Devereux, Robert, third Earl of Essex

Born Devil's Wall. A popular name for the south the Pfahlgraben (which see). Devil upon Two Sticks, The. A comedy by Netherlands, 1623: murdered at The Hague, Aug. 20, 1672. A Dutch politician and naval officer, brother of Jan De Witt. De Witt, Jan. Born at Dort, Netherlands, about 1625: murdered at The Hague, Aug. 20, 1672. A Dutch statesman. He became grand pen- sionary of Holland in 1653; terminated the war with Eng- land (which had broken out in 1652) by a treaty with Cromwell in 1654; carried on a war with England 1665-67; procured the pa age of the Perpetual Edict (directed tiated with England and Sweden the Triple Alliance, which frustrated the design of Louis XIV. to annex the nicipal and parliamentary borough in Devon- shire, England, on estuary of the the house Orange) and in 1668 nego. Devons hire, Earl and Duke of. See Blount , Courtenay, Cavendish . Devons hire Club. A Liberal club at 50 St. James street, London, established in 1875. Devons hire House. A house in Piccadilly, London, near Berkeley street. It is the residence of the Duke of Devons hire, and has for more than a cen- tury been one of the headquarters of the leaders of the Whig party. Spanish Netherlands. He was overthrown by the Orange party in 1672, and with his brother Cornel i us was murdered at The Hague by an infuriated mob. Dewsbury (duz'ber"i). A town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, situated on the Calder 8 miles southwest of Leeds. It is the center of the shoddy manufacture. Population (1891), 29,847. Dexileus (dek-sil'ē-us), Monument of. A mon- ument on the Street of Tombs at Athens. It is who has ridden down an enemy. Dexileus fell before Dexippus (deks-ip'us), Publius Herennius. [Gr. [Gr. Δέξιππος .] Δέξιππος .] Died about 280 A. D. A Greek historian. He commanded a band of patriots in 262 against the Goths or Scythians who invaded Greece and captured Athens. He wrote an account of this invasion, entitled Σκυθικά , fragments of which are extant. Dexter (deks'ter). A dark-bay trotting gelding with white legs and a blaze, by Hamble ton i an (10), dam Clara, by Seely's American Star. June 21, 1867, he won the fastest trotting record in 2:171, and lost it to Goldsmith's Maid (2:14) in 1874. Dexter, Henry Martyn. Born at Plympton, Ma ., Aug. 13, 1821: died at New Bedford, Ma ., Nov. 13, 1890. An American Congrega- tional clergyman and historian, editor of the "Congregationalist" (at Boston) 1851-66 and from 1867. His works include "The Voice of the Bible," etc. (1858), "Congregationalism," etc. (1865), "Church Polity of the Puritans," etc. (1870), "The Con- gregationalism of the last Three Hundred Years," vision of the Siouan stock of North American Indians, composed of five tribes-the Ponka, Omaha, Kwapa, Osage, and Kansa-number- ing 4,071. See Siouan. Dholpur (dhol-pör'). A native state of Rajpu- tana, India, under British supervision and a Jat dynasty, situated about lat. 26° 45′ N., long. 78° E. Area, 1,156 square miles. Popu- lati on (1891), 279,890. Dhritarashtra (dhri-ta-räsh'trä). [Skt., 'whose kingdom is firm.'] The eldest son of Vichitra- by Gandhari a hundred sons, of whom the eldest was Duryod virya Vyasa, and brother of Pandu. He had dhana. Dhritarashtra was blind, and Pandu was affected with a disease supposed from his name, "the pale," to be leprosy. The two brothers renounced the throne, and the great war recorded in the Mahabharata was fought be- Devrient, Ludwig. Born at Berlin, Dec. 15, 1784: died at Berlin, Dec. 20, 1832. A noted Ger- man actor. He first went on the stage at Gera, May 18, 1804, under the name of Herzberg, as the Me enger in "The Bride of Me ina." He first appeared in Berlin in 1815, and was at once succe ful. He was particularly fine as Shylock, Lear, Richard III., Mercutio, Falstaff, Franz Moor in "Fiesco," etc. Devrient, Philipp Eduard. Born at Berlin, Aug. 11, '1801: died at Karlsruhe, Baden, Oct. 4, 1877. A German actor, dramatic writer, and playwright: brother of Karl August Dev- rient. His chief work is a "Geschichte der deutschen Schauspielkunst" (1848-74). mon Sense as to Suffrage" (1885). "A Bibliogra- Lame Devil."] A satirical romance by Le phy of the Church Struggle in England during the Six- teenth Century" and "A History of the Old Plymouth Colony" were in preparation at his death. Dexter, Samuel. Born at Boston, May 14,1761: died at Athens, N. Y., May 4, 1816. An Amer- ican jurist and politician, secretary of war in 1800, and secretary of the treasury in 1801. Deyra Dun. See Dehra Dun . Dhalim (на'lim). [Ar. zalim , the ostrich. See Beid.] The bright third-magnitude star ẞ Eri- dan i: the brightest brightest in that part of the constel- lati on which is visible in Europe. More often called Cursa (which see). Dhamma pad a (dham-ma-pa'da). [Pali, 'pre- cepts of the law,' or 'steps of the law.'] A por- tion of the Buddhist Scriptures, vision of the Khud dak an i kay a, or Collection of D'Ewes (dūz), Sir Simonds. Born at Coxden, Dor sets hire, England, Dec. 18, 1602: died at Stow Langtoft Hall, Suffolk, April 8, 1650. An English antiquary and chronicler. He collected journals of all the Parliaments during the reign of Queen Elizabeth (published 1682). His manuscripts were sold, after his death, to Sir Robert Harley (afterward Earl of Oxford), and are now in the British Museum. De Wette (de wet'te or vet'te), Wilhelm Mar- tin Leberecht. Born at Ulla, near Weimar, Germany, Jan. 12, 1780: died at Basel, Switzer- land, June 16, 1849. A celebrated German Protestant theologian and biblical critic, pro- fe or at Heidelberg 1807-10, at Berlin 1810- 1819, and at Basel 1822-49. His chief works are "Beiträge zur Einleitung in das Alte Testament" (1806-07), "Kommentar über die Psalmen" (1811), "Lehrbuch der hebraisch-jüdischen Archäologie" (1814), "Über Religion und Theologie" (1815), "Lehrbuch der Christ lichen Dog- matik" (1813-16), etc. Dewey (du'i), Chester. Born at Sheffield, Ma ., Oct. 25, 1784: died at Rochester, N. Y., Dec. 15, 1867. An American clergyman and botanist. ler in the "Sacred Books of the East," Vol. X. Dhanvantari (dhan-van'ta-ri). [Skt.] 1. A Vedic deity to whom offerings at twilight were made in the northeast quarter.-2. The phy- sician of the gods. - 3. A celebrated physician, one of "the nine gems" of the court of Vikrama. Dhar (dhär). 1. A native state in Malwa, Brit- ish India, situated about lat. 22° 40′ N., long. 75° 15′ E. It is under British supervision.-2. The capital of the above state. Population, about 20,000. Dharma shastra (dhär-mä-shäs trä). [Skt., 'a law-book.'] The whole body of Hindu law; more especially, the laws ascribed to Manu, Yajnavalkya, and other inspired sages. These works are generally in three parts: (1) achara, rules of conduct; (2) vyavahara, judicature; (3) prayashchitta, pen- ance. The inspired lawgivers are spoken of as eighteen, but forty-two are mentioned. Manu and Yajnavalkya stand at their head. A general collection of the Dharmas has- tras has been printed at Calcutta by Jivananda under the Dharwar (dhär'wär), or Darwar (där'wär), or Dharwad (dhär wäd). 1. A district in Bom- bay, British India, intersected by lat. 15° N., long. 75° 30′ E. It produces cotton.