no predece ors. Thus, the permanent dentition of a diphyodont mammal differs from the milk-dentition by the addition of true molars. This cla ification of the teeth enables us to construct convenient dental formulæ. (See dental formula, under dental.) The incisors are generally simple, single-rooted, nipping or cutting teeth, whence the name (but see soricident, with cut). The canine is likewise a simple tooth, but one which in the Carnivora, as a dog or cat, is lengthened and even saber-like (the name is taken from its condition in the dog, and retained whether this tooth be actually can in i form or not). The molar, grinding, or crushing teeth usually have more than one root or fang, and more than one cusp or prominence upon the crown; they are hence called bicus pid, tricuspid, multicuspid, etc., as the premolars (bicuspids) and molars (multicuspids) of man; their crowns are variously tuberculous, giving rise to special descriptive terms, as bunodont, symborodont, bathmodont, selenodont, mastodont, etc., and also bi-, tri-, quadri-, quinque - tubercu late, etc. One molar or premolar above and below, in carnivorous quadrupeds, is specially modified with a sharp crest which cuts against its fellow of the other jaw like a sci or-blade; such a tooth is termed sectorial or carna ial. A tooth (incisor or canine) which projects from the mouth is termed a tusk or tush, as in the elephant, walrus, narwhal, wild boar and others of the pig family, and the fo il saber-toothed cats ( Mac haro dont in a ). (See cuts under Monodon, saber - toothed, and tusk.) A tooth may be peculiarly folded upon itself to serve as a channel for the conveyance of a poisonous fluid, as in the rattlesnake: such a tooth is termed a fang. (See poison - fang, and cut under Crotal us.) A tooth is commonly divided into a crown, a neck or cingulum, embraced by the gum, and a fang or root -the latter, which may be multiple, being socketed tooth in the alveolar proce of the jaw. Any animal's set of teeth, or the character of that set, constitutes its dentition. Decay of the teeth is caries, and a decaying tooth is said to be carious. The scientific study and description of teeth is odontology or odontography. In pursuing this subject, see the various words above italicized, and many of the cuts cited under skull, as well as those under Desmodontes, maxillary, palate, Python ide, scalpriform, and supra maxillary. As blak as cole icheon the i were in dede, Save only ther tet he ther was noo white to see. Generydes (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1943. Nothur at thy mete thy toth thou pyke. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 14. No vertebrate animal has teeth in any part of the alimentary canal save the mouth and pharynx - except a snake (Rachiodon), which has a series of what must be termed teeth , formed by the projection of the inferior spinous proce es of numerous anterior vertebræ into the œsophagus. Huxley , Anat. Vert., p. 81. 2. In Invertebrata, one of various hard bodies, presenting great variety of position and structure, which may occur in the alimentary canal from the mouth to the stomach. Such teeth are always ecderonic, cuticular, or epithelial structures, as the numerous teeth upon the lingual ribbon of gastropods, as the snail. These are true teeth, of chitinous structure, very numerous, and very regularly arranged in cro -rows each of which usually consists of differently shaped teeth distinguished by name (as median, admedian, uncinal, etc.), and the whole character of which is important in cla ification. (See odontophore, cuts under radula and ribbon, and various cla ificatory terms cited under radu la. ) Various hard tooth-like or jaw-like projections receive the name of teeth, as certain chitinous protuberances, called cardiac or gastric teeth, in the stomach of the lobster, crab, etc. 3. In zoöl., a projection resembling or likened to a tooth. Specifically - (a) A horny proce of the cutting edge of the beak of many birds, as the falcon and shrike. See cut under dentirostral. (b) A proce of the shell in many bivalves, at or near the hinge. Thus, a genus A no dont a is so named from the absence of these teeth, conspicuous in related genera. See cardinal teeth (under cardinal ), and cuts under bivalve, Caprotinidæ, and Pli catula. (c) A tooth-like or jaw-like part (sometimes a jaw itself) of various invertebrates. See cuts under Clype as tri dæ and lantern of Aristotle (under lantern ). 