Dutch July, 1694; and was occupied by the Germans in 1870-71

Population (1891), commune, 22,771. Diersheim (ders ́him). A village in Baden, situated near the Rhine 8 miles northeast of under Moreau defeated the Austrians. Strasburg. Here, April 20, 1797, the French Dies Iræ (di'ēzīrē). [L., 'day of wrath.] A sequence appointed in the Roman mi al to be sung between the Epistle and the Gospel in ma es for the dead: named from its first words. It was written probably by Thomas de Celano, the friend of Saint Francis of A isi, and is a hymn in triple rimed stanzas. Its subject is the day of judgment. The transition from the terror of the day of wrath (dies iræ) to hope in salvation is used "as a natural preparation to the Dies Iræ concluding prayer for eternal rest." Sir Walter Scott's translation in "The Lay of the Last Minstrel," beginning O day of wrath, O dreadful day," is well known. There have been numerous versions and translations. The author of the old ecclesiastical melody to which it is sang is not known, but it was adapted to the words at the time they were written. It has been a popular subject with modern composers, notably Colonna, Ba ani, Cherubin i, Berlioz, Verdi, and Gounod in "Mors et Vita." It is also introduced with magnificent effect in Mozart's "Requiem." Grove. This old Latin chant was accepted by the Roman Church as one of the sequent i a of the requiem, before the year 1385. The original text is engraved upon a marble tablet in the Church of St. Francesco in Mantua. The present form of the chant is supposed to have been given by Felix Hämmerlin (in the early part of the 15th century), who omitted the former opening stanzas and added some others at the close. In this form it has appeared in the Catholic mi als since the Council of Trent. The chant has been translated upwards of seventy times into German, and fif times English. One of the closest versions, of the few in which the feminine rhymes are retained, is that of Gen. John A. Dix. Taylor , Notes to Faust. Dieskau (dēs'kou), Ludwig August. Born in Saxony, 1701: died near Paris, Sept. 8, 1767. A German general in the French service. He became brigadier-general of infantry and commander of Brest in 1748, and in 1755 was sent to Canada with the rank of major-general to conduct the campaign against the English. With 1,200 Indians and Canadians and 200 regulars he undertook an expedition against Fort Edward in 1755. He was opposed by William Johnson, with 2,200 men, encamped on Lake George. Having ambushed and routed a detachment of 1,000 men under Colonel Ephraim Williams, he was himself totally defeated and captured in the ensuing attack on the British camp. Diest (dēst). A fortified town in the province of Brabant, Belgium, situated on the Demer 32 miles northeast of Bru els. Population (1890), 8,531. "Grammatik der roman is chen Sprachen" (1836-42), "Etymologisches Wörterbuch der roman is chen Sprachen" (1853), etc. Difficulty, The Hill. A hill in Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progre " encountered by Christian in his journey to the Celestial Country. Digby (dig'bi). A small seaport, and seat of the herring fishery, situated in Nova Scotia on Anna polis basin, 17 miles southwest of Anna polis. Digby, Sir Everard. Born May 16, 1578: died Jan. 30, 1606. An English conspirator. He inherited large estates in Rutland, Leicestershire, and Lincoln shire from his father, Everard Digby of Stoke Dry, Rutland; and in 1603 was knighted by James I. He was one of the leading conspirators in the "Gunpowder Plot" (1605), being intrusted with the task of preparing for a rising in the midland counties to take place simultaneously with the destruction of the Parliament house. He was apprehended on the discovery of the plot, and was executed at London. Digby, Sir Kenelm. Born at Gothurst, Bucks, England, 1603: died at London, June 11, 1665. An English natural philosopher and student of the occult sciences. He was the son of the conspira. tor Sir Everard Digby; was educated in the Roman Catholic faith; was in 1643 banished from England as an ad herent of the Royalist cause; and subsequently became chancellor to Queen Henrietta Maria, which post he retained after the Restoration. Author of "Observations upon Religio Medici" (1643), "A Treatise of the Nature of Bodies" (1644), "A Treatise declaring the Operations and Nature of Man's Soul," etc. (1644), and "A Discourse concerning the Vegetation of Plants" (1661). Born 1800: died Digby, Kenelm Henry. March 22, 1880. An English antiquarian. He graduated, with the degree of B. A., at Cambridge in 1819, and spent most of his subsequent life in literary pursuits at London. His chief works are "The Broad Stone of Honour, or Rules for the Gentlemen of England" (1822, anonymous; enlarged edition, with second title omitted, 1826-27), and "Mores Catholic i, or Ages of Faith" (1831- 1840). Diesterweg (dēs'ter-ver), Fried rich Adolf Wilhelm. Born at Siegen, Westphalia, Prus- Digest of Just in i an. See Corpus Juris . sia, Oct. 29, 1790: died at Berlin, July 7, 1866. A German educator and writer on pedagogics. He was a teacher in various institutions at Worms, Frankfort, Elberfeld, Mörs, and Berlin. Diet of Augsburg, Frankfort, Nuremberg, etc. See Augsburg , Frankfort , Nuremberg , etc. Diet eric i (de-te-rēt'sē), Fried rich. Born at Berlin, July 6, 1821: died at Char lot ten burg, Aug. 18, 1903. A German Orientalist and philosophical writer, son of K. F. W. Diet eric i. He published "Chrestomathie ottomane" (1854), and various works on Arabic philosophy and literature, etc. Diggers. [That is, 'root-diggers,' 'root-eaters.'] A name given to a number of tribes of North American Indians in California, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Nevada, and Arizona, which speak widely different languages and comprise a number of distinct linguistic stocks. The name is used especially to designate the Bannock, Piute, and other Shoshonean tribes known to use roots extensively for food, and who are hence "diggers" (in English); but it is a coincidence that the terminal syllables dika or tika are common in Shoshonean band and tribal names. See Shoshoko .