-2. The Sage, published in 1707. It was an imitation of a Spanish work entitled "El diablo cojuelo," written by Luis Velez de Guevara, and first printed in 1641, and of other satires (by Cervantes and others) long current. In accidentally entered the abode of an astrologer, delivers IMG:content-0363.png:[ocr errors] Diablintes (di-a-blin'tēz), or Diablindi (-di). A tribe of northwestern Gaul, allies of the Ve- net i against Cæsar in 56 B. c. They lived probably near Le Mans. Diadochi (di-ad'ō-ki). [Gr. διάδοχοι , succe ors.] The Maced on i an generals of Alexander the Great who, after his death in 323 в. с., divided his empire. Diadumenos (di-a-du'me-nos). [Gr. διαδούμενος, binding up his hair.] An athlete binding his brow with a fillet, a good Roman reproduction of a famous statue by Poly clit us, found at Vai- son, France, and now in the British Museum. Diafoirus (de-a-fwä-rüs'). The name of the physician in Molière's "Malade imaginaire" to whose son Thomas Argan wishes to betroth his daughter Angélique. The father is very comical, and the son, full of folly and erudi- tion, no le so. Diagoras (di-ag'ō-ras). [Gr. Διαγόρας.] Born in Melos, Ægean Sea: lived last half of 5th century chief town of the above district, situated in B. c. A Greek philosopher, accused by the Athe- lat. 15° 28′ N., long. 75° 4′ E. It was taken by lish in 1791. Population, about 30,000. Hyder Ali in 1778, and retaken by the Mahrattas and Eng. IMG:content-0364.png:[blocks in formation] and comfort against death." Diamantina (dē-ä-män-tēʼnä), formerly Tejuco (tā-zhökö). A town in the state of Minas Geraes, Brazil, in lat. 18° 25′ S., long. 43° 25′ W. It is the center of a diamond district, discovered about 1728 and now little worked. Population, about 15,000. Diamantino (de-ä-män-të në). A town in the state of Matto Gro o, Brazil, situated near the head waters of the Paraguay, in lat. 14° 24' S., long. 56°7′ W. It is the center of an abandoned diamond district. Population, about 3,000. Diamond, or Dyamond (di'a-mond). One of three brothers, sons of the fairy Agape, in Spenser's "Faerie Queene." When he is slain by Camballo, his strength pa es into his surviving brothers. Diamond Necklace Affair, The. In French history, a celebrated episode which discredited the court. A necklace (valued at about $300,000), originally ordered for Madame du Barry, was 1783-84 negotiated for by Cardinal de Rohan through an intermediary, The cardinal, who Diarbekir (de-är-be-ker'), or Diarbekr (de-är- bekr'). 1. A vilayet in Asiatic Turkey, in the valleys of the upper Tigris and upper Eu- phrates. Population (1885), 471,462.-2. The capital of the above vilayet, situated near the Tigris in lat. 37° 56′ N., long. 40° 9′ E.: also called Kara Amid: the ancient Amida. It is morocco, etc. It was a Roman colony about 230 A. D., was a trading center, and has manufactures of red and yellow sacked by Timur near the end of the 14th century, and was captured by the Turks in 1515. Population, estimated, about 40,000. Diary of an Ennuyée. A diary by Mrs. Jame- son (Anna Murphy), published in 1826. Diary of a Late Physician. See Pa ages from the Diary, etc. by pretended signatures of the queen. It was believed (probably with injustice) that the queen was involved in the affair. Diamond State, The. Delaware. Diana (di-an'a or di-ā'nä). An ancient Italian divinity, godde of the moon, protectre of the female sex, etc., later identified with the Greek Artemis. Diana. See Diana Enamor ada . Diana. [F. Diane .] 1. A character in D'Urfé's "Astrea," taken from the “Diana Enamor ada" of Monte may or.-2. In Shakspere's "All's Well that Ends Well," the daughter of the Florentine widow with whom Helena lodges. She reconciles Bertram and Helena by a stratagem. Diana, or Die, Vernon. See Vernon . Diana, Temple of (in Ephesus). See Ephesus . Diana and Acteon. A painting by Titian (1559), in Bridge water House, London. The hunter and his dogs come suddenly upon the startled godde and her nymphs at the bath. Diana looks angrily at the intruder, but has not yet taken action. Diana and Call is to. A painting by Titian, in Bridge water House, London. The godde sits on a bank beside a stream, and at her command several of her nymphs hold the offending Call is to forcibly, while another tears away her drapery. Diana Enamor