4. In bot., any small pointed marginal lobe, especially of a leaf: in mo es applied to the delicate fringe of proce es about the mouth of the capsule, collectively known as the peristome. See peristome, Musci, and cuts under cilium and Dicranum.-5. Any projection corresponding to or resembling the tooth of an animal in shape, position, or office; a small, narrow, projecting piece, usually one of a set. (a) One of the projections of a comb, a saw, a file, a harrow, or a rake. Cheese that would break the teeth of a new hand-saw I could endue now like an estrich. Fletcher (and another ), Love's Pilgrimage, ii. 2. (b) One of the tines or prongs of a fork. (c) One of the sharp wires of a carding-instrument. (d) One of a series of projections on the edge of a wheel which catch on corresponding parts of a wheel or other body; a cog. See cut under pinion. 6. pl. In a rose-cut diamond, the lower zone of facets. They form a truncated cone-shaped base for the crown.-7. In veneering, the roughne made by the toothing-plane on the surfaces to be glued together to afford a good hold for the glue.-8. Figuratively, a fang; the sharp or distre ing part of anything. Blow, blow, thou winter wind;... Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen. Shak., As you Like it, ii. 7. 177. 9. Palate; relish; taste, literally or figuratively. Compare a sweet tooth, below. Chart. He's an excellent musician himself, you must note that. May. And having met one fit for his own tooth , you see, he skips from us. Dekker and Webster , Northward Ho, iv. 4. These are not dishes for thy dainty tooth . Dryden, tr. of Persius's Satires, iii. 229. It was much the same everywhere - affable greetings, pre ing invitations, great courtesy, but nothing, absolutely nothing, for the impatient tooth of a correspondent. Harper's Mag ., LXXVIII. 867. 10. Keep; maintenance. Hall i well. [Prov. Eng.]-Addendum of a tooth. See addendum. Admedian teeth, in conch. See admedian. - Armed to the teeth. See armed. - Artificial teeth, pieces of ivory or porcelain fashioned in the shape of natural teeth, used to replace the latter which have been lost or extracted. When made of porcelain they are further known as incorruptible, mineral, or vitrescent teeth. -A sweet tooth, a fondne for sweet food. I am glad that my Adonis hath a sweete tooth in his head. Lyly, Euphues (ed. Arber), p. 308. Bas i occipital tooth. See bas i occipital. - Bicuspid teeth. See bicuspid. - Bulb of a tooth. See bulb. - By or with the skin of one's teeth. See skin. - Canine teeth. See def. 1, and canine. - Can in i form tooth, any tooth, whether a canine or other, that resembles the specialized canine of a carnivore in size and shape: as, lateral incisors can in i form; canines not can in i form. - Capsule of teeth, the membrane of Nasmyth. See Nasmyth's mem brane, under membrane. - Cardinal teeth, in conch., the hinge-teeth of a bivalve. See def. 3 (b), hinge - tooth, and tooth IMG:content-0572.png:[graphic] cut under bivalve. - Clean as a hound's tooth, perfectly clean; like polished ivory. - Deciduous teeth. See milk tooth and dentition. - Dog teeth. See dog - tooth. Ele phant's-tooth, a kind of tooth-shell, Dentalium elephan tinum. - Epicycloidal teeth. See epicycloidal (with cut). - Eruption of teeth, the cutting or appearance of the teeth of any kind; dentition. - Esophageal teeth. See esophageal, and third quotation under def. 1.- Eye teeth. See eye - tooth. Formula of teeth. See dental formula (under dental ), and def. 1.- From one's teeth, not from the heart; reluctantly or as a matter of form. When the best hint was given him, he not took 't, Or did it from his teeth. Shak ., A. and C., iii. 4. 10. Gliriform teeth, any teeth that resemble the perennial incisors of the rodents or Glires . - Hen's teeth, that which does not exist, or which is extremely rare or unlikely. Compare the like use of black swan (under swan1 ). [Colloq.]-Hunting tooth, in toothed gearing, a single tooth, either of the wheel or of the pinion, more than what is required to make the numbers of teeth in the wheel and in the pinion commensurable. The purpose of a hunting tooth is to prevent the same teeth from coming into contact at each revolution, and thus to distribute more uniformly the wearing effect of friction. - Incisive tooth. See incisive edge (under incisive ), and incisor . - In spite or despite of one's teeth, despite all resistance opposition. Shak., - Wisdom teeth. all, tooth and nail. 6382 See wisdom - tooth . - With teeth and Hooker , Eccles. Polity, viii. 6. [ too then , to then ; tooth , tooth (töth), v. n.] I. trans. 