Brûlés

See Sitcanxu. Brulgruddery (brul-grud'er-i), Dennis. In Colman the Younger's comedy "John Bull," an eccentric, whimsical Irish man, the host of the Red Cow. He has married "the fat widow to Mr. Skinny gauge," who is described as "a waddling woman wi' a mulberry face." Brumaire (brü-mar'). [F. (after L. *bruma rius ), from brume , fog, from L. bruma , bruma , winter.] The name adopted in 1793 by the National Convention of the first French Republic for the second month of the year. In the years 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 it began Oct. 23, and ended Nov. 20; in years 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14 it began on Oct. 23, and ended Nov. 21; and in year 12 it began on Oct. 24, and ended Nov. 22. Brumaire, The 18th. In French history, Nov. 9, 1799, when the coup d'état by which the Directory was overthrown was commenced. It was completed on the 19th Brumaire. Brumath (brö'mät), or Brumpt (brömpt). A town in Lower Alsace, Alsace-Lorraine, situated on the Zorn 11 miles north of Strasburg: the ancient Brucomagus. Population (1890), commune, 5,548. Brummell (brum'el), George Bryan, called Beau Brummell. Born at London, June 7,1778: died at Caen, France, March 30, 1840. An English gentleman famous as a leader in fashionable society in London. He was an intimate friend of the Prince of Wales (George IV.), "who it is said on one occasion 'began to blubber when told that Brummell did not like the cut of his coat.' By no means a fop, Brummell was never extravagant in his dre , which was characterized rather by a studied moderation." ( Dict . Nat. Biog.) Lo es at the gaming-table forced him to retire to Calais in 1816. In 1830 he was appointed consul at Caen; was imprisoned for debt in 1835; and after 1837 sank into a condition of imbecility, and died in an asylum. Brun (brön), Friederike Sophie Christ i ane. Born at Gräfentonna, near Gotha, Germany, June 3, 1765: died at Copenhagen, March 25, 1835. A German poet and writer of travels. Her works include poems (1795, 1812, 1820), "Pros a is che Schriften" (1799-1801), "Episoden" (1807-18), "Römisches Leben" (1833), "Briefe aus Rom" (1816), etc. Brunanburh (brö'nän-börch). A place, probably in Nor thumb ria, England, where, in 937, Æthelstan defeated Anlaf of Ireland and Const an tine of Scotland. A ballad of the battle is inserted in the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle." Brunck (brunk), Richard François Philippe. Born at Strasburg, Dec. 30, 1729: died June 12, 1803. A French cla ical scholar. He published "Analecta veterum poetarum Græcorum" (1772-76), and editions of Aris toph anes, Vergil, Sophocles, Plautus, etc. Brundisium (brun-dish'i-um), or Brundusium (brun-du'zhi-um). The ancient name of Brin dis i. IMG:content-0232.png:[blocks in formation] Brunehaut (brün-hō'), or Brunehilde (brün- Stockholm. Here, Oct., 1471, the Swedes under hild'). Died 613 A. D. A queen of Austrasia, Sten Sture defeated Christian I. of Denmark. daughter of A than a gild, king of the Visigoths. Brunn (brön), He in rich. Born at Wörlitz, in She married Sigebert, king of Austrasia, 561. She incited her husband to make war on his brother Chilpéric, king of Neustria, who had murdered his wife Galsuinda (Gale- swintha), sister of Brunehaut, in order to espouse his mistre Fredegonda (Fredegunde). Sigebert was murdered in 575 by Fredegonda, and Brunehaut became regent for her minor son Childebert. She was captured, after many reverses of fortune, at the age of eighty, by Clothaire II., who suffered her to be dragged to death by a wild horse. Brunei (bro-ni'). [See Borneo .] A sultanate in the northwestern part of Borneo, placed under British protection in 1888. Capital, Brunei. Area, about 8,100 square miles. Brunel (bru-nel'), Isambard Kingdom. Born at Portsmouth, England, April 9, 1806: died at Westminster, England, Sept. 15, 1859. An English civil engineer and naval architect, son of Sir Mare Isambard Brunel. He was engineer of the Great Western Railway. He designed the Great Western (1838), the Great Britain (1845), the Great Eastern (1858). Brunel, Sir Marc Isambard. Born at Hacqueville, Eure, France, April 25, 1769: died at London, Dec. 12, 1849. A civil engineer. He emigrated from France to the United States in 1793 (where he designed and