ada (de-ä'nä a-nä-mō-räThä). [Sp., 'Diana enamoured.'] The chief work of Jorge de Monte may or: an important pastoral romance, the most popular one published in Spain since "Amadis Gaul." It was first printed at Valencia in 1542. It was left unfinished, but in 1564 Antonio Perez of Salamanca wrote a second part. In the Gil Polo of Valencia con same year Gaspar Germany other nation an the Philip Sidney translated some of the short poems. The original work was modeled to a degree on Sannazaro's 'Arcadia." Diana of France, Duche e de Montmorency and d'Angoulême. Born at Piedmont, Italy, 1538: died Jan. 3, 1619. An illegitimate daugh ter of Henry II. of France, who played an influential part in French politics. Her mother was a Piedmontese. Diana of Poitiers, Comte e de Brézé, Duche e de Val ent i no is. Born Sept. 3, 1499: died at Anet, Orléanais, France, April 22, 1566. A mistre of Henry II. of France, noted for her influence at the French court. She was a member of a noble family of Dauphiné, and married (1512) Louis de Brézé, grand seneschal of Normandy, who died in 1531. Diana of Versailles. A celebrated Greek statue in the Louvre, Paris, commonly regarded as a companion piece to the Apollo Belvedere, though inferior in execution. The godde is advancing, clad in the short Dorian tunic and himation girded at her waist; she looks toward the right, as with raised arm she takes an arrow from her quiver. Diana with her Nymphs. A painting by Do men i chino, in the Palazzo Borghese, Rome. The godde stands in the middle, with bow and quiver; one nymph has just transfixed a pigeon raised as a mark on a pole; others bear in a dead stag. There is great variety in the attitudes and motives, and the landscape background is pleasing. Dianora and Gilberto. One of Boccaccio's tales, the fifth novel of the tenth day of the Decameron. Chaucer took his "Franklyn's Tale" from this story. ( Morley .) See Franklin's Tale . companions were the first to double the south end of Africa. In 1497 Dias sailed with the expedition of Gama, but remained trading on the West African coast. In 1500 he commanded a ship in Cabral's fleet, and was lost in a storm after leaving the Brazilian coast. Diavolo, Fra. See Fra Diavolo . Diaz, Bernal. See Diaz del Castillo . Diaz (de'äth), Porfirio. Born in Oaxaca, Sept. 15, 1830. A Mexican general and statesman. He served as a soldier in the war with the United States in 1847, led a battalion against Santa Anna in 1854, and in 1858 adhered to Juarez and the liberal party. In 1861 he was a deputy, but soon took the field and won a vic. tory over the reactionist Marquez. During the French invasion he was one of the leaders of the defense, was captured at Puebla, May, 1863, but escaped, and headed the army of resistance in Oaxaca. Forced to surrender, Feb., 1865, he again escaped and raised new forces. After the withdrawal of the French army he rapidly gained ground against Maximilian's generals, taking Puebla April 2, 1867, and finally entering Mexico June 21, 1867. Soon after he was a candidate for the presidency, but Juarez was elected. General Diaz kept up a continual opposition to Juarez and his succe or, Lerdo, and headed several revolts. In 1876 he finally drove Lerdo out, and in May, 1877, became president of Mexico. He quickly restored order and started an era of prosperity for the country. Not being by the constitution eligible to immediate reelection, he was succeeded by his friend General Gonzalez in Dec., 1880. He was again elected in 1884, and reëlected in 1888, 1892, and 1896, the constitution having been amended to permit this. Diaz de Arm end aris (de'äth da är-men-dä res), Lope, Marquis of Cadereita. Born in Quito about 1575: died, probably at Badajoz, after 1641. A Spanish naval officer and ad mini str at or. He commanded various fleets from 1603 to 