reagent (reajent)

[ These tools have some questionable properties. They are reagents . Machinery is aggre ive. The weaver becomes a web, the machinist a machine. Emerson , Works and Days. 2. In chem., a substance used to effect chemical change in another substance for the purpose of identifying its component parts or of ascertaining its percentage composition. Thus, the infusion of galls is a reagent which indicates iron in solution by a dark-purple precipitate. Barium chlorid is a reagent which separates sulphuric acid from a solution in the insoluble form of barium sulphate which can be weighed, and from the weight of which the actual amount of sulphuric acid can readily be deduced. 3. Anything used for the treatment of a substance under investigation to render its nature or condition more evident. Ordinarily the object is to see what changes are thus produced, but the word is used more loosely, as in hardening reagents. Ne ler's reagent, a reagent used to detect and determine minute quantities of ammonia, particularly in water. It consists of a strongly alkaline solution of pota ium iodide and mercuric chlorid. A few drops added to a few fluid ounces of water will cause a slight reddish-yellow tinge if one part of ammonia is present in twenty million parts of water. reaggravation (rē-ag-ra-vā'shon), n. [ tions and before the excommunication. reagree (re-a-grē'), v. [ II.t trans. To cause to agree again; reconcile. And fain to see that glorious holiday Of union which this discord reagreed . Daniel , Civil Wars, vii. 111. reakt, v . i. An obsolete spelling of reek1 . reaket, n. [Perhaps an erroneous form for wrack or wreck , or an error for reate , q. v.: see wrack , wreck.] A kind of plant. [The word occurs only in the pa age quoted, where it is used as a translation of Latin ulva , seaweed.] The bore is yll in Laurente soyle, That feedes on reakes and reedes; Somtymes fro me goodly pleasant vine A sower tendrell speedes. Drant, tr. of Horace's Satires, ii. 4. reakst. See to play rex, under rex. reaks-playert, n. One who plays reaks (rex). Cotgrave. real is , reall (rē'al), a. and n. [ lic, republican, etc.] I. a. 1. Actual; genu ine; true; authentic; not imaginary, artificial, counterfeit, or factitious: as, real lace. I waked, and found Before mine eyes all real , as the dream Had lively shadow'd. Milton , P. L., viii. 310. Homer tells us that the blood of the gods is not real blood, but only something like it. Add is on, Spectator, No. 275. The hatred of unreality was uppermost with Carlyle; the love of what is real with Emerson. 4985 real, and independent of what we may think about it. Real objects are either external to the mind, when they are independent altogether of our thought, or they are internal, when they depend upon thought, but not upon thought about them. The term real ( real is ), though always importing the existent, is used in various significations and oppositions. 1. As denoting existence, in contrast to the nomenclature of existence the thing as contradistinguished from its name. Thus we have definitions and divisions real , and definitions and divisions nominal or verbal. 2. As expre ing the existent as opposed to the non-existent - a something in contrast to a nothing. In this sense the diminutions of existence, to which reality in the following significations is counterposed, are all real . 3. As denoting material or external, in contrast to mental, spiritual, or internal, existence. This meaning is improper. 4. As synonymous with actual ; and this ( a ) as opposed to potential, (b) as opposed to po ible existence. 5. As denoting absolute or irrespective, in opposition to phænomenal or relative, existence; other words, as denoting things in themselves and out of relation to all else, in contrast to things in relation to, and as known by, intelligences, like men, who know only under the conditions of plurality and difference. In this sense, which is rarely employed and may be neglected, the real is only another term for the unconditioned or absolute-τὸ ὄντως ὄν. 6. As indicating existence considered as a subsistence in nature (ens extra animam, ens naturæ), it stands counter to an existence considered as a representation in thought. In this sense, reale , in the language of the older philosophy (Scholastic, Cartes i an, Gas send i an), as applied to e e or ens , is opposed to intention ale , not i on ale, concepti bile , imaginarium , ra tion is, cognition is , in anima , in intellectu , prout cognitum , ideale , etc.; and corresponds with a parte rei as opposed to a parte intellect us , with subject i vum as opposed to ob jectivum , with proprium , principale , and fundament ale as opposed to vicarium , with materiale as opposed to for male , and with for male in seipso and ent it at i vum as opposed to represent at i vum , etc. Under this head, in the vacillating language of our more recent philosophy, real approximates to, but is hardly convertible with, objective, in contrast to subjective in the signification there prevalent. 