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21. 3. A diocese of the later Roman prefecture of Italy. It comprised the Roman provinces of Africa, Numidia, and a part of Mauri tan i a, and corresponded to modern Algeria, Tunis, and Tripoli. 4. See the extract. Africa meant to the Arabs the province of Carthage or Tunis and its capital, which was not at first Tunis but succe ively Kayrawan and Mahdiya. Throughout the later middle ages the name Africa is applied by Chris tian writers to latter city. Here it was that in 1390 a "grand and noble enterprise" came to an untimely end. "The Genoese," says Froi art, "bore great enmity to this town; for its Corsairs frequently watched them at sea, and when strongest fell on and plundered their ships, carrying Poole , Story of the Barbary Corsairs, p. 131. their spoils to this town of Africa." Africaine (äf-ri-kān'), L'. An opera by Meyer beer, produced at the Académie in Paris, April 28, 1865, after his death. African International A ociation. See Kongo Free State . African War, The. The war between Julius Cæsar and the followers of Pompey, who had collected in the province of Africa after the defeat of Pharsalia 48 в. сc., and were overthrown at Thapsus 46 в. с. Africans, The. A pastoral by Colman the younger, produced in 1808. African us (af-ri-kā'nus), Sextus Julius. A Christian historian of the first half of the 3d century A. D., author of a treatise on chronology, fragments of which are extant (chiefly in Eusebius). Afridis (ä-frē'diz). A warlike tribe of Afghans dwelling south of Peshawar. Afrikander (äf-re-kän'der). The Dutch word for "African": a name given to whites born in South Africa, particularly to those of Dutch descent. cat dialects). (b) Mixed (Amharic, Tigré, etc.). (2) Malay languages (Madagascar). (3) Aryan languages. (a) English, in South Africa and Liberia. French, in Algeria. (b) Creole dialects. Mediterranean Lingua Franca. IMG:content-0028.png:[blocks in formation] English Creole (in West Africa, Kru-English). Portuguese Creole (Cape Verde Islands; S. Thomé and Principe Islands). Dutch Creole (Boers and Hottentots). In the English, Portuguese, and Dutch Creoles, the word store is European; much of the phonology, morphology, and syntax is African. For the Semitic and Malay lan see Arabic , Malay - Polynesian . For the purely African languages, see Bantu , Nigritic , Hamitic , Nuba Fulah , Hottentot . - African ethnography. Owing to the scantine of ethnographic data, the linguistic division of Africa is also generally applied to the ethnographic sons group, or from cla to cla . Thus the Hottentots of Cape Colony have lost their original dialect, and adopted Dutch. The Ba-Rotse, on the Zambesi, have lost their language and adopted the Se-chuana dialect of the Ma-Kololo. The Nuba of Egypt, while retaining many characteristics of their language, have lost nearly all their racial traits, while, on the contrary, the Hausa have given up almost every trace of their first mother-tongue, but are still, racially, pure negroes. As a rule, the names of African tribes and languages or dialects, if stripped of prefixes and suffixes, coincide, and will be found under one title in this dictionary. See Bantu , Nigritic , Hottentot , Hamitic , Nuba - Fulah ; also African names and African languages .] 2. In ancient geography, a part of northern Africa which corresponded nearly to the modern Tunis. It comprised the immediate dominions of Carthage. Later it was a Roman province. of Afrikanderinfluence, but at the ultimate com plete independence of South Africa in the form of a United States of South Africa. Afzelius (af-zē'li-us; Sw. pron. äf-tsa'li-ös), Adam. Born at Larf, Sweden, Oct. 7, 1750: died Jan. 30,1837. A Swedish naturalist, demonstrator of botany at Upsala (1785), scientific explorer in Sierra Leone (1792), secretary of legation in London (1796), and profe or of materia medic a at Upsala (1812). Afzelius, Arvid Augu August. Born May 6, 1785: died at Enköping, Sept. 25, 1871. A Swedish writer and scholar, noted as a collector of Swedish folk-songs. He was pastor at Enkö IMG:content-0029.png:[blocks in formation] Agada (ag'a-da). [Aramean form of Hebrew hagada , narrative.] The name given to one of the two great divisions of post-biblical Hebrew literature. It denotes that portion of the Talmudic literature not devoted to religious law: thus the exegetical and homiletical portions, fables, proverbs, the ethics, as well as everything relating to natural science and history, are included under the term Agada , which is opposed to Halacha , the legal portions. Agade (a-gä'de). See Akkad .