ultraist (ultraist)

[ der lapis. ) Small golden specks of iron pyrites are usually scattered through it. To prepare the pigment, pieces are heated, and cooled in water, producing disintegration. The powder is then purified by repeated washings, the several wash-waters depositing pigments of dif ferent depths of color, the gray powder known as ultramarine ash being the last and least valuable product. Ultramarine is very permanent under all conditions, and is, in color, the purest blue available. Its use is limited, however, by its great cost, and also by the fact that artificial ultramarine is practically as valuable. The color of both natural and artificial ultramarine is a rather dark and intensely chromatic violet blue. The natural ultramarine is only slightly violet, the artificial is very much so. Also called lazulite - blue. 2. Azure-stone. - Artificial ultramarine, the common ultramarine of commerce, prepared by grinding together a mixture of clay, carbonate of soda, sulphur, and rosin: discovered about 1830 by the chemist Gmelin, and now produced on a large scale in Germany, France, and ultramarine of commerce. material is again pow the United States. The mixture is heated in closed crucibles in a furnace for several hours, and slowly cooled. A greenish porous cake is the product. This is the green dered and again subjected to calcination, when upon cool. ing there results the proper blue color. It has never been determined to what cause this color is due. Certain variations in the proportion of the ingredients produce violet-blue colors. Also French, Guimet, new, and perm a nent blue.-Green ultramarine. See artificial ultram a rine, above.-Native ultramarine. Same as def. 1.Yellow ultramarine, barium chromate. See barium. II. a. Situated or being beyond the sea. The lo of the ultramarine colonies lightened the expenses of France. Burke, State of the Nation. Ultramarine ashes, the residuum of lapis lazuli after the ultramarine has been extracted, used as a pigment by some old masters as a middle or neutral tint for flesh, skies, and draperies: it is a purer and tenderer gray Fairholt. - Ultramarine blue. See I.- Ultramarine green. See green1. ultramicroscopic, ultramicroscopical (ul-tram i-kro-skop'ik, -i-kal), a. Beyond the power of a microscope to make visible; too small to be seen with a microscope. Amer. Meteor. Jour., III. 131. ultramontane (ul-trä-mon'tān), a. and n. [F. ultram on tain = Sp. Pg. It. ultramontano, * ultra montan us, to the Church of Rome. II. n. One who resides beyond the mountains; a foreigner. Specifically-( a ) Formerly, one who resided north of the Alps; hence, one who maintains the rights of the northern churches, as the Gallican, in opposition to the claims of universal supremacy put forth for the popes; one who is unfavorable to papal claims of supremacy and infallibility. He is an ultramontane , of which sort there hath been none [no pope] these fifty years. Bacon , Obs. on a Libel. To the petition of the Bannerets of Rome for a promotion of Cardinals, he [Pope Urban VI.] openly avowed his design to make so large a nomination that the Italians should resume their ascendancy over the Ultramontanes. Milman , Latin Christianity, xiii. 1. (b) One who resides south of the Alps, or who identifies himself with the Italian party in the Roman Catholic Church, and maintains the doctrine of absolute papal supremacy. See ultramontanism. To the Ultramontane , holding that the temporal welfare no le than the eternal salvation of men depends on submi ion to the Church, it is incredible that Church-authority has but a transitory value. H. Spencer , Study of Sociol., p. 299.