1623. He was amba ador to Germany and Spain, majordomo to Queen Isabel de Borbon, and viceroy of Mexico 1635-40. Subsequently he was bishop of Badajoz. Diaz de la Peña (dē'äth da lä pān'yä), Nar Dick Tinto Whim of the Moment," "Oddities," "The Wags," "The Quizzes, etc. He wrote several novels and The His tory of the Stage" (about 1800), his own "Profe ional Life" (1803), poems, etc., and about seventy operas and musical dramas. Dibdin, Charles Isaac Mungo. Born in 1768: died in 1833. An English dramatist and songwriter, son of Charles Dibdin. Dibdin, Thomas. Born at London, March 21, 1771: died at London, Sept. 16, 1841. An English song-writer and dramatist, son of Charles Dibdin. Dibdin, Thomas Frognall. Born at Calcutta, 1776: died at Kensington, Nov. 18, 1847. An English bibliographer, nephew of Charles Dibdin. He published "Bibliomania" (1809-11), "Typographical Antiquities of Great Britain" (1810-19), etc. Dibon (di'bon). 1. A city of Moab which was fortified by the Gadites (Num. xxxii. 3, 34), but allotted to the tribe of Reuben (Josh. xiii. 9, 17): the modern Dhiban, situated east of the Jordan and north of the Aroer. In 1868 the stele of the Moabite king Mesha (2 Ki. iii. 4) was discovered there. 2. A place in southern Judea, toward Edom (Neh. xi. 25), probably identical with Dimonah of Josh. xv. 22. Dibong (de-bong' e-bong'). One of the chief head streams of the Brahmaputra. Dibutades (di-bū'ta-dez). A Greek sculptor of Sicyon, the reputed inventor of work in relief. Dicæarch us (di-se-är'kus). [Gr. Δικαίαρχος .] Α Greek geographer, historian, and philosopher of the 4th century B. c.: a disciple of Aristotle. Fragments of his "Life of Hellas" (an account of the geography and political and social life of Greece) have been preserved. Dice (di'sē), or Dike (di'kē). [Gr. Δίκη .] In Greek mythology, the personification of justice, daughter of Zeus and Them is (law). Dicey (di'si), Albert Venn. Born 1835. An English jurist, brother of Edward Dicey. He was graduated at Balliol College, Oxford, in 1858; was called to the bar in 1863; and was appointed Vinerian profe or of English law at Oxford in 1882. He has published "Lec- tures Introductory to the Study of the Law of the Consti- tution" (1886), etc. Dicey, Edward. Born at Clay brook Hall, Lei- cestershire, England, May, 1832. An English journalist. He was graduated at Trinity College, Cam- bridge, in 1854; was called to the bar at Gray's Inn in 1865; and in 1870 became editor of the London "Ob- server." He has written "Rome in 1860" (1861), "Cavour: a Memoir" (1861), "Six Months in the Federal States" (1863), "The Schleswig-Holstein War "(1864), "The Battle- Fields of 1866" (1866), "England and Egypt" (1881), etc. Dichtung und Wahrheit aus Meinem Leben. [G., 'poetry and truth from my life.] A not entirely trustworthy autobiographical history of Goethe's life, from his birth till his settlement at Weimar. The first five books appeared in 1811, the next five in 1812, and the third instalment in 1814; the con- clusion appeared after Goethe's death. Dick (dik), Mr. A mildly demented gentleman, whose real name is Richard Babley, in Dickens's "David Copper field." Dick, Thomas. Born near Dundee, Scotland, Nov. 24, 1774: died at Broughty Ferry, near Dundee, July, 1857. A Scottish writer on as- tronomical and religious subjects. He pub- lished "The Christian Philosopher" (1823), etc. ci e. Born at Bordeaux, France, Aug. 20, 1807: died at Mentone, France, Nov. 19, 1876. A noted French landscape and genre painter of the Fontainebleau school. He made his début at the Salon in 1831. In 1844 he obtained a medal of the Dick Amlet. See Amlet , Dick . third cla , in 1846 one of the second cla , and in 1848 one of the first cla . He became a chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1851. Diaz del Castillo (de'äth del käs-tēl'yō), Bernal. Born