1. To bite; taste. They were many times in doubt which they should touth first, or taste last. Go on, Schoole of Abuse. 2. To furnish with teeth: as, to tooth a rake. That to we is toothed thicke as the mesure Of erees wol not pa e hem, upwarde bende... And every corne wol start into this chare. Palladius , Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 159. Words worth. The twin cards toothed with glittering wire. 3. To indent; cut into teeth; jag. Then saws were toothed, and sounding axes made. Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Georgics, i. 215. 4. To lock one in another. II. in trans. 1t. To teethe. When thaire crestes springe As seke are thay as children in tothinge . Palladius , Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 25. 2. To interlock, as cog-wheels. sition or conflict. IMG:content-0573.png:[blocks in formation] Dost thou jeer and flout me in the teeth ? Shak ., C. of E., ii. 2. 22. In the teeth of. (a) Despite; in defiance of; in opposition to. As the oath taken by the clergy was in the teeth of their principles, so was their conduct in the teeth of their oath. Macaulay, Hallam's Const. Hist. (b) Straight against: noting direction: as, to walk in the teeth of the wind. Their ve els go only before the wind, and they had a strong steady gale almost directly in their teeth . Bruce, Source of the Nile, I. 62. (c) In the face or presence of; before. The carrier scarcely knew what to do in the teeth of so urgent a me age. R. D. Black more , Cripps the Carrier, i. Lateral teeth, in conch . See lateral , a., 3, and n., 1 (a) (6).- Lingual teeth. See lingual . Mandibular teeth, (a) The teeth of the mandible or lower jaw of any verte brate. (b) The proce es or serration of the mandibles of any insect, as a stag-beetle. Maugre one's teetht. See maugre. - Maxillary teeth. See maxillary. - Median teeth, in conch., the single middle teeth of the several cro -rows of radular teeth, as distinguished from the paired admedian, lateral, or uncinal teeth of each cro row. Milk-teeth. See def. 1 and milk - tooth. Molari form teeth, any teeth, whether molars or others, which serve for crushing, or resemble true grinders in shape or office. - Molar teeth. See def. 1, molar, n., and cut under supramaxillary. Old woman's tooth. Same as router plane (which see, under router ). - Permanent, pharyn geal, pitted, stomachal teeth. See the adjectives. Premolar teeth. See def. 1, premolar, and cuts under palate and supramaxillary. - Radular teeth, in conch. See radula (with cut), and cuts under ribbon and toroglos sate.- Stomach teeth. See stomach - tooth. - Superadded teeth, the six posterior permanent teeth of either jaw of man-that is, the true molars. - Teeth of succe ion, the ten anterior permanent teeth of each jaw of man, which succeed the milk-teeth - that is, the incisors, canines, and premolars, as taken together, and distinguished from su per added teeth. - Temporary teeth, the milk-teeth.To cast one's colt's tooth, to have a colt's tooth. See colt. To cast or throw in one's teeth, to give boldly, as a challenge, taunt, reproach, etc. Mat. xxvii. 44. - To cut one's eye-teeth, to acquire worldly wisdom by experience; have one's wits sharpened. Compare like implication of wisdom - tooth. To cut the teeth. See cut. - To have (carry) a bone in the teeth. Same as to carry a bone in the mouth. See bone1. - To hide one's teetht, to di imulate one's hostility; feign friendship. The jailer hid his teeth , and, putting on a show of kindne , seemed much troubled that we should sit there abroad. T. Ellwood, Life (ed. Howells), p. 323. To hit in the teeth with, to taunt or twit with; throw in the teeth of. If you be my friend, keep you so; if you have done me a good turn, do not hit me i' the teeth with 't; that's not the part of a friend. Beau , and Fl . , Wit at Several Weapons, v. 1. To lie in one's teeth. See lie 2. - To love the tooth, to be an epicure or gourmet. Very delicate dainties, greatly sought by them that love the tooth so well. Holland , tr. of Camden, p. 543. ( Davies .) To one's (the) teeth, to one's face; openly; boldly; deflantly: sometimes intensified as to the hard teeth. Mowbray in fight him matchle honour won;... Gifford seemed danger to her teeth to dare. ach, toothake; Coughes and cardiac les, crampes and tothaches. Piers Plowman (B), xx. 81. I am troubled With the toothache, or with love, I know not whether; There is a worm in both. Mas singer , Parliament of Love, i. 5.