BROUGHAM

Henbt, Bason Bbouoham and was bom at Edinbuigh on the 19th September, 1778; died at Cannes 7th May, 1868. His Henry Brougham, belonged to an old West more land family, and his mother, Eleonora Syme, a nieoe of Robertson the historian. He was at the High School and the University of entering the latter at the age of sixteen. the early age of eighteen he wrote an e ay on Refraction and Reflection of Light, which, being to the Royal Society, was thought worthy of printed in their Transactions for 1796. He a paper to each of the next two volumes the Royal Societ3r's Transactions also. On leaving he devoted himself to the study of law at and was admitted a member of the Society of Advocates in 1800. As a member of the Speculative Club he was brought into contact with Jeffrey, and others afterwards famous; and along the above-mentioned writers and Sydney Smith a diief part in the starting of the E - Powers nent of tiie corn-laws. In connection with the acts extent of his later years, we may mention his presidency ol the Law A in end ment Society, and of the Social con decided Science A ociation. He latterly resided much at Cannes, in the s. of France, where he died. He he married in 1819, and had two daughters, one of whom to the died in infancy in 1820, the other in 1839, at the he age of seventeen. His wife was Mary Anne Eden, was daughter of Thomas Eden, Esq., and grand-daoghter in of Sir Robert Eden, Bart., of West Auddand, in the the county of Durham. — ^Lord Brougham acoompliahed a large amount of literaiy work, oont rib at img to trade year newspapers, reviews, and encydopedias, besides rotten writing several independent works; and he had no which mean reputation in mathematics and physical scienoe. His works, collected by himself, and published in ten pa - He vols. (Edin. 1855-67), include— Ist Lives of Men of Sdence, time of George III.; 2d. Lives of Men of At the Letters, time of Greorge HI.; 3d, 4th, and 5th. Emihimnent Statesmen; 6th. Natural Theology; 7th. Bliebut torical and Literary Di ertations and Addreoses; a 8th. Bhetorical and Political Di ertation a; 9th and 10th. Speeches on Social and Political Subjects. He On his also, along with Sir Charles Bell, brought out an edition of Pale/s Natural Theology; tranalated the in oration of Dconosthenes On the Crown; and in 1855, oonjointiy with Mr. E. J. Bouth, published an he and Analyticid View of Sir Isaac Newton's PzincxpijL Besides being chosen Lord Bector of Glasgof^r Uniwas inversity, he was president of University College, London, chancellor of Edinburgh Uxuveraity, D.CL. *d upon Oxford, and a member of the Institute of France. Lord Brougham must be looked upon as one of th« elected most remarkable men of this century. His ener^r intro and industry wero enormous, his versatility snr> of prising. He was a mathematician, a historian, a con biographer, an e ayist, amoral and political philosobore an pher, a lawyer, an orator, and a statesman. It v Dif chiefly in the latter capacities that he will be reiaeixtbered. Am an orator and parliamentary debater he publiwas inferior to Canning alone. In rapid and f oitnl; k diction he was unsuipa ed; and when argument, invective, sarcasm, wit^ and humour were all nungksd and together — and the words came rushing forth, every and one true to the mark — ^it was no wonder that Lard favour. Brougham was a most formidable opponents are BROUGHT ON, Lord, the Bight How. Sn John Cam Hobhousb, G.C.B., B.C., F.R.S., BarniL Brought on, of Brought on de Gyfford, in the cmintT of Wilts, and a baronet; bom 27th June, 1786; die>i denot 3d June, 1869; was the son of Sir Benjamin Hob house, first baronet, and of Charlotte, danghier and In negro heire of Samuel Cam, Esq., of the Chantiy, WiUa. He was educated at Westminster School and Trinity the to him, College, Cambridge, whero he graduated B.A_ of the in 1808, and M.A. in 1811. He was an intaiuatc friend of Lord Byron, and accompanied him in hj» travels to Greece and Turkey in 1809. He puhlttho'i Feb. 7, in 1812 an account of this voyage, entitled Joomex rein to Albania and other Provinces of the TorkiBh Es^~ York, piro. In the years 1813 and 1814 he aooofmpanie^i the allied armies in Gennany, and waa present mt slave the the battle of Dresden. He also aooompamied Btt*. -. to the to Italy in 1816-17, and visited Bome and Venior Baron together with him. He suggested an extesMBon «; 1832 the fourth canto of Childe Harold, which Brrv.r Lords. he dedicated undertook to him, to write and for by it azrangement a series of notes, with for thc*p« vh*. «-i t his observations during their joomey fumiahed ■»v%he was terials. These notes wero written at Venice, wbe v ho had the advantage of the ducal library, and Hence social so expanded with di ertations on hiakory, aii ' hostile toze, kc, as ultimately to fonn a a^kamte which was published by Miirraj in 1818: Historical dale, Illustratioiui of the Fourth Canto of Childe Harold, but containing IHsaertationB on the Ruins of Borne, and extinct. an E ay on Italian Literature. Hob house was an ton advanced Liberal in politics, and on his