built the Bowery Theater, New York); was appointed chief engineer of New York; settled in England in 1799; completed machinery for making ships' blocks in 1806; and constructed the Thames tunnel 1825-43. Brunelleschi (brö-nel-les'kē), Filippo. Born at Florence, Italy, 1379: died there, April 16, 1446. A noted Italian architect. He at first studied jewelry and goldsmiths' work, and later experimented with mechanics, constructing clocks and machines of all sorts. He also attempted sculpture. In 1401 he entered into competition with Ghiberti for the doors of the baptistery at Florence. He a ociated himself with Donatello, and about 1403 the two made a famous visit to Rome. His study of the Roman monuments was most exhaustive, and when he returned to Florence he had re tecture. He built the famous dome of Santa Maria del Fiore, which was begun about 1417. The vault was started in 1425 and finished in 1436. Between 1445 and 1461 the lantern was built after his designs. This was the most important structural problem of the 15th century. Bru nelleschi also built the church of San Lorenzo at Florence, the Badia at Fiesole, the cloister of Santa Croce, that of Santo Spirito (finished from his designs after his death), and the Capella dei Pazzi, also the Spedale degli Innocent i, the Pitti Palace, and the Pazzi Palace. Brunello (brö-nel'lo). A thief in Boiardo's "Orlando In nam or a to" and Ariosto's "Orlando Furioso." He was of mean extraction, but was made king of Ting it an a by Agramont for his services, and after a life spent in theft and subtle knavery was hanged. Brunet (brü-nā'), Jacques Charles. Born at Paris, Nov. 2, 1780: died at Paris, Nov. 16, 1867. A noted French bibliographer. He published a supplement to the bibliographical dictionary of Duclos (1790), "Manuel du libraire et de l'amateur de livres" (1810: 5th ed. 1865), "Recherches bibliographiques et critiques sur les éditions origin a les des cinq livres du roman satirique de Rabelais" (1852), etc. Brunetière (brün-tyar'), Ferdinand. Born at Toulon, July 19, 1849. A French editor and critic. He began his studies at the Lycée de Marseilles, and was graduated from the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris. In 1875 he joined the staff of the "Revue des Deux Mondes," of which he is now (1893) the editor-in chief. In 1886 he was appointed lecturer at the École Normale; in 1887 became a member of the Legion of Honor; and in 1893 was elected to the French Academy. His publications include "Études critiques sur l'his to ire de la littérature française" (five series, 1880-93), "Le roman natural i ste" (1884), "His to ire et littérature" (18841886), "Questions de critique" (1889), "Nouvelles questions de critique" (1890); and more recently still, "L'Evolution des genres dans l'his to ire de la littérature" and "L'Evolution de la poésie lyrique au dix-neuvième siècle." The first two series of the "Etudes critiques" and "Le roman natural i ste" have been crowned by the French Academy. In addition to these works, Brunetière has edited a number of books for French colleges. Brunhild (brön'hild). [MHG. Brünhilt , Prün hilt , Icel. Brynhildr .] 1. In the Nibelungenlied, a legendary queen of Island ( i . e . , Isala-land in the Low Countries), the wife of King Gunther for whom she is won by Siegfried. In the Old Norse version of the Siegfried legend, Brunhild is a Valkyr who is won by Sigurd for Gunnar. 2. See Brunchaut . Bruni (brö'nē), Leonardo, surnamed Aretino (from his birthplace). Born at Arezzo, Italy, 1369: died at Florence, March 9, 1444. A noted Italian man of letters (a pupil of Emanuel Chrysoloras), apostolic secretary, and chancellor of Florence 1427-44. He wrote "Hist or i arum Florenti narum libri XII." (1415), "De bello italico adversus Gothos gesto" (1470), "Epistolæ familiares," and a novel, "De amore Guiscardi." Brune (brün), Guillaume Marie Anne. Born at Brives-la-Gaillarde, Corrèze, France, March 13, 1763: killed at Avignon, France, Aug. 2, 1815. A marshal of France. He served with dis point is 3,295 feet. It is traversed (since 1888-89) by a rail- tinct i on in the army of Italy 1796-97; and commanded in Switzerland, Holland, the Vendée, and Italy, 1798-1801. Brünig (brün'ig). A pa over the Alps, connecting Lucerne with Meiringen. The highest way.