at Medina del Campo about 1498: died in Guatemala about 1593. A Spanish soldier and author. He went to Darien with Pedrarias in 1514; thence cro ed to Cuba; was with Córdoba in the discovery of Yucatan in 1517, and with Grijalva in 1518; subsequently joined Cortés; served through the conquest of Mexico 1519-21; and went to Guatemala with Alvarado in 1524. In all these campaigns he was a common soldier or at most a subaltern officer. Diaz settled in Guatemala, at Santiago de los Caballeros, where he began writing his "Hist or i a de la Con quist a de Nueva España" in 1658. It was first published at Madrid in 1632, and has remained a standard historical authority for the conquest of Mexico. The literary style is very rough. Diaz de Solis, Juan. See Solis . Dibdin (dib'din), Charles. Born at Southampton, England, March, 1745: died at London, July 25, 1814. An English song-writer and composer, especially noted for sea-songs. He went on the stage as a "singing actor" when about fifteen years old, and soon began to write operas and other dramatic pieces, for which he sometimes wrote the words as well as the music, and in which he also played. In 1787 he began his series of "table entertainments," "of which he was composer, narrator, singer, and accompanyist." Nearly all his best songs - "The Flowing Can," "Ben Backstay," "Tom Bowling," etc. - were written by him for these entertainments, which were called "The Dickens (dik'enz), Charles. Born at Land port, near Portsmouth, England, Feb. 7, 1812: died at Gadshill, near Rochester, England, June 9, 1870. A celebrated English novelist. He was the son of John Dickens, who served as a clerk in the navy pay office and afterward became a newspaper reporter. He received an elementary education in private schools, served for a time as an attorney's clerk, and in 1835 became re. porter for the "London Morning Chronicle." In 1833 he published in the "Monthly Magazine" his first story, entitled "A Dinner at Poplar Walk," which proved to be the beginning of a series of papers printed collectively as "Sketches by Boz" in 1836. He married Catherine, daughter of George Hogarth, in 1836. In 1836-37 he published the "Pickwick Papers," by which his literary reputation was established. He became editor of "Household Words" in 1849, and of "All the Year Round" in 1859, and visited America in 1842 and 1867-68. His chief works are "Pickwick Papers" (1837), "Oliver Twist" (1838), "Nicholas Nickle by" (1838-39), "Master H phrey's Clock" (including Curiosity Shop" and "Barnaby Rudge," 1840-41), "American Notes" (1842), "Christmas Carol" (1843), "Martin Chuzzlewit" (1843-44), "Chimes" (1844), "Cricket on the Hearth" (1845), "Dombey and Son" (1846-48), "David Copper field" (1849-50), "Bleak House" (1852-53), "Hard Times" (1854), "Little Dorrit" (1855-57). "Tale of Two Cities" (1859), "Uncommercial Traveler" (1860), "Great Expectations" (1860-61), "Our Mutual Friend" (1864-65), "Mystery of Edwin Drood" (1870, unfinished). See his "Life" by John For ster (1871-74), "Dickens Dictionary," by Pierce (1872), "Letters of Dickens" (1880). Dick Tinto. See Tinto , Dick . Dick in son, Anna Elizabeth Dick in son (dik'in-son), Anna Elizabeth. Born at Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 28, 1842. An American lecturer and advocate of woman suffrage, labor reform, etc. She lectured during the Civil War on war i ues, and afterward generally on political subjects, "Women's Work and Wages," etc. In 1876 she went on the stage, but did not meet with succe . She wrote a play, "An American Girl" (1880), and "What Answer?" (a novel, 1868), "A Paying Investment" (1876), "A Ragged Register of People, Places, and Opinions" (1879). Dick in son, Emily. Born at Amherst, Ma ., Dec. 10, 1830: died there, May 15, 1886. An American poet. She was the daughter of Edward