Wieseler, Karl

Lie. Theol. (Gottingen, 1839), D.D. (Jion., Kiel, 1846), German theologian; b. at Altenzelle, near Celle, Hannover, Feb. 28, 1813 d. at Greifswald, March 11, 1883. He was the second son of Pastor Christian Chris toph Wieseler, and younger brother of the well-known Fried rich Wieseler, profe or of philology and archaeology at Gottingen. In his seventh year both his parents died; and he was brought up by near relatives, who first thought to make him a forester. He attended the gymnasium at Salzwedel from 1826 to 1831; then the university of Gottingen, where he was especially influenced by Liicke, from 1831 to 1835. In the latter he became repetent, 1836 privat-docent of Old and New Testament exegesis, 1839; profe or extraordinary there, 1843; ordinary profe or at Kiel, 1851; at Greifswald, 1863. In 1870 he was made Consistorial rath and member of the Pommeranian Consistory at Stettin, and discharged these latter duties, in connection with those of his profe orship, until his death. He was the author of De christ i a no capitis poena; vel admittendce vel repudiandoz fund a men to (prize e ay), Gottingen, 1835; Num loci Mk. xvi. 9-20 et Jo. 21 genuini sint nee ne indogatur eo fine, ut adilus ad hist or i am apparitionum J. Christ i site cons crib end am aperiatur, 1839; Auslegung und Kritik der apokalyptischen Literatur des A. u. N. T., 1 Beitrag. Die 70 Wochen und die 63 Jahrwochen des Propheten Daniel, erbrlert und erldutert mit sleier Riicksiclit auf die biblisch.en Parallelen sowie Geschichte und Chronologic, nebst einer historischkritisch Untersuchung uber den Sinn, etc., der Worte Jesu von s. Parusie in den Evang., 1839; Chronologische Synopse der vier Evangelien, ein Beitrag zur Apologie der Evangelien und evangel is chen Geschichte vom Standpunkte der Vorau etzunglosigkeit, Hamburg, 1843 (English trans., Chronology of the Four Gospels, London, 1864;* another trans, by E. Venables, A Chronological Synopsis of the Four Gospels, London, 1876, 2d ed. 1878. His chief results are: birth of Jesus, 750 A.U.C.; imprisonment of the Baptist, Purim 782 A.U.C.; day of Jesus' death, April 7, 783 A.U.C, or 30 A.D.); Chronologie des apos to lis chen Zeitalters bis zum Tode conversion of Paul, 40 A.D.; apostolic council at Jerusalem, about 50 A.D.; beginning of the third Pauline mi ionary journey, 54 A.D.; duration of the Csesarean and Roman imprisonment, 58-64 A.D. He rejects the theory of the second Roman imprisonment of Paul, and dates the pastoral epistles partly from the third mi ionary journey, especially in the Ephesian residence of the apostle, and partly from the end of his Roman imprisonment); Exercitationum critic arum in Clemenlis Romani qua feruntur homilias, 1857; Commenlar uber den Brief Pauli an die Galaier; 1859; Eine Unlersuchung uber den Hebrderbrief, nameni.llc.li seinen Verfa er und seine Leser, Kiel, 1860-01,2 halves; Beitrdge zur richtigen Wiirdigung der Evangelien und der evangel is chen Gesckichte, Gotha, 1869 (a reproduction of the principal contents of his Chronolog. Synopse); Geschichte des Bekenntni tandes der luther is chen Kirclie Pommerns bis zur Einfiihrung der Union, Stettin, 1870; Der Abschnitt Rom. vii. 7-25 exegetisch und biblisch-theologisch erorlert, Greifswald, 1875 (pp. 16); Die deutsche Nalionalitdt der klein a sial is chen Galaier, Gutersloh, 1877; Die Christenverfolgungen der Cdsaren bis zumS. Jalirhundert historisch und chronologisch untersucht, 1878; Zur Geschichte der neutestamentlichen Schrift und des Urchristenthums, Leipzig, 1880 (contains three e ays: 1. The Corinthian parties, and their relation to the false teachers mentioned in Galatians, Romans, and Revelation; 2. The teaching and structure of the Epistle to the Romans; 3. The author, date, and mode of interpretation, of the Johannean revelation); Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und Religion der alten Germanen in Asien und Europa, mit religionsgeschichtl. Parallelen, 1881. Articles in periodicals, of especial value, may be mentioned, Die Lehre des Hebrderbriefs und der Tempel von Leon to polis (in Theol. Studien und Kritiken, 1867, IV.), in which he defends his book on Hebrews, although on some points presenting a different opinion; Das 4 Bucli Ezra (do., 1870), Das Todesjar Polykarps (do., 1880), Die A umptio Mosis (in Jahrb. f. d. Theologie, 1868), Der Barn abas brief (do., 1870), Der Clem ens brief an die Korintlier (do., 1877), Ueber einige Data aus dem Leben Luthers (in Kahnis' Zeitschrift fur his loris che Theologie, 1874, IV.), discu ing the dates of his birth, entrance into the convent, and journey to Rome; articles in Herzog, etc. Cf. art. Wieseler, by Zockler, in Herzog 2, xvii. 100-104. *