return to his Andent Poems ooontry took an active part in the advocacy of refonnsy chiefly by means of anonymous pamphlets and articles in the Whig reviews and newspapers. In 1816 he published anonymously in two 8vo estuary volumes, The Substance of some Letters written by an English Gentleman resident at Paris during the last reign of the Emperor Napoleon. The received North accounts of the histoiy of the Hundred Days were Feny-port-on-Craig. in his opinion inaccurate, and opposed to liberal generally principles, and he profe ed in these letters to give erection a true account of occuirenoes as they actually took villas, place. This work, from its hostility to the Bourbon Elizabeth an, cause, gave great offence to the existing governments manufacturers, both in France and England. A French translation churches having been published, the translator and publisher were each sentenced to pay a fine of 1000 francs, only while the former was imprisoned for twelve, and in the latter for six months. The controversy to which erected. it gave rise iu England occasioned several an ony employed mous pamphlets and letters, in which Hob house At continued his advocacy of liberal views. One of these, written in reply to Lord Erskine, and called the of Trifling Mistake, being charged in the House of Pop. Commons with advocating rebellion, he came forward to acknowledge the authorship, and was, by 1620, in the speaker's warrant of 13th December, 1819, arrested on the following day, and con unit ted to New title to gate. In this pamphlet he said, 'If the government try to deprive me of my inalienable right of meeting to my fellow-countrymen by letting loose a soldier at me restorer without the warning of an act of Parliament^ X will the resist him if I can; and if they do give me the warn offices, ing of an act of Parliament, I will break it if I can.* Royal The death of George III. at the beginning of 1820 caused a di olution of Parliament, and after a short mathematical delay he was released. At the general election that order, year he was returned for Westminster, whid i he had of previously contested unsucce fully with Mr. Greorge important Lamb, brother of Lord Melbourne. Soon after his equilateral election he defended the Liberals of Oldham against an aggre ion on the part of the cabinet of Lord Des cartes' Liverpool, which had put down by force a great remusic. form meeting in that place. He supported the Beform Bill of 1832, the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, the removal of the Catholic disabilities, was and other liberal measures of the period. In Feb. 1832, he entered Lord Melbourne's ministry as secretary at war, and became a privy-cotmcnllor. Protestants, In 1833 he was made chief -secretary for Ireland, but lost his seat in seeking for re-election. On the rede fended construction of the cabinet under Lord Melbourne in 1834, he was made chief commi ioner for woods and and forests, and was elected for Nottingham. The suppre ing ministry resigned in autumn, and returned to power house in April, 1835, when he was appointed president of and the board of controL He held this office till Sept. they be 1841, and in Lord Ru ell's administration, 184&-62. He lost his seat for Nottingham in 1847, when he other waj9 at the bottom of the poll, but a seat was found the for him at Harwich, whid i he continued to occupy an till he was raised to the peerage in 1851. He had Lausanne, ■ucceeded his father as baronet in 1831. From the France time of his elevation to the peerage he took le interest in political affairs, and he rarely spoke in the of House of Lords. During his retirement he returned was to the literary tastes of his youth, to the cultivation pen. of the cla ics, of which he was always an admirer, and and to the enjoyment of the society of a large circle the of friends. Lord6roughtonmarriedinl828 Lady Julia paired ^a^, youngest daughter of the Marc^uis of Twe^d- Dy who died in 1836. He had three daughters, as he left no male i ue, the peerage became Besides the works referred to, Lord BroughpnbUshed Imitations and Translations from the and Modem Cla ics, together with Original (London, 1809). BBOUGHTY-FERRY, a marine town and watering place in Scotland, county Forfar, K. shore of the of the Tay, 3 miles £. Dundee; on the Dundee and Arbroath section of the Caledonian Railway, and connected with the Fife section of the British by the ferry acro the Tay, from The houses are of stone, and well built i whUe many of those of modem are extremely neat and tasteful Handsome in various styles of architecture, but chiefly belonging to Dundee merchants and are al«) numerous. Several of the are elegant structures. The only manufacture carried on here is that of coarse linens, in which a few weavers are employed. It is a condition many of the feus that no manufacturing works be A great portion of the working population is in fishing for supplying the Dhondee market. the s. extremity of die village, on a rocky eminence projecting into the sea> stands the old castle Broughty, when or by whom built is unknown. in 1871, 6817. 434