7. In close connection with the sixth meaning, real, in the last place, denotes an identity or difference founded on the conditions of the existence of a thing in itself, in contrast to an identity or difference founded only on the relation or point of view in which the thing may be regarded by the thinking subject. In this sense it is opposed to logical or rational, the terms being here employed in a peculiar meaning. Thus a thing which really ( re ) or in itself is one and indivisible may logically ( ratione ) by the mind be considered as diverse or plural. Sir W. Hamilton, Reid's Works, Note B, § 1, 5, foot-note. Ideas of substances are real when they agree with the existence of things. Locke, Human Understanding, II. xxx. 5. We substitute a real for a dramatic person, and judge him accordingly. Lamb , Artificial Comedy. For the first time the ideal social compact was real . Emerson, Hist. Discourse at Concord. 41. Sincere; faithful; loyal. Then the governor told them, if they were real , as they profe ed, he should expect their ready and free concurrence with him in all affairs tending to the public service. Memoirs of Colonel Hutch in son (1643). ( Nares .) 5t. Relating to things, not to persons; not personal. Bacon . real interest in lands, etc., except some minor, temporary, or inchoate rights which by the laws of most jurisdictions are deemed to be personal estate. "At common law, any estate in lands, etc., the date of the termination of which is not determined by or ascertainable from or at the date of the act which creates it, is real estate." ( Robinson.) The line between the two cla es of property is differently drawn in detail, according as the object of the law is to define what shall be taxed, or what shall go to the heir in case of intestacy as distinguished from what shall go through the administrator to the next of kin, or what shall come within the rules as to recording titles, or other purposes. Real_evidence, exchange, focus, fugue. See the nouns. - Real horse-power. Same as indicated horse - power (which see, under horse - power ). - Real identity, the non-difference in reality of the extremes of a relation. Real immunity ( eccles.). See immunity, 3.Real induction. See induction, 5.- Real laws, laws which directly and indirectly regulate property, and the rights of property, without changing the state of the person.-Real noon. Same as apparent noon (which see, under apparent ). - Real partition, the mental separation of an object into parts which might be physically separated. - Real poinding, po ibility, power, precision, presence, privilege. See the nouns. - Real property. Same as real estate. - Real quality, quantity, relation, representative, restriction, right. See the nouns. - Real question, a question where the attribute in regard to whose presence or absence inquiry is made is a real one. - Real science or philosophy. ( α ) A science or philosophy that is caused in the mind by a real thing, as physics, mathematics, metaphysics; a speculative science: opposed to practical science, which is caused in the mind by an idea of a thing to be brought about. (b) A science which has a determinate reality for its object, and is conversant about existences other than forms of thought: in this sense, mathematics is not a real science. Real services. Same as predial services (which see, under predial ). - Real things, in law, things substantial and immovable, and the rights and profits annexed to or i uing out of them. Real truth, the agreement of a judgment with its object: opposed to formal truth, which consists in the agreement of a reasoning with the principles of logic. - The real stuff, the genuine thing; that which is really what is represented or supposed: used especially of liquors. [Colloq.] In this exhibition there are, of course, a certain number of persons who make believe that they are handing you round tokay-giving you the real imperial stuff , with the seal of genuine stamped on the cork. Thackeray, Men and Pictures. Real warrandice. See warrandice. =Syn. 1 and 2. Real, Actual, Positive, veritable, substantial, e ential. Real applies to that which certainly exists, as opposed to that which is imaginary or feigned: as, real cause for alarm; a real occurrence; a real person, and not a ghost or a shadow; real sorrow. Actual applies to that which is brought to be or to pa , as opposed to that which is po ible, probable, conceivable, approximate, estimated, or gue ed at. Actual has a rather new but natural secondary sense of present. Positive, from the idea of a thing's being placed, fixed, or established, is opposed to uncertain or doubtful. II. n. 1. That which is real; a real existence or object; a reality. While it is true that correlatives imply each other, it is not true that all correlatives imply Reals. The only meaning we can attach to Reality is that every Real has a corresponding feeling or group of feelings. G. H. Lewes , Probs. of Life and Mind, II. 19. Scotists, Thomists, Reals , Nominals. 2t. A realist. Burton , Anat. of Mel., p. 677. Many are perfect in men's humours that are not greatly capable of the real part of busine . 6. In law , pertaining to or having the quality of things fixed or immovable. See real estate , etc., below. - Chattel real. See chattel . Covenant real. See covenant .-Real abstraction. See abstrac- tion . - Real action, in law . See action , 8.- Real a ets. simple legend, - "Just as good as The real. (a) Reality. (6) The real thing; the genuine article. [Colloq.] A cynic might suggest as the motto of modern life this as the real." C. D. Warner, Backlog Studies, p. 4. signified by a term of first intention: opposed to a notional attribute, which is signified by a term of second intention. Real burden, in Scots law, a burden in money imposed on the subject of a right, as on an estate, in the deed which the right is constituted, and thus dist in very; quite. [Colloq., Eng. and U. S.] real2+ (rē'al), a. [ It is probable that the American inventor of the first anæsthetic has done more for the real happine of mankind than all the moral philosophers from So crates to Mill. Lecky , Europ. Morals, I. 91. The Teutonic words are all of them real words, words which we are always wanting. E. A. Freeman , Amer. Lects., p. 163. 2. Of genuine character; not pretended or pretending; una umed or una uming. Phœbe's presence made a home about her.. She was real ! Hawthorne , Seven Gables, ix. Real kings hide away their crowns in their wardrobes, and affect a plain and poor exterior. Emerson, Works and Days. 3. Specifically, in philos., existing in or pertaining to things, and not words or thought merely; being independent of any person's thought about the subject; po e ing characters independently of the attribution of them by any individual mind or any number of minds; not resulting from the mind's action: opposed to imaginary or intentional. Real differs from actual, inasmuch as what is only in germ or in po e, in so far as it has a power of developing into a definite actuality, is guished from a personal burden, which is imposed merely on the receiver of the right. - Real character. See char acter.-Real component of a force. See component. Real composition. (a) The union of objects having existences distinct from one another. (b) In Eng. eccles. law, an agreement made between the owner of lands and the parson or vicar, with consent of the ordinary, that such lands shall be discharged from payment of tithes, in consequence of other land or recompense given to the parson in lieu and satisfaction thereof. Also called composition of tithes. Real concordance. See concordance, 3.Real contract. See contract. - Real conveniencet, the agreement of a thing with itself. - Real definition, the definition of a thing that is to say, of a species-by stating the components of its e ence, or its place in natural cla ification. For the nominalists there could be no real definition, in the proper sense; hence, finding the definitions so called useful, they invented new definitions of the phrase. The real definition, for Leibnitz and Wolf, is the definition from which the po ibility of the thing defined sibility of the thing from its e ential marks; for Mill, the follows; for Kant, the definition which sets forth the pos definition of a name with an implied a umption of the existence of the thing. - Real degradation. See degrada tion, 1(a). - Real distinction. (a) A distinction independent of any person's thought. (b) A distinction between real objects. The Scotists made subtle and elaborate definitions of this phrase. - Real diversity, division, ens, e ence. See the nouns. - Real estate, in law: ( a ) Land, including with it whatever by nature or artificial annexation inheres with it as a part of it or as the means of its enjoyment, as minerals on or in the earth, standing or running water, growing trees, permanent buildings, and fences. In this sense the term refers to those physical objects of ownership which are immovable. (b) The ownership of or property in lands, etc.; any legal or equitable Thus, real as a prince is in his halle, Leve I this chauntecleer in his pasture. Chaucer , Nun's Priest's Tale, 1. 364. Sir, I could wish that for the time of your vouchsafed abiding here, and more real entertainment, this my house stood on the Muses' hill. B. Jonson , Every Man out of his Humour, ii. 1. Reall , magnanimous, bountious. Marston, Antonio and Mellida, I., ii. 1. real3 (ra-al′), n .; pl. reales (ra-äʻles). [Also rial ; Sp.real , a coin so called, lit. ‘royal,' L.regal is , regal, royal:see real2, royal, regal.] A subsidiary silver coin and money of account in Spain and Spanish-American tries. The current real of Spain ( real de vellon ) is one quarter of the peseta coun Obverse. Reverse. Silver Real of Isabella II.- British Museum. (Size of original.) or franc, and worth about 5 United States cents. The Mex ican real, corresponding to the old Spanish real de plat a , is one eighth of a dollar (Mexican peso ), and reckoned at 12 cents. The latter coin, both Spanish and Mexican, circulated largely in the United States down to about 1850, real being called a Spanish or Mexican shilling in New York, a levy (see levy3, 1) in the South, etc. real4 (rē'al), n. [